Medical Terminology Quiz: Digestive System!

The correct answer is "atresia" because it is the only option that is a valid word. The other options ("treesia", "atrezia", "etresia", "etrasia") do not exist in the English language.

Peristalsis is the correct answer because it refers to the muscular wave-like movement that helps to transport food through the digestive system. This movement occurs in the walls of the digestive tract, pushing the food forward and aiding in the process of digestion. Mastication refers to the chewing of food, emulsification is the process of breaking down fat globules, anastomosis is the surgical connection of two structures, and regurgitation is the act of bringing swallowed food back up into the mouth.

Amylase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that is responsible for breaking down starch into smaller molecules such as glucose. This process is known as starch digestion. Glucose, bile, amino acid, and lipase are not enzymes specifically involved in digesting starch, making them incorrect options.

The term "biliary" is the correct answer as it relates to bile. Bile is a substance produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Therefore, "biliary" is the most appropriate term to describe anything related to bile, such as biliary ducts or biliary obstruction.

Lymphangiectasis refers to the dilation or enlargement of a lymph vessel. This condition can occur due to various factors such as infection, inflammation, or obstruction. It can lead to the accumulation of lymph fluid and cause swelling and discomfort in the affected area. Lymphangiectasis can be diagnosed through imaging techniques like lymphangiography, which involves injecting a contrast dye into the lymphatic vessels to visualize any abnormalities. Cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis, on the other hand, refer to the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder and bile ducts respectively, while lymphocytosis is an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood.

Transhepatic cholangiography is a test that can demonstrate choledocholithiasis, which is the presence of stones in the common bile duct. This test involves injecting a contrast dye into the bile ducts, which helps visualize any blockages or abnormalities. By using X-rays, the radiologist can identify the presence of stones in the bile ducts, confirming the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. The other options, such as barium enema, gastric intubation, upper GI series, and gastric endoscopy, are not specific for evaluating the bile ducts and would not be able to demonstrate choledocholithiasis.

Esophageal atresia refers to a condition where the esophagus, the tube that connects the throat to the stomach, does not properly connect to the stomach at birth. This means that there is no opening for food and liquid to pass from the esophagus into the stomach. This can result in feeding difficulties and can be a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly.

The suffix "-rrhaphy" refers to the act of suturing or stitching. It is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate a surgical procedure of closing or repairing a wound or incision by stitching it. This suffix is derived from the Greek word "rhaphe" which means "a seam" or "a suture". Therefore, "-rrhaphy" is the correct answer as it directly relates to the term "suture" and its surgical application.

The term "-ectasis" refers to the dilation or expansion of a structure or organ. Therefore, the opposite of "-ectasis" would be the narrowing or constriction of a structure. The term "-stenosis" specifically refers to the narrowing of a passage or opening in the body. This makes "-stenosis" the opposite of "-ectasis" and the correct answer in this case.

The combining form "cec/o" refers to the cecum, which is the first part of the large intestine. This is where the small intestine connects to the large intestine. The cecum is responsible for receiving undigested food from the small intestine and absorbing water and electrolytes. It also houses beneficial bacteria that aid in the digestion of fiber. Therefore, "cec/o" is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the first part of the large intestine.

Icterus is another term for jaundice. Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to increased levels of bilirubin in the blood. It is often a symptom of liver disease or dysfunction. The term "icterus" is derived from the Greek word "ikteros," which means yellow bird, referring to the yellow coloration seen in jaundice.