Medical Gas Therapy III
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Exposure to 100% O2 for more than 24 hours should be avoided; High FiO2 is acceptable if the concentration can be
- A.
Decreased to 0.70 within 2 days
- B.
Decreased to 0.50 or less in 5 days
- C.
Increased to 0.70 within 2 days
- D.
Increased to 0.50 or less in 5 days
Correct Answer(s)
A. Decreased to 0.70 within 2 days
B. Decreased to 0.50 or less in 5 daysExplanation
The correct answer is "decreased to 0.70 within 2 days" and "decreased to 0.50 or less in 5 days". This is because exposure to 100% O2 for more than 24 hours can be harmful. However, if the concentration of oxygen can be decreased to 0.70 within 2 days and further decreased to 0.50 or less in 5 days, it is considered acceptable. This allows for a gradual reduction in the concentration of oxygen, minimizing the potential risks associated with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Concern that O2 therapy can cause hypoventilation should never preclude administration of O2 to a patient in need.
- A.
Prevention of hypoxia is always the first priority
- B.
Prevention of hypoxemia is always the first priority
- C.
Prevention of hyper capnea is always the first priority
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Prevention of hypoxia is always the first priorityExplanation
The correct answer is prevention of hypoxia is always the first priority. This is because hypoxia, which is a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues, can be life-threatening and must be addressed immediately. Hypoxemia, which is low oxygen levels in the blood, is a consequence of hypoxia and also needs to be prevented. Hypercapnea, which is high carbon dioxide levels in the blood, is a concern but it is not the first priority when it comes to oxygen therapy. The main goal is to ensure that the patient receives enough oxygen to prevent hypoxia.Rate this question:
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- 3.
If an O2 delivery system provides all of a patients inspired gas
- A.
FiO2 becomes priority
- B.
FiO2 is permanent
- C.
FiO2 remains stable
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. FiO2 remains stableExplanation
The correct answer is "FiO2 remains stable". This means that if an O2 delivery system provides all of a patient's inspired gas, the FiO2 (Fraction of Inspired Oxygen) level will remain consistent and not fluctuate. This is important because maintaining a stable FiO2 is crucial for ensuring the patient receives the appropriate amount of oxygen for their needs.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which one do you like?
- A.
Option 1
- B.
Option 2
- C.
Option 3
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Option 1 -
- 5.
If O2 delivery device provides only part of the inspired gas
- A.
Air dilutes the O2
- B.
PaO2 will decrease
- C.
FiO2 can very
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. Air dilutes the O2
C. FiO2 can veryExplanation
When the O2 delivery device provides only part of the inspired gas, the air that is being breathed in dilutes the concentration of oxygen (O2) in the inspired gas. As a result, the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) will decrease. Additionally, the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) can vary depending on the specific O2 delivery device being used. Therefore, all of the above statements are correct.Rate this question:
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- 6.
O2 provided with low-flow devices such as a Nasal Cannula is always
- A.
Diluted with air
- B.
Diluted with Normal Saline
- C.
Diluted with Sterile Water
- D.
Diluted with Distilled Water
Correct Answer
A. Diluted with airExplanation
When O2 is provided with low-flow devices such as a Nasal Cannula, it is always diluted with air. This is because low-flow devices mix oxygen with room air, resulting in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. The concentration of oxygen delivered through a low-flow device depends on the flow rate and the patient's breathing pattern. Therefore, the oxygen is diluted with air to achieve the desired oxygen concentration for the patient.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Reservoir devices can provide Higher FiO2 then
- A.
Low flow systems
- B.
Can be used to conserve O2
- C.
High flow systems
- D.
Can be used to blow off CO2
Correct Answer(s)
A. Low flow systems
B. Can be used to conserve O2Explanation
Low flow systems can be used to conserve oxygen because they deliver a lower flow rate of oxygen to the patient, resulting in less oxygen being wasted. This is achieved by using reservoir devices, which store oxygen during the patient's inhalation and release it during exhalation, allowing for a more efficient use of oxygen. High flow systems, on the other hand, deliver a higher flow rate of oxygen and are typically used to provide higher FiO2 levels or to flush out carbon dioxide.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A flow of at least 5 L/min should be used with O2 masks to
- A.
Avoid rebreathing
- B.
Ensure prevention of collapse on reservoir mask
- C.
Release back pressure
- D.
A and B only
Correct Answer
D. A and B onlyExplanation
A flow of at least 5 L/min should be used with O2 masks to avoid rebreathing and ensure prevention of collapse on the reservoir mask. Rebreathing can occur if the flow rate is too low, leading to the inhalation of exhaled carbon dioxide. Using a flow rate of at least 5 L/min helps to flush out exhaled gases and maintain an adequate oxygen supply. Additionally, a higher flow rate helps to prevent collapse of the reservoir mask, which can occur if the flow rate is insufficient to maintain the reservoir bag inflated.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A Non-Rebreathing reservoir circuit can provide a full range of FiO2 (21% to 100%) at any needed flow to both
- A.
Intubated and non intubated patients
- B.
COPD and Restrictive patient
- C.
ARDS and Broncheactasis patients
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Intubated and non intubated patientsExplanation
A Non-Rebreathing reservoir circuit is a type of oxygen delivery system that can provide a full range of FiO2 (fraction of inspired oxygen) from 21% to 100%. This means it can deliver different concentrations of oxygen as needed for patients with varying oxygen requirements. It can be used for both intubated and non-intubated patients, making it suitable for a wide range of respiratory conditions such as COPD, restrictive lung diseases, ARDS, and bronchiectasis. Therefore, the correct answer is that it can provide a full range of FiO2 to both intubated and non-intubated patients.Rate this question:
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- 10.
High Flow systems supply a given O2 concentration at a a flow of at least
- A.
35 L/min
- B.
40 L/min
- C.
50 L/min
- D.
60 L/min
Correct Answer
D. 60 L/minExplanation
High flow systems are designed to deliver a high concentration of oxygen to the patient. The flow rate of oxygen in these systems should be at least 60 L/min. This high flow rate ensures that the patient receives a sufficient amount of oxygen, even during periods of increased respiratory demand. It is important to have a high flow rate in order to maintain the desired oxygen concentration and meet the patient's oxygen needs.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Treating Moderate Hypoxemia, what High Flow device is useful
- A.
Nasal Cannula
- B.
Aerosol
- C.
Simple Mask
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Nasal CannulaExplanation
The correct answer is Nasal Cannula because it is a high flow device that can effectively treat moderate hypoxemia. It delivers a continuous flow of oxygen into the patient's nose, providing a higher concentration of oxygen compared to a simple mask or aerosol. Nasal cannulas are comfortable to wear and allow the patient to eat, drink, and speak while receiving oxygen therapy.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Entrainment devices always provide less than
- A.
100% O2
- B.
78% O2
- C.
21% O2
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. 100% O2Explanation
Entrainment devices are designed to mix oxygen with room air in order to deliver a specific concentration of oxygen to the patient. In this case, the correct answer is 100% O2 because entrainment devices are capable of providing a higher concentration of oxygen than the normal atmospheric air, which contains approximately 21% oxygen. Therefore, entrainment devices can deliver oxygen concentrations higher than 21% and even up to 100% pure oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The more air entrained, the higher the total flow, but the delivered FiO2 is lower for what device
- A.
Entrainment mask
- B.
Aerosol mask
- C.
Simple mask
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Entrainment maskExplanation
The entrainment mask delivers a higher total flow of air when more air is entrained. However, the delivered FiO2 (fraction of inspired oxygen) is lower because the entrainment mask allows room air to mix with the supplemental oxygen, diluting the oxygen concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is the entrainment mask.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Should be treated as fixed performance devices only when set to deliver low O2 concentration <35%
- A.
Nasal Moustache/Oxymizers
- B.
Nasal Prongs
- C.
Air Entrainment Nebullizers
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Air Entrainment NebullizersExplanation
Air entrainment nebulizers should be treated as fixed performance devices only when set to deliver low O2 concentrationRate this question:
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- 15.
One way to achieve high FiO2 with air -entrainment nebulizers it to
- A.
Connect two or more devices together in parallel
- B.
Connect two or less devices together in parallel
- C.
Use quick disconnect devices in parallel
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Connect two or more devices together in parallelExplanation
Connecting two or more devices together in parallel allows for a higher FiO2 with air-entrainment nebulizers. When devices are connected in parallel, the flow of oxygen is divided among the devices, resulting in a higher overall FiO2. This method is effective in delivering a higher concentration of oxygen to the patient.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What decreases both the volume of entrained air and the total flow output of air entrainment devices
- A.
Leakage on the device
- B.
Positive pressure
- C.
Back pressure
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Back pressureExplanation
Back pressure decreases both the volume of entrained air and the total flow output of air entrainment devices. When there is back pressure, it creates resistance against the flow of air, reducing the amount of air that can be entrained and decreasing the overall flow output. Leakage on the device and positive pressure may also affect the performance of air entrainment devices, but they are not specifically mentioned in the question as factors that decrease both the volume of entrained air and the total flow output.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What allows precise control over FiO2 and total flow output
- A.
Air Entrainment Mask
- B.
Blending System
- C.
Nasal Moustache/Oxymizers
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Blending SystemExplanation
A blending system allows precise control over FiO2 (Fraction of Inspired Oxygen) and total flow output. This system combines oxygen and air in specific ratios to achieve the desired oxygen concentration. It provides the ability to adjust the FiO2 accurately for patients who require a precise oxygen concentration, such as those with respiratory conditions. Additionally, the blending system also allows control over the total flow output, ensuring the appropriate amount of oxygen is delivered to the patient. Therefore, a blending system is the correct answer as it offers the necessary control over FiO2 and total flow output.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What should always be conducted on an O2 Blender before the device is used
- A.
Patient vitals
- B.
Operational check
- C.
Patient assessment
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Operational checkExplanation
Before the O2 Blender is used, an operational check should always be conducted. This is important to ensure that the device is functioning properly and will deliver the correct blend of oxygen to the patient. Conducting an operational check helps to identify any potential issues or malfunctions in the O2 Blender, allowing for necessary repairs or adjustments to be made before it is used on a patient. Checking patient vitals and conducting a patient assessment are also important steps in providing proper care, but they are not specific to the O2 Blender itself.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide improves
- A.
Blood Flow to Ventilated Alveoli
- B.
Reduces Intrapulmonary Shunting
- C.
Arterial Oxygenation
- D.
Decreases Pulmonary Vascular Resistance/Pulmonary Arterial Pressure
Correct Answer(s)
A. Blood Flow to Ventilated Alveoli
B. Reduces Intrapulmonary Shunting
C. Arterial Oxygenation
D. Decreases Pulmonary Vascular Resistance/Pulmonary Arterial PressureExplanation
Inhaled Nitric Oxide improves blood flow to ventilated alveoli by dilating the blood vessels in the lungs, allowing for better oxygenation of the alveoli. It also reduces intrapulmonary shunting, which is the phenomenon where blood bypasses the alveoli and does not get oxygenated. By improving arterial oxygenation, inhaled Nitric Oxide increases the amount of oxygen that is delivered to the body's tissues. Additionally, it decreases pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, which helps to reduce the workload on the heart and improve overall lung function.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Used in the management of some neonates with congenital heart disease, to treat hiccups and to prevent complete washout of CO2 during cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal gas exchange.
- A.
HBO Therapy
- B.
Carbogen
- C.
Nitric Oxide
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. CarbogenExplanation
Carbogen is used in the management of some neonates with congenital heart disease, to treat hiccups, and to prevent complete washout of CO2 during cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal gas exchange. HBO Therapy and Nitric Oxide are not mentioned in the given information, so they are not the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Generally uses 12 - 15 L/min. Can produce FiO2 of .40 to .50. Used with children
- A.
Air Entrainment Mask
- B.
Blender System
- C.
Isolette
- D.
Enclosure Systems
Correct Answer
D. Enclosure SystemsExplanation
Enclosure systems are the correct answer because they are generally used with children, can produce FiO2 of .40 to .50, and typically use 12 - 15 L/min. Enclosure systems are designed to provide a controlled environment for patients, ensuring that they receive the appropriate amount of oxygen. They are commonly used in pediatric settings to deliver oxygen therapy to children.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Simultaneously produces Aerosol and Allows child/adult movement while maintaining FiO2. Helpful for Croupe.
- A.
Enclosure System
- B.
Oxygen Tent
- C.
Oxygen Hood
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Oxygen TentExplanation
An oxygen tent is a type of enclosure system that simultaneously produces aerosol and allows the movement of a child or adult while maintaining the desired oxygen concentration (FiO2). This is particularly helpful for conditions like Croup, where aerosol therapy and oxygen administration are necessary. The oxygen tent provides a safe and controlled environment for the patient, allowing them to receive the required oxygen therapy while still being able to move around comfortably.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Minimum flow normally of 7 L/min, used with Infants
- A.
Oxygen Hood
- B.
Oxygen Tent
- C.
Enclosure System
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Oxygen HoodExplanation
The correct answer is "Oxygen Hood" because it is a device that provides oxygen to infants by covering their head and upper body. It delivers a minimum flow of 7 L/min, which is necessary for proper oxygenation. Oxygen tents and enclosure systems are not typically used with infants and may not provide the required flow rate.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Used with Infants to provide complete control of environment. Able to provide maxi FiO2 of .50 @ 8 to 15 L/min with stable FiO2
- A.
Incubator (Isolette)
- B.
Oxygen Tent
- C.
Oxygen Hood
- D.
Blending System
Correct Answer
A. Incubator (Isolette)Explanation
An incubator (Isolette) is used with infants to provide complete control of the environment. It is able to provide a maximum FiO2 of .50 at 8 to 15 L/min with stable FiO2. This means that the incubator can regulate the oxygen concentration and flow rate to ensure that the infant receives the appropriate amount of oxygen. The other options, such as an oxygen tent, oxygen hood, and blending system, may not provide the same level of control and stability in delivering oxygen to the infant.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Large enough for a single patient only. Chamber kept at FiO2 of 1.0 during treatment
- A.
Multi-place Chamber
- B.
Monoplace Chamber
- C.
Fixed Chamber
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Monoplace ChamberExplanation
A monoplace chamber is a type of hyperbaric chamber that is large enough to accommodate only one patient at a time. It is kept at a FiO2 (Fraction of Inspired Oxygen) of 1.0 during treatment, meaning that the patient breathes pure oxygen. This type of chamber allows for individualized treatment and is often used for patients who require specific oxygen levels or have certain medical conditions that necessitate a controlled environment. The other options, multi-place chamber and fixed chamber, do not accurately describe the characteristics mentioned in the explanation.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Chamber that is capable of holding caregivers and patients
- A.
Monoplace Chamber
- B.
Fixed Chamber
- C.
Multi-place Chamber
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Fixed ChamberExplanation
A fixed chamber is a type of chamber that is capable of holding caregivers and patients. Unlike monoplace chambers, which can only accommodate one person at a time, and multi-place chambers, which can hold multiple people, a fixed chamber is designed to hold both caregivers and patients simultaneously. This type of chamber is often used in medical facilities where close monitoring and care of patients is required during hyperbaric oxygen therapy or other medical treatments.Rate this question:
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