Mcfp Urinalysis Competency Quiz

1.

pH = 7.5, identify the crystal.

Ammonium Biurate (Thorny Apple) Crystal

Leucine Crystal

Oxalate Crystal

Triple Phosphate Crystal

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Explanation

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2.

Choose the correct name.

Leucine Crystal

Tyrosine Crystal

Calcium Oxalate Crystal

Triple Phosphate Crystal

Calcium oxalate crystals are a common type of crystal that can form in the urine or in various tissues of the body. They are often found in the urine of individuals with kidney stones or other urinary tract disorders. The crystals are composed of calcium and oxalate, and their presence can indicate an underlying medical condition. Therefore, the correct name for the given answer is Calcium Oxalate Crystal.

Explanation

Calcium oxalate crystals are a common type of crystal that can form in the urine or in various tissues of the body. They are often found in the urine of individuals with kidney stones or other urinary tract disorders. The crystals are composed of calcium and oxalate, and their presence can indicate an underlying medical condition. Therefore, the correct name for the given answer is Calcium Oxalate Crystal.

3.

Identify the arrowed object.

Waxy Cast

Granular Cast

RBC Cast

WBC Cast

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Explanation

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4.

Identify the arrowed object.

Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell

Squamous Epithelial Cell

Spermatozoa

Fecal Contamination (Fiber)

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Explanation

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5.

Identify the arrowed objects.

WBC's

RBC's

Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Squamous Epithelial Cells

The arrowed objects in the given image are RBC's (Red Blood Cells).

Explanation

The arrowed objects in the given image are RBC's (Red Blood Cells).

6.

Identify the arrowed object.

Squamous Epithelial Cell

Leukocyte (WBC)

RBC

Starch Granule

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Explanation

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7.

Identify the arrowed object.

Hyaline Cast

Waxy Cast

Fiber (exogenous)/fecal contamination

Parasitic Worm

The arrowed object in the image is most likely fiber (exogenous)/fecal contamination. This can be inferred from the fact that hyaline cast and waxy cast are types of casts found in urine samples, while a parasitic worm would have a distinct appearance and would not be classified as a cast. Therefore, the presence of fiber or fecal contamination is the most plausible explanation for the arrowed object in the image.

Explanation

The arrowed object in the image is most likely fiber (exogenous)/fecal contamination. This can be inferred from the fact that hyaline cast and waxy cast are types of casts found in urine samples, while a parasitic worm would have a distinct appearance and would not be classified as a cast. Therefore, the presence of fiber or fecal contamination is the most plausible explanation for the arrowed object in the image.

8.

Identify the arrowed object.

Finely Granular Cast

Waxy Cast

Cellular Cast (RTE and/or neutrophil)

RBC Cast

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Explanation

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9.

Identify the object.

Tyrosine Crystal

Cystine Crystal

Calcium Oxalate Crystal

Triple Phosphate Crystal

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Explanation

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10.

Identify the object.

WBC Cast

RTE Cast

RBC Cast

Hyaline Cast

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Explanation

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11.

Identify the arrowed object. Observe the broken ends of the cast.

Waxy Cast

Hyaline Cast

RBC Cast

Granualar Cast

The correct answer is Waxy Cast. Waxy casts are formed when there is stasis or slow flow of urine in the renal tubules. They have a smooth, glassy appearance and are often seen in chronic renal disease. The broken ends of the cast may indicate damage or deterioration of the cast structure.

Explanation

The correct answer is Waxy Cast. Waxy casts are formed when there is stasis or slow flow of urine in the renal tubules. They have a smooth, glassy appearance and are often seen in chronic renal disease. The broken ends of the cast may indicate damage or deterioration of the cast structure.

12.

Identify the objects, (Top- Polarized), (Bottom-Regular Light).

RTE's

Oval Fat Bodies

Leucine Crystals

WBC Cast

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Explanation

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13.

Identify the objects, regular light (left) and under polarized light (right).

Starch Granules

Pollen Granules

Stain Precipitate

Fat Droplets

Starch granules can be identified under both regular light and polarized light. When viewed under regular light, starch granules appear as translucent, refractive bodies with a characteristic shape. Under polarized light, starch granules show birefringence, meaning they exhibit different refractive indices in different directions, resulting in a distinct pattern of colors. This property helps in distinguishing starch granules from other objects like pollen granules, stain precipitate, and fat droplets, which do not exhibit birefringence.

Explanation

Starch granules can be identified under both regular light and polarized light. When viewed under regular light, starch granules appear as translucent, refractive bodies with a characteristic shape. Under polarized light, starch granules show birefringence, meaning they exhibit different refractive indices in different directions, resulting in a distinct pattern of colors. This property helps in distinguishing starch granules from other objects like pollen granules, stain precipitate, and fat droplets, which do not exhibit birefringence.