Lsn Government Hsa Review Quiz: Unit 6

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| By Billy_shulman
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  • 1/15 Questions

    Which of these is an example of a plea bargain?

    • A jury determines the sentence for a person convicted of a crime
    • A police officer collects evidence to obtain a search warrant
    • A judge reviews evidence to determine whether a police officer violated a citizen’s rights
    • A defendant admits guilt to a less serious charge instead of being tried for a more serious one
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About This Quiz

This quiz covers key legal and governmental concepts, focusing on due process, rights, and landmark Supreme Court cases.

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  • 2. 

    Which of these types of cases would be tried as a civil case?

    • Lawsuit

    • Kidnapping

    • Murder

    • Rape

    Correct Answer
    A. Lawsuit
    Explanation
    A civil case refers to a legal dispute between two or more parties seeking monetary compensation or specific action. A lawsuit is the legal process by which a civil case is initiated and resolved. In contrast, kidnapping, murder, and rape are criminal offenses that are tried as criminal cases, where the state prosecutes the accused for violating criminal laws. Therefore, a lawsuit is the only option listed that would be tried as a civil case.

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  • 3. 

    A homeowner signed a written agreement with a roofing company to have an old roof replaced.In the United States legal system, this type of written agreement is called a

    • Contract

    • Negotiation

    • Tort

    • Negotiation

    Correct Answer
    A. Contract
    Explanation
    The correct answer is contract. In the United States legal system, a written agreement between two parties, such as the homeowner and the roofing company, is referred to as a contract. A contract is a legally binding document that outlines the terms and conditions agreed upon by both parties. It serves as a means of protection for both parties and can be enforced by law if necessary.

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  • 4. 

    A police officer stopped a citizen for speeding. Without probable cause, the officer opened the trunk of the citizen's car to look for drugs.

    • The right to have an attorney present during a criminal

    • The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment

    • The right to equal protection under the law for all citizens

    • The right to protection against illegal searches and seizures

    Correct Answer
    A. The right to protection against illegal searches and seizures
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the right to protection against illegal searches and seizures. In this scenario, the police officer opened the trunk of the citizen's car without probable cause, which violates the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement. The officer's action of searching the trunk without any valid reason violates the citizen's constitutional rights.

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  • 5. 

    A person suing another person in a civil case is called the ____

    • Counsel

    • Defendant

    • Plaintiff

    • Prosecutor

    Correct Answer
    A. Plaintiff
    Explanation
    In a civil case, the person who initiates the lawsuit and brings the case to court is called the plaintiff. They are the party who claims to have suffered harm or loss and seeks legal remedy or compensation from the defendant. The defendant, on the other hand, is the person being sued and is required to respond to the plaintiff's claims. The term "counsel" refers to the legal representation or lawyers involved in the case, but it does not specifically refer to the person suing. The term "prosecutor" is commonly used in criminal cases, where the government brings charges against an individual, and is not applicable in a civil case.

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  • 6. 

    A grand jury decides

    • Where a trial will be held

    • When a case will go to trial

    • Whether a person should be indicted

    • Which attorney will represent a defendant

    Correct Answer
    A. Whether a person should be indicted
    Explanation
    A grand jury is responsible for determining whether there is enough evidence to formally charge a person with a crime, known as an indictment. They review the evidence presented by the prosecutor and decide if there is probable cause to believe that the accused committed the crime. This decision is crucial as it determines whether the case will proceed to trial. Therefore, the correct answer is "whether a person should be indicted."

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  • 7. 

    A person suing another person in a civil case is called the

    • Plaintiff

    • Prosecution

    • Defendant

    • Counsel

    Correct Answer
    A. Plaintiff
    Explanation
    In a civil case, the person who initiates the lawsuit and brings the case to court is called the plaintiff. They are the party who claims to have suffered harm or loss and seeks a legal remedy or compensation from the defendant. The plaintiff has the burden of proving their case and presenting evidence to support their claims. The term "plaintiff" is commonly used in civil litigation to refer to the person or entity filing the lawsuit.

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  • 8. 

    The prosecutor in a criminal case is the person who

    • Represents the defendant

    • Represents the government

    • Serves as head of the jury

    • Presides as judge

    Correct Answer
    A. Represents the government
    Explanation
    The correct answer is represents the government. In a criminal case, the prosecutor is responsible for presenting the case against the defendant on behalf of the government. They gather evidence, question witnesses, and argue for the defendant's guilt. Their role is to seek justice and protect the interests of the state or federal government in the criminal proceedings.

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  • 9. 

    Which of these government actions is most associated with due process of law?

    • Creating affirmative action programs

    • Informing the accused of their rights

    • Maintaining order during times of crisis

    • Establishing guidelines for workplace safety

    Correct Answer
    A. Informing the accused of their rights
    Explanation
    Informing the accused of their rights is most associated with due process of law because it ensures that individuals who are accused of a crime are aware of their legal rights, such as the right to remain silent, the right to an attorney, and the right to a fair trial. This action is an essential component of the legal system as it ensures that individuals are treated fairly and have the opportunity to defend themselves against any accusations made against them.

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  • 10. 

    The prosecutor in a criminal case is the person who

    • Represents the defendant

    • Serves as head of the jury

    • Represents the government

    • Presides as judge

    Correct Answer
    A. Represents the government
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "represents the government" because in a criminal case, the prosecutor is responsible for presenting the case against the defendant on behalf of the government. They gather evidence, interview witnesses, and argue for the defendant's guilt. Their role is to seek justice and ensure that the laws are upheld, representing the interests of the state or federal government in the case.

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  • 11. 

    Which of these incidents led to the US Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines?

    • A school principal censored articles from the school newspaper

    • A school district used public transportation to segregate students by race

    • School authorities searched a student’s handbag without a search warrant

    • School authorities suspended students for wearing black armbands as a protest

    Correct Answer
    A. School authorities suspended students for wearing black armbands as a protest
    Explanation
    The incident that led to the US Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines was when school authorities suspended students for wearing black armbands as a protest. This case involved students who were suspended for wearing armbands to protest the Vietnam War. The Supreme Court ruled that the students' First Amendment rights to freedom of speech were violated by the school's actions. The case set an important precedent for protecting students' rights to express their opinions in public schools.

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  • 12. 

    Which of these would violate a right established by Miranda v. Arizona?

    • School authorities search a student’s locker without a warrant

    • A city prohibits cigratte companies from advertising on billboards

    • A state passes a law establishing several methods of capital punishment

    • Police officers refuse to allow a person in custody to consult wit ha lawyer

    Correct Answer
    A. Police officers refuse to allow a person in custody to consult wit ha lawyer
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "police officers refuse to allow a person in custody to consult with a lawyer." This violates the right established by Miranda v. Arizona, which states that individuals have the right to remain silent and the right to have an attorney present during police interrogations. Refusing a person in custody the opportunity to consult with a lawyer infringes upon their constitutional rights as established by this landmark Supreme Court case.

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  • 13. 

    The 6th Amendment allows the accused the "assistance of counsel". Which of these Supreme Court decisions expanded the protections of this amendment?

    • Marbury v Madison

    • Plessy v Ferguson

    • Gideon v Wainwright

    • Tinker v Des Moines School Board

    Correct Answer
    A. Gideon v Wainwright
    Explanation
    Gideon v Wainwright is the correct answer because this Supreme Court decision expanded the protections of the 6th Amendment by establishing that the right to counsel applies to all criminal defendants, even those who cannot afford to hire their own attorney. This landmark case held that states must provide counsel for indigent defendants, ensuring that everyone has access to legal representation in criminal proceedings.

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  • 14. 

    What is the purpose of an indictment?

    • To advise a person of the right to remain silent

    • To formally charge a person with a crime

    • To sentence a person who has been convicted

    • To decide whether a person is guilty or not guilty

    Correct Answer
    A. To formally charge a person with a crime
    Explanation
    The purpose of an indictment is to formally charge a person with a crime. It is a legal document that outlines the specific charges against an individual and initiates the legal process against them. An indictment is typically issued by a grand jury or a prosecutor, and it serves as the basis for the defendant's trial. It informs the accused of the charges they are facing and allows them to prepare a defense.

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  • 15. 

    Which of these best describes the result of the Supreme Court's ruling in New Jersey v. T.L.O.?

    • Students have fewer privacy rights in schools than in other public settings

    • School officials must have search warrants in order to properly search a student

    • School officials may force stuents to attend assemblies promoting religion

    • Restrictions placed on all forms of student expression in schools are justified

    Correct Answer
    A. Students have fewer privacy rights in schools than in other public settings
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that students have fewer privacy rights in schools than in other public settings. This is because the Supreme Court's ruling in New Jersey v. T.L.O. established that school officials have the authority to search students' belongings if they have reasonable suspicion, even without a search warrant. This ruling recognized the need for a balance between students' privacy rights and the school's responsibility to maintain a safe and orderly learning environment. Therefore, students have a diminished expectation of privacy while at school compared to other public settings.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 01, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Billy_shulman

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