LPI 101 - Comandos GNU/Linux 3- Marcus Vinicius Braga Alcantara

The statement is explaining that the "find" command, by default, searches through the entire directory tree recursively. However, it can be limited to a specific depth by using the "maxdepth" option. In this example, it states that the command "find ./test -maxdepth 2 -name *.php" will only search up to 2 levels deep in the sub-directories. Therefore, the statement is true.

The "free" command is used to display the total and the usage of RAM and swap memory in a GNU/Linux system.

The command "xz -t arquivo.pdf.xz" is used to test the integrity of the file "arquivo.pdf.xz" using the xz compression algorithm. This command checks if the compressed file is intact and can be successfully decompressed without any errors.

The correct answer is "ps aux". This command will list all processes and display the usernames of the users who started them.

The correct answer is "find . -perm 0777 -type d -exec ls -l {} \;". This command uses the "find" command to search in the current directory (.) for all subdirectories (-type d) with permission 777 (-perm 0777). The "-exec ls -l {} \;" part is used to list the found directories with detailed information.

The correct answer is "find . -size +100M -exec ls -s {} \;". This command uses the "find" command to search for files in the current directory with a size larger than 100MB. The "-size +100M" flag specifies that the size should be greater than 100MB. The "-exec ls -s {} \;" part of the command executes the "ls -s" command on each file found, displaying the file size in blocks.

The correct answer is "gzip -9rv /home/MYFILES". This command will use the gzip utility with the highest compression level (-9) and recursively (-r) compress all files and directories in the /home/MYFILES directory. The "v" option will display the progress and details of the compression process. This combination of options will optimize the compression of the files in the specified directory.

By specifying only the option "bs" instead of "ibs" and "obs" in the dd command, we can read and write the same number of bytes. This means that the input and output block sizes will be the same, resulting in a more efficient and streamlined process.

The correct answer states that the "nice" command can be used to start an application with the desired priority, and the "renice" command can be used to change the priority of an already running application. This means that "nice" can be used to set the priority of a new application, while "renice" can be used to adjust the priority of an application that is already running.

The correct answer is "bzip2 -d arquivo.pdf.bz2". This command is used to extract or decompress a file that has been compressed using the bzip2 algorithm. In this case, it is specifically used to extract the file "arquivo.pdf.bz2" and restore it to its original form. The "-d" flag stands for "decompress" and tells the bzip2 program to decompress the specified file.

This command will search for all files with the extension .tgz in the current directory and its subdirectories. It will then check the size of each file and select only the ones that are smaller than 10 kilobytes. Finally, it will copy these selected files to the directory called "teste".

The correct answer is "dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/mnt/HD/imagem.iso bs=4096 conv=noerror,sync". This command uses the "dd" command to create an ISO image from a CD/DVD-ROM. The "if=/dev/cdrom" specifies the input file as the CD/DVD-ROM, and the "of=/mnt/HD/imagem.iso" specifies the output file as the image file to be created in the /mnt/HD directory. The "bs=4096" sets the block size to 4096 bytes, and the "conv=noerror,sync" options ensure that the command continues processing even in case of errors and enables padding with nulls in partial input blocks.

The correct command to list the options of signals (Name/Number) that can be emitted by the kill command is "kill -l". This command will display a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers, which can be used to send specific signals to processes.

The correct answer is "export MANPATH=$MANPATH:/opt/novosoft/man". This command adds the directory /opt/novosoft/man to the MANPATH environment variable, which is used by the man command to locate manual pages. By exporting this variable, the man command will be able to find the manual pages in the specified directory.

The command "xz -l arquivo.pdf.xz" is used to list information about the file "arquivo.pdf.xz".

The regular expression "d[iu]g" will return the words "dig" and "dug" but not "dog". This is because the expression matches any character that comes after "d" and before "g", as long as it is either "i" or "u". Therefore, it will match "dig" and "dug" but not "dog" since the character between "d" and "g" in "dog" is "o" and it is not included in the options provided in the regular expression.

The option "-9" can be used to optimize the compression of files with the gzip tool. This option sets the compression level to the highest level, resulting in better compression but also taking more time to process.

The correct answer is "top -u vinicius". The "-u" option in the "top" command is used to specify a specific user whose processes should be displayed. In this case, "top -u vinicius" will list only the processes belonging to the user "vinicius".

The correct answer is "tar -cjf my-txt.tar.bz2 *.txt" and "tar cjvf my-txt.tar.bz2 *.txt". These options use the "tar" command to create a compressed archive file named "my-txt.tar.bz2" from all the files in the current directory with the ".txt" extension. The "-c" flag is used to create a new archive, the "-j" flag is used to compress the archive using bzip2, and the "-f" flag is used to specify the filename for the archive. The "v" flag is optional and is used to display the progress of the compression process.

The command "echo" is implemented as an internal command of the bash shell. This means that it is built-in to the shell itself and does not require an external program or utility to execute. The "echo" command is used to display text or variables as output, making it a fundamental tool for printing information in the bash shell.

The correct answer is "grep change[ds] world.txt". This command will search for the words "changes" and "changed" in the file "world.txt" and print the lines that contain these words. The square brackets in the command indicate that either "d" or "s" can be used in place of the "e" in the word "change".

The option "-r" can be used to change the priority of a process that is already running.

The correct answer is "dd if=/dev/sda of=/mnt/HD/MBR.img bs=512 count=1". This command will create an image of the system's boot sector (MBR) by using the dd command. The "if=/dev/sda" specifies the input file as the /dev/sda device, which represents the entire disk. The "of=/mnt/HD/MBR.img" specifies the output file as MBR.img in the /mnt/HD directory. The "bs=512" sets the block size to 512 bytes, and the "count=1" specifies to copy only one block, which is the size of the MBR.

The correct answer is "find / -name "articles.jpg" -exec chmod 644 {} \;". This command uses the "find" utility to search for the file "articles.jpg" starting from the root partition of the system. Once the file is found, the "chmod" command is executed with the argument "644" to set the file permissions to 644. The "{} \;" at the end of the command is used to pass the file name as an argument to the "chmod" command.

The correct answer is "find . -perm 0777 -type f -exec ls -l {} \;". This command uses the "find" utility to search for files in the current directory with permission 777. The "-perm 0777" option specifies the desired permission, the "-type f" option restricts the search to only files, and the "-exec ls -l {} \;" option executes the "ls -l" command on each found file to display detailed information about it.

The command ":bye" cannot be used to exit vi when it is in command mode. This is because ":bye" is not a valid command in vi. The correct commands to exit vi in command mode are "ZZ", ":x", ":q", and ":q!".

The correct command to decompress the file "arquivo.pdf.xz" is "xz -d arquivo.pdf.xz". The "-d" option specifies that the file should be decompressed.

The correct answer is "top -i". The "-i" option in the "top" command stands for "ignore idle processes". By using this option, the "top" command will exclude any idle or inactive processes from its output, providing a more focused view of the active processes running on the system.

The correct answer is that "Killall envia sinais para os aplicativos pelo seu nome" (Killall sends signals to applications by their name) and "Kill envia sinais para os aplicativos pelo número do processo" (Kill sends signals to applications by the process number).

The correct command to use for unpacking the file "my-txt.tar.bz2" is "tar -xjf my-txt.tar.bz2". This command uses the options "-xjf" to extract ("-x") the file, interpret it as a bzip2 compressed archive ("-j"), and display the file names and extraction progress ("-v") while unpacking.

The correct answer is "top -n 4". The "-n" option in the "top" command is used to specify the number of iterations the command should run before exiting. In this case, "-n 4" means that the command will run 4 times before exiting.

All of the given options are correct commands to unpack the file "arquivos-pdf.tar" using the "tar" command. The "x" flag is used to extract the contents of the archive, the "f" flag is used to specify the archive file, and the "v" flag is used to display the progress of the extraction. Therefore, any of the provided commands can be used to successfully unpack the file.

The command "tar -tzf my-txt.tar.gz" can be used to view the files compressed in the "my-txt.tar.gz" archive.

The correct answer is "ps". The "ps" command is used to display information about the processes that are currently running on the system. It provides a snapshot of the current processes, including their process IDs (PIDs), CPU usage, memory usage, and other details. By running the "ps" command in the terminal, a list of the processes running in the current terminal session will be displayed.

The command "jobs -l" is used to list all the active jobs along with their respective process IDs (PIDs). This command provides additional information about the jobs, including the job number and the PID of each job's process.

Both "gzip -d arquivo.gz" and "gunzip arquivo.gz" can be used to decompress the file "arquivo.gz".

The correct answer is "find . -iname "articles.jpg"". This command uses the "find" command to search for a file named "articles.jpg" in the current directory, ignoring the case sensitivity. The "-iname" option is used to perform a case-insensitive search, allowing for the possibility of the file name being written in different cases.

The correct answer is "bzip2 arquivo.pdf". This command uses the bzip2 tool to compress the file "arquivo.pdf".

The correct answer is "cpio -iv

The correct answer is "tar -xzvf my-pdf.tar.gz -C /home/user/myfiles". This command uses the "tar" utility to extract the contents of the "my-pdf.tar.gz" file. The options "-x" and "-z" specify that the file should be extracted and decompressed, while the option "-v" enables verbose output. The option "-f" is used to specify the input file, and "-C" is used to specify the directory where the extracted files should be placed, in this case, "/home/user/myfiles".

The correct answer is "tar -czvf my-txt.tar.gz *.txt". This command uses the tar utility to create a tar archive named "my-txt.tar.gz" and compresses the files with the "*.txt" extension in the current directory using gzip compression. The "-c" flag is used to create a new archive, the "-z" flag is used to compress the files using gzip, the "-v" flag is used to display the progress and details of the compression process, and the "my-txt.tar.gz" specifies the name of the output archive file. Finally, "*.txt" specifies the files to be included in the archive.

The correct answer is "tar -tjf my-txt.tar.bz2". This command uses the "t" option to list the contents of the compressed file, the "j" option to specify that the file is compressed with bzip2, and the "f" option to specify the file name.

The correct answer is "Valor PID do shell atual." This is because the variable $$ in the Bash shell holds the value of the current shell's process ID (PID).

O comando "gzip -t arquivo.pdf.gz" pode ser utilizado para testar a integridade do arquivo "arquivo.pdf.gz". O parâmetro "-t" é usado para testar se o arquivo está corrompido ou não.

The correct answer is "tar -rf Estudo-LPI.tar LPI.pdf". This is because the "-r" flag is used to append files to an existing tar archive, and the "f" flag specifies the name of the tar archive file. Therefore, the command "tar -rf Estudo-LPI.tar LPI.pdf" would add the file "LPI.pdf" to the existing tar archive "Estudo-LPI.tar".

The option "gzip -l arquivo.pdf.gz" can be used to list the contents of the file "arquivo.pdf.gz".

The commands "top" and "htop" display details about the processes that are currently being executed in real-time on the server. These commands provide information such as the CPU and memory usage, process IDs, and the amount of time the processes have been running. By using these commands, users can monitor and manage the processes running on the server efficiently.

The correct answer is Section 8 because it is the section of the online user manual that contains the administrative commands.