The Low Back: How Much Do You Know About Low Back Pain?

1.

S1 root palsy

Foot drop

Shin splints

L3 nerve root compression

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Explanation

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2.

Sacroiliac ligament sprain

A hamstring injury

A quadriceps injury

Gluteal bursitis

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Explanation

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3. An intense pain in the low back on passively stretching the quadriceps with the client in prone position indicates a problem in the:

Low back muscles

The sacroiliac ligaments

L3 nerve root compression

Tight quadriceps muscles

An intense pain in the low back on passively stretching the quadriceps with the client in a prone position indicates a problem in the L3 nerve root compression. This is because the L3 nerve root supplies sensation and motor function to the quadriceps muscles. When there is compression or irritation of the L3 nerve root, it can cause pain in the low back when the quadriceps are stretched. This suggests that there may be a nerve-related issue rather than a problem with the low back muscles, sacroiliac ligaments, or tight quadriceps muscles.

Explanation

An intense pain in the low back on passively stretching the quadriceps with the client in a prone position indicates a problem in the L3 nerve root compression. This is because the L3 nerve root supplies sensation and motor function to the quadriceps muscles. When there is compression or irritation of the L3 nerve root, it can cause pain in the low back when the quadriceps are stretched. This suggests that there may be a nerve-related issue rather than a problem with the low back muscles, sacroiliac ligaments, or tight quadriceps muscles.

4.

Sacroiliac ligaments

Quadratus Lumborum muscle

Piriformis muscle

Iliolumbar ligaments

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Explanation

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5.

An S2 nerve root compression

An injury to the intestines and/or the bladder

An S4 nerve root compression

An L5 radiculopathy

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Explanation

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6. If the psoas is weak when tested, which nerve root or roots are implicated?

L2 and L3

L4 and L5

L5

L4

Weakness in the psoas muscle indicates a problem with the nerve roots that innervate it. The psoas muscle is primarily innervated by the L2 and L3 nerve roots. Therefore, if the psoas is weak when tested, it suggests that there may be an issue with the L2 and L3 nerve roots.

Explanation

Weakness in the psoas muscle indicates a problem with the nerve roots that innervate it. The psoas muscle is primarily innervated by the L2 and L3 nerve roots. Therefore, if the psoas is weak when tested, it suggests that there may be an issue with the L2 and L3 nerve roots.

7.

Quadratus lumborum strain

Bilateral iliolumbar ligament sprain

L5 facet syndrome

Suprasacral ligament sprain

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Explanation

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8.

True

False

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Explanation

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9. If there is pain in the left side of the genitalia when side flexing to the right, what is the likely cause?

Sacrotuberous ligament sprain

A urilogical problem

An adductor strain

An iliolumbar ligament sprain

An iliolumbar ligament sprain is the likely cause of pain in the left side of the genitalia when side flexing to the right. The iliolumbar ligament connects the fifth lumbar vertebra to the iliac crest, and spraining this ligament can cause pain in the lower back and pelvic region. Since the pain is specifically on the left side of the genitalia, it suggests that the sprain is affecting the left iliolumbar ligament.

Explanation

An iliolumbar ligament sprain is the likely cause of pain in the left side of the genitalia when side flexing to the right. The iliolumbar ligament connects the fifth lumbar vertebra to the iliac crest, and spraining this ligament can cause pain in the lower back and pelvic region. Since the pain is specifically on the left side of the genitalia, it suggests that the sprain is affecting the left iliolumbar ligament.

10. The client complains of pain in the lower buttock radiating down the back of the thigh, lower leg and into the heel. Active flexion is the only motion that causes pain. What is most likely injured?

A gluteus medius muscle

Sacroiliac ligament

The sacrotuberous ligament

A hamstring injury

The sacrotuberous ligament is most likely injured because the client complains of pain in the lower buttock radiating down the back of the thigh, lower leg, and into the heel. The sacrotuberous ligament connects the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity and can cause pain in these areas when it is injured.

Explanation

The sacrotuberous ligament is most likely injured because the client complains of pain in the lower buttock radiating down the back of the thigh, lower leg, and into the heel. The sacrotuberous ligament connects the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity and can cause pain in these areas when it is injured.