Legal, Ethical And Cultural Considerations Quiz

The statement is true because control of pain, preservation of dignity and self-worth, love, and belonging are indeed crucial needs of a dying client. Pain control is essential to ensure the client's comfort and improve their quality of life. Preserving their dignity and self-worth allows them to maintain their sense of identity and autonomy, even in their final moments. Love and belonging provide emotional support and a sense of connection, which can greatly impact the client's overall well-being during this vulnerable time. These needs should be prioritized and addressed to provide the best possible care for the dying client.

The given statement is true because it highlights the impact of socioeconomic factors on health outcomes. It explains that disparities in health outcomes between the rich and the poor can be attributed to social factors such as poverty and lack of universal medical insurance. These factors compromise the health status of the poor and unemployed, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. This explanation supports the correctness of the answer "True".

the ANA has established widely accepted codes that professional nurses attempt to follow

The correct order of negotiating an ethical dilemma is to start by gathering information, followed by assessment, identification of the problem, planning, implementation, and evaluation. This order ensures that the nurse has all the necessary information to understand the situation, assess the ethical implications, identify the core problem, develop a plan of action, implement the plan, and evaluate its effectiveness. This systematic approach helps the nurse make informed and ethical decisions in complex situations.

The nurse is obligated to follow a physician's order unless it is an error, violates hospital policy, or would be detrimental to the client. This means that if the order is incorrect, goes against the policies of the hospital, or would harm the client in any way, the nurse is not required to follow it. Verbal orders, illegible orders, and orders that have not been transcribed are not mentioned as exceptions to following physician's orders in this scenario.

To be effective in meeting various ethnic needs, it is important for the nurse to be aware of clients' cultural differences. This means understanding and respecting the unique beliefs, values, practices, and traditions of different cultures. By being aware of these differences, the nurse can provide culturally sensitive care that is tailored to each individual's needs and preferences. This helps to promote effective communication, build trust, and ensure that the client's cultural needs are met. Treating all clients alike, acting as if the nurse is comfortable with the client's behavior, or avoiding questions about the client's cultural background may overlook or dismiss important cultural considerations, leading to ineffective care.

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance. It mandates that all individuals have equal access to healthcare services, regardless of their race or religion. This means that healthcare providers cannot deny or limit services based on these factors, ensuring that everyone has fair and equal access to medical care.

Ethnocentrism refers to the belief that one's own culture or ethnic group is superior to others. This mindset often leads to biases and prejudices, as individuals tend to judge other cultures based on their own standards and values. By assuming that their own culture is the standard by which all others should be measured, people may develop negative attitudes and discriminatory behaviors towards those who are different from them. Therefore, it can be argued that ethnocentrism is indeed the root cause of biases and prejudices.

The dominant value in American society of individual autonomy and self-determination can create conflicts with diverse groups because it prioritizes personal freedom and independence over the needs and interests of marginalized communities. This can lead to a lack of understanding and empathy towards different perspectives and experiences, perpetuating inequality and discrimination.

The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is no gross negligence.

The nurse is responsible for clarifying all orders that are illegible, unreasonable, unsafe, or incorrect. The failure of the nurse to question the physician about an order creates an area of liability on the nurse’s part because this is perceived as a medical action and not the role of the nurse to write orders.

The statement is true because North American society places a strong emphasis on individualism and self-reliance. People are encouraged to take personal responsibility for their own health and well-being, and there is a belief that individuals have the ability to achieve and maintain good health through their own actions. This value orientation is reflected in the emphasis on personal choices, self-care practices, and the importance of individual autonomy in healthcare decision-making.

In the anger stage of Kubler-Ross’s stages of dying, the individual resists the loss and may strike out at everyone and everything, in this case, the nurse.

You may only perform functions that you are licensed to perform while on the job.

The stages of dying according to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. These stages represent the emotional and psychological responses that individuals may go through when faced with their own impending death or the death of a loved one. Denial is the initial stage where individuals may refuse to accept the reality of the situation. Anger follows, as individuals may feel frustrated and resentful. Bargaining involves seeking ways to postpone or change the outcome. Depression is a stage of sadness and grief. Finally, acceptance is the stage where individuals come to terms with the situation and find peace.

The body of the deceased should be prepared before the family comes in to view and say their goodbyes. This includes removing all equipment, tubes, supplies, and dirty linens according to protocol, bathing the client, applying clean sheets, and removing trash from the room.

Accept the assignment but make a protest in writing to the administration

Nurses strengthen their ability to advocate for a client when nurses are able to identify personal values and then accurately identify the values of the client and articulate the client’s point of view.

The physician is RESPONSIBLE for obtaining informed consent. The nurse can witness that the signature was obtained by the patient.

7. A. This set of ethical principles provides the professional guidelines established by the ANA to maintain the highest standards for ideal conduct in practice. As a profession, the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for accountability and responsibility of each nurse within the practice setting.

Grief is manifested in a variety of ways that are unique to an individual and based on personal experiences, cultural expectations, and spiritual beliefs. The sequencing of stages or behaviors of grief may occur in order, they may be skipped, or they may reoccur. The amount of time to resolve grief also varies among individuals.

In evaluating the degree of heritage consistency in a client, gender is not included. Evaluating heritage consistency typically involves examining factors such as ethnicity, religion, and culture, as these aspects are closely tied to a person's heritage and identity. However, gender is not considered a factor in heritage consistency as it is a separate aspect of a person's identity that is not directly related to their cultural heritage.

The nurse knows that the first step in helping the parents resolve the ethical conflict is to collect all available information about the situation. By gathering all the relevant information, the nurse can provide the parents with a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks, benefits, and uncertainties associated with the proposed surgery. This will enable the parents to make a more informed decision and weigh the potential outcomes for their seriously ill newborn. Clarifying values and identifying people who can solve the difficulty may come later in the process, but initially, collecting information is crucial for making an informed decision.

Without assessment and identification of the cultural needs, the nurse cannot begin to understand how these might influence the health problem or health care management.

The goal of palliative care is the prevention, relief, reduction, or soothing of symptoms of disease or disorders without effecting a cure. Hospice care occurs for those who have less than 6 months to live.

The client's right to refuse treatment falls under civil laws. Civil laws pertain to the legal rights and responsibilities of individuals in society. In this case, the right to refuse treatment is a fundamental aspect of an individual's autonomy and personal decision-making. Civil laws protect and uphold these rights, ensuring that individuals have the freedom to make choices about their own medical treatment without interference or coercion from others.

The nurse must ensure that "safe, effective care" is provided in accordance with the Nurse Practice Act (NPA). The NPA is a set of laws and regulations that govern the practice of nursing in a specific state or jurisdiction. It outlines the scope of practice, defines the legal responsibilities and obligations of nurses, and sets standards for safe and competent care. By adhering to the NPA, the nurse ensures that they are practicing within the legal and ethical boundaries of their profession, promoting patient safety, and providing high-quality care. The other options, such as the American Nursing Association (ANA), National Council for Licensure Examinations, and State Board of Licensure, may provide guidance and support for nursing practice, but the NPA is the primary authority that governs nursing practice.

Statutory law is created by legislatures. These bodies enact statutes such as the NPA, which defines the role of the nurse and expectations of the nurse's performance of his or her duties and explains what is contraindicated as guidelines for the breach of those regulations. Regulatory law or administrative law is created by an administrative body such as the Board of Nursing, which passes rules and regulations. Common law is created by judicial decisions in court based on individual cases that are decided. Criminal law prevents harm to society and provides punishment for crimes.

A. Stereotyping an “old man” as “nasty”is a gender bias and an ageism issue. The nurse is verbalizing a negative descriptor about the client.

Loss may be maturational, situational, or both

B. Transcultural care means that by understanding and learning about specific cultural practices the nurse can integrate these practices into the plan of care for a specific individual client who has the same beliefs or practices to meet the client’s needs in a holistic manner of care.

Spending time to let clients share their life experiences enables the nurse to know clients better. Knowing clients then facilitates choice of therapies that promote client decision making and autonomy, thus promoting a client’s self-esteem and dignity.

To respect a client's personal space and territoriality, the nurse explains nursing care and procedures. This is because explaining the care and procedures helps the client understand what will be done and gives them a sense of control and involvement in their own care. It also allows the client to anticipate and prepare for any discomfort or pain that may be experienced during the procedure. By providing clear explanations, the nurse respects the client's autonomy and promotes a trusting and respectful relationship between the nurse and the client.

If a hospital fails to follow ADA guidelines for meeting the special needs of persons with disabilities, the facility loses funding and become ineligible to receive low-income loans or reimbursement of expenses. ADA protects the civil rights of disabled people. Its provisions apply to both hospital clients and hospital staff.

Cultural awareness is an in-depth examination of one’s own background, recognizing biases and prejudices and assumptions about other people

Cultural competence is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes that ensure delivery of culturally congruent care.

Justice refers to fairness. Health care providers agree to strive for justice in health care. The term often is used during discussions about resources. Decisions about who should receive available organs are always difficult.

When providing care to clients with varied cultural backgrounds, it is important for the nurse to recognize that generalizations about the behavior of a particular group may be inaccurate. Cultural diversity means that individuals within a cultural group may have different beliefs, values, and behaviors. Making assumptions based on stereotypes or generalizations can lead to misunderstandings and ineffective care. Nurses should approach each client as an individual and take the time to understand their unique cultural background and preferences.

The correct answer is that the ethics committee is an additional resource for clients and health care professionals. This means that the committee does not replace decision-making by the client and health care providers, but rather provides support and guidance in addressing ethical issues. It also suggests that the committee does not relieve health care professionals from dealing with ethical issues entirely, but rather offers assistance and expertise in navigating these complex situations.

Health care issues often become ethical dilemmas because the choices involved do not appear to be clearly right or wrong. In healthcare, professionals often face complex situations where there may be multiple valid perspectives or conflicting values. These dilemmas arise when deciding on treatment options, allocation of resources, privacy concerns, or end-of-life decisions. The absence of a clear-cut solution makes it challenging to make ethical decisions, as they require careful consideration of various factors and potential consequences.

2. D. Without understanding one’s own beliefs and values, bias or preconceived belief by the nurse could create an unexpected conflict or an area of neglect in the plan of care for a client (who might be expecting something totally different from the care). During assessment values, beliefs, practices should be identified by the nurse and used as a guide to identifying the choices by the nurse to meet the specific needs/outcomes of that client. Therefore identification of values, beliefs, and practices allows for planning meaningful and beneficial care specific for this client.

B. The ethical issue was the inequality of treatment based strictly upon racial differences. Secondly, the drug was deliberately withheld even after results showed that the drug was working to cure the disease process in the white men for many years. So after many years, the black men were still not treated despite the outcome of the research process that showed the drug to be effective in controlling the disease early in the beginning of the research project. Therefore harm was done. Nonmaleficence, veracity, and justice were not followed.

Statutory law

C. Cultural practices do not influence bio-cultural needs because they are inborn risks that are related to a biological need and not a learned cultural belief or practice.

Battery is physical in nature. Assault is a threat.

Justice is defined as the fairness of distribution of resources. However, guidelines for a hierarchy of needs have been established, such as with organ transplantation. Nurses are moved to areas of greatest need when shortages occur on the floors. No floor is left without staff, and another floor that had five staff will give up two to go help the floor that had no staff.

D. If the hospital fails to follow ADA guidelines for meeting special needs, the facility loses funding and status for receiving low-income loans or reimbursement of expenses. ADA protects the civil rights of disabled people. It applies to both the hospital clients and hospital staff. Privacy issues for persons who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been one issue in relationship to getting information when hospital staff have been exposed to unclean sticks. The ADA allows the infected client the right to choose whether or not to disclose that information.

The correct answer is "The inner feeling and outward reactions of the survivor." This definition of bereavement encompasses both the internal emotions and external expressions that a person experiences after a loss. It acknowledges that bereavement involves not only the inner feelings of grief and sadness but also the outward reactions such as crying, mourning, or expressing emotions in various ways. This definition recognizes that bereavement is a complex and multifaceted process involving both internal and external aspects of grieving.

The philosophy of care ethics emphasizes the importance of relationships in solving ethical dilemmas. It suggests that ethical decisions should be based on the consideration of the relationships involved, such as the relationship between the individuals affected by the dilemma. This approach prioritizes empathy, compassion, and understanding in decision-making, recognizing that the well-being and needs of individuals within these relationships should be taken into account. By focusing on relationships, this philosophy encourages a more holistic and contextual understanding of ethical dilemmas, promoting a more compassionate and caring approach to decision-making.

nurses develop a relationship to the client that is unique among all professional health care providers.