John Locke Quiz 2012-13

The term "power" when referring to governments means the ability to control or direct someone or something. This refers to the authority and influence that governments have over their citizens and the ability to make decisions and enforce laws. It encompasses the ability to govern and make decisions that impact the lives of individuals and society as a whole.

The term "state of nature" refers to a situation where there are no governments or laws. This means that individuals exist in a society without any form of authority or regulations to govern their actions. In this state, people have complete freedom but also face the challenges of maintaining order and resolving conflicts without any established legal system. It is a theoretical concept often used in political philosophy to explore the hypothetical conditions of human existence before the establishment of social contracts and governments.

John Locke believed that the main purpose of government is to protect our natural rights. He argued that individuals possess inherent rights to life, liberty, and property, and it is the government's responsibility to safeguard these rights. Locke emphasized that governments are established by the consent of the governed and should exist to serve and protect the interests of the people. Therefore, protecting our natural rights is crucial for a just and legitimate government according to Locke's philosophy.

The correct answer is "when you approve something or allow something to take place". Consent refers to giving permission or approval for something to happen or be done. It implies a voluntary agreement or acceptance of a particular action or decision. It involves giving one's consent or authorization for something to occur, indicating a willingness to participate or allow a certain course of action.

John Locke, a prominent philosopher during the Enlightenment period, argued that individuals possess natural rights that are inherent to their existence. These natural rights include the right to life, liberty, and property. Locke believed that individuals have the right to protect their own lives, enjoy personal freedoms, and possess and utilize property as a means to secure their well-being. This concept of natural rights was influential in shaping modern democratic societies and the idea of individual rights and freedoms.

Authority refers to the possession of power and the legitimate right to exercise that power. It implies having the ability to make decisions, enforce rules, and control others within a specific context or domain. Unlike force, which may involve coercion or physical strength, authority is based on consent and recognition from others. In a state of nature, there is no established authority or governing body, while alternative suggests an alternative option or choice, which is not directly related to the concept of power and its legitimate use.

John Locke, a philosopher, argued that individuals enter into a social contract, an agreement, to form a government and abide by its laws. This social contract is a voluntary agreement among individuals to establish a society in which they surrender some of their freedoms in exchange for protection of their natural rights. Locke believed that this contract was essential for a just and orderly society, where the government's authority is derived from the consent of the governed. Therefore, the correct answer is "social contract."