Jj Ure 3 Non D

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1. (416) What do you do with ultrasonic instruments if you find malfunctions or discrepancies not covered in the current technical manual or the unit does not meet acceptable criteria and you cannot make adjustments?

Explanation

If you encounter malfunctions or discrepancies with ultrasonic instruments that are not addressed in the technical manual or if the unit does not meet acceptable criteria and cannot be adjusted, the correct course of action is to refer to the precision measurement equipment laboratory (PMEL). PMEL is responsible for calibrating, repairing, and maintaining precision measurement equipment, so they would be the appropriate authority to address these issues. Sending the unit back to the manufacturer, giving it to your supervisor, or turning it into supply would not be the correct actions in this situation.

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About This Quiz
Jj Ure 3 Non D - Quiz

Unit review 3 NDI

2. (420) Which process control has a mark on the side of the transducer indicating an imaginary line through the exit point of the beam that intersects the side of the wedge?

Explanation

Angle beam point of incidence (POI) is the correct answer because the mark on the side of the transducer indicates the imaginary line through the exit point of the beam that intersects the side of the wedge. This mark helps in determining the point of incidence of the angle beam, which is the location where the sound beam enters the material being tested. By knowing the point of incidence, accurate measurements and calculations can be made in angle beam inspections.

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3. (418) Indications on an ultrasonic waveform display determine the

Explanation

The indications on an ultrasonic waveform display determine the location of a discontinuity. This means that when there is a break or inconsistency in the material being tested, the waveform display will show a specific location where this discontinuity is present. This information is crucial for identifying and assessing potential flaws or defects in the material.

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4. (403) What happens when a eddy current probe coil arrangement is closer to the test surface?

Explanation

When an eddy current probe coil arrangement is closer to the test surface, the sensitivity of the probe increases. This means that the probe becomes more capable of detecting smaller cracks. The closer proximity allows the probe to detect even the tiniest cracks with greater accuracy and precision. Therefore, small cracks can be detected due to the increased sensitivity of the eddy current probe coil arrangement.

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5. (402) Eddy current inspection can do all of the following except?

Explanation

Eddy current inspection is a non-destructive testing method that uses electromagnetic induction to detect surface and near-surface flaws or defects in conductive materials. It is effective in detecting discontinuities in materials, determining material properties, and measuring the thickness of thin metals, conductive coatings, and non-conductive coatings. However, it is not suitable for detecting all subsurface cracks as it primarily focuses on surface and near-surface defects. Therefore, the correct answer is "Detect all subsurface cracks."

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6. (421) What is the adhesive in any lap joint assembly called?

Explanation

The adhesive in any lap joint assembly is called the bond line. The bond line refers to the area where the adhesive is applied to join two surfaces together. It is the interface between the adhesive and the materials being bonded. The bond line plays a crucial role in the strength and durability of the joint, as it is responsible for transmitting the applied loads and providing structural integrity.

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7. (418) Assess the outer edges of discontinuities by noting the positions of the center of the transducer when the signal amplitude from the discontinuity reduces to the value of

Explanation

When assessing the outer edges of discontinuities, it is important to note the position of the center of the transducer when the signal amplitude from the discontinuity reduces to 1/2 its peak value. This is because the point at which the signal amplitude reaches 1/2 its peak can indicate the location of the outer edges of the discontinuity. By identifying this point, one can accurately determine the size and position of the defect or flaw being examined.

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8. (421) What material is made of a fibrous material embedded in a resin matrix?

Explanation

Composite materials are made of a fibrous material embedded in a resin matrix. This combination of materials creates a strong and lightweight material that is commonly used in various industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction. The fibrous material, such as carbon fiber or fiberglass, provides the strength and stiffness, while the resin matrix holds the fibers together and provides protection. This makes composite materials ideal for applications where high strength and low weight are required.

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9. (407) Modulation analysis is useful in separating signals of interest from other signals and relies on the analysis of what?

Explanation

Modulation analysis is useful in separating signals of interest from other signals. This process relies on the analysis of time, as it involves examining the variations and changes in the signal over time. By studying the time domain characteristics of the signal, such as its amplitude, phase, and frequency variations, modulation analysis can help distinguish the desired signals from unwanted interference or noise.

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10. (422) What are the principle load-carrying components in bonded or composite structures?

Explanation

In bonded or composite structures, fibers are the principle load-carrying components. Fibers are strong and provide the structural integrity to the composite material. They are usually made of materials such as carbon, glass, or aramid, and are embedded in a matrix material such as thermosets or thermoplastics. The fibers bear the majority of the load in the structure, while the matrix material provides support and protection to the fibers. This combination of fibers and matrix creates a lightweight and strong material that is commonly used in industries such as aerospace and automotive.

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11. (413) What electronically compensates for material attenuation?

Explanation

Distance amplitude correction (DAC) electronically compensates for material attenuation. Material attenuation refers to the reduction in the amplitude of an ultrasonic wave as it travels through a material. DAC adjusts the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal based on the distance traveled, compensating for the loss of signal strength due to attenuation. This ensures that the received signal accurately represents the true condition of the material being inspected, allowing for more accurate flaw detection and measurement.

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12. (414) What moves the part surface out of the dead zone, thereby improving near-surface resolution?

Explanation

Delay lines are used to move the part surface out of the dead zone, which is an area where the resolution is poor. By using delay lines, the ultrasound waves can travel a longer distance before reaching the part surface, allowing for better near-surface resolution. Contact transducers are not responsible for improving near-surface resolution.

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13. (410) What is the advancement of a wave through a medium by transferring energy from one molecule to another?

Explanation

Propagation is the correct answer because it refers to the advancement of a wave through a medium by transferring energy from one molecule to another. This process involves the wave moving through the medium, causing the molecules to vibrate and transfer energy to neighboring molecules, thus allowing the wave to propagate or travel through the medium.

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14. (410) Ultrasonic vibrations generate by applying electrical energy to what part of the transducer?

Explanation

Ultrasonic vibrations are generated by applying electrical energy to the piezoelectric element of the transducer. Piezoelectric materials have the ability to convert electrical energy into mechanical vibrations, and vice versa. When an electric current is applied to the piezoelectric element, it undergoes deformation and produces ultrasonic vibrations. These vibrations are then transmitted through the transducer and used for various applications such as medical imaging, non-destructive testing, and cleaning. The other options, test part, vacuum, and wedge, are not directly involved in generating ultrasonic vibrations.

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15. (407) While repeatedly scanning the 0.020 inch notch on an aluminum standard, vertical and horizontal gain must be increased to reach how much of the full screen height during initial nulling?

Explanation

To reach the initial nulling of the 0.020 inch notch on an aluminum standard, both the vertical and horizontal gain need to be increased. This indicates that the notch is not initially visible on the full screen height. Out of the given options, the correct answer is 80 percent, which suggests that the gain needs to be increased to 80 percent of the full screen height in order to null the notch.

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16. (413) What reduces irrelevant low-level signals and noise on the waveform display?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Reject". Reject reduces irrelevant low-level signals and noise on the waveform display. By rejecting these signals, the display becomes clearer and more focused on the desired signals, allowing for better analysis and interpretation.

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17. (403) Which type of eddy current coil has differential sensors that are directionally sensitive and provide detection of crack tips?

Explanation

A conformal coil is a type of eddy current coil that has differential sensors which are directionally sensitive. This means that they can detect the direction of crack tips. Therefore, a conformal coil is able to provide detection of crack tips. Contact coils, inside diameter coils, and outside diameter coils do not have this directional sensitivity and therefore cannot provide the same level of crack tip detection as a conformal coil.

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18. (409) Conductivity is commonly measured in units of

Explanation

Conductivity is commonly measured in units of mho, which is the reciprocal of ohms. Mho is the unit of conductance, which is the measure of how easily an electric current flows through a material. It is the inverse of resistance, measured in ohms. The higher the conductivity, the lower the resistance, indicating a better conductor of electricity. Hence, mho is the correct unit for measuring conductivity.

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19. (417) Which data presentation displays signal amplitudes in various color schemes?

Explanation

A C-scan is a type of data presentation that displays signal amplitudes in various color schemes. It is commonly used in medical imaging and non-destructive testing to visualize the internal structure of an object. In a C-scan, different colors represent different signal amplitudes, allowing for easier identification and analysis of abnormalities or variations in the scanned object. A-scan, B-scan, and D-scan are different types of data presentations that do not specifically use color schemes to display signal amplitudes.

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20. (409) Alloy effects on conductivity are caused by all of these except?

Explanation

Alloy effects on conductivity are caused by annealing, solution heat-treating, and precipitation hardening. Cold working, on the other hand, does not have a significant effect on conductivity. Cold working refers to the process of deforming a metal at room temperature, which can increase its strength but may also introduce dislocations and distortions in the crystal lattice. These dislocations can hinder the movement of electrons and therefore negatively impact conductivity.

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21. (424) What uses laser-based imaging to detect, measure, and analyze surface and subsurface irregularities in materials or structures?

Explanation

Shearography interferometry uses laser-based imaging to detect, measure, and analyze surface and subsurface irregularities in materials or structures. It is a non-destructive testing method that can identify defects such as delaminations, disbonds, and cracks. By using laser beams to create interference patterns on the surface of the material, shearography can accurately detect and quantify structural flaws. This technique is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing for quality control and inspection purposes.

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22. (401) What produces an alternating magnetic field in eddy current testing?

Explanation

In eddy current testing, a probe is used to produce an alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field induces eddy currents in the material being tested, which can then be detected and analyzed to assess the material's properties or detect any defects. The probe is designed to generate the required magnetic field and is an essential component of the eddy current testing process.

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23. (417) What ultrasonic technique inspects thin test parts when the dead zone prevents an inspection with another method?

Explanation

Through-transmission ultrasonic technique is used to inspect thin test parts when the dead zone prevents an inspection with another method. In through-transmission, two transducers are used, one on each side of the test part. One transducer emits ultrasonic waves, while the other receives them. If there are any defects or abnormalities in the test part, the ultrasonic waves will be attenuated or reflected, indicating a flaw. This technique is particularly useful for thin parts because the dead zone, which is the area close to the transducer where accurate measurements cannot be obtained, can be avoided by using two separate transducers.

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24. (413) What is a fine-delay control used to compensate for transducer faceplate wear?

Explanation

A fine-delay control is used to compensate for transducer faceplate wear by adjusting the zero offset. As the transducer faceplate wears over time, the zero offset can change, leading to inaccurate measurements. By using the fine-delay control, the zero offset can be adjusted to ensure that the measurements remain accurate despite the wear on the transducer faceplate.

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25. (411) What is the term for a change in direction of an ultrasonic beam as it passes through the interface between two materials with different acoustic velocity?

Explanation

Refraction is the term used to describe the change in direction of an ultrasonic beam as it passes through the interface between two materials with different acoustic velocity. This phenomenon occurs due to the change in speed of the sound waves as they transition from one medium to another. Refraction is commonly observed when ultrasound waves pass through tissues of varying densities in medical imaging applications.

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26. (404) Eddy current instruments must have all of these capabilities except?

Explanation

Eddy current instruments are used for non-destructive testing and inspection. They rely on the interaction between an alternating magnetic field and electrical currents induced in conductive materials. In order for these instruments to be effective, they need to have low noise to ensure accurate measurements, sensitivity to detect small variations in the material being tested, and ruggedness to withstand harsh environments. Dependability, on the other hand, is not a required capability for eddy current instruments as it refers to the reliability and consistency of the instrument's performance over time.

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27. (422) What is an adhesive that bonds fibers to each other and gives side-to-side support?

Explanation

A matrix is an adhesive that bonds fibers to each other and provides side-to-side support. It acts as a glue or binder that holds the fibers together, creating a strong and cohesive structure. The matrix material fills the spaces between the fibers, providing support and stability to the overall composite material. This allows for efficient load transfer and enhances the mechanical properties of the composite.

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28. (405) How do you remove dust when cleaning an eddy current instrument?

Explanation

To remove dust when cleaning an eddy current instrument, it is recommended to use a lint-free cloth. This type of cloth is designed to pick up dust particles without leaving any lint behind, ensuring a thorough and clean surface. Using a lint-free cloth minimizes the risk of introducing additional contaminants or damaging the instrument during the cleaning process.

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29. (412) During beam spread, sound extends outward from the transducer and does what to intensity and distance?

Explanation

During beam spread, sound waves spread out as they travel away from the transducer. This spreading causes the intensity of the sound waves to decrease with increasing distance. As the sound waves spread out over a larger area, the same amount of energy is distributed over a larger area, resulting in a decrease in intensity. Therefore, the correct answer is "Decreases in intensity with increasing distance."

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30. (407) What is the name of the location on an impedance plane at which an eddy current instrument is usually called the "good" or reference condition?

Explanation

The null-point is the location on an impedance plane at which an eddy current instrument is usually called the "good" or reference condition. At the null-point, the impedance of the eddy current instrument is balanced, resulting in a minimal or zero output signal. This reference condition allows for accurate measurements and calibration of the instrument.

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31. (402) When a test coil is moved away from a part due to lift-off, magnetic coupling between the test coil and inspection part

Explanation

When a test coil is moved away from a part due to lift-off, the magnetic coupling between the test coil and inspection part is decreased. This is because the distance between the test coil and the part increases, leading to a decrease in the strength of the magnetic field that links the two. As a result, the magnetic coupling, which represents the degree of interaction between the coil and the part, decreases.

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32. (407) What type of filter removes the low frequency components of the eddy current signal from the bridge?

Explanation

A high-pass filter is used to remove low frequency components from a signal, allowing only the high frequency components to pass through. In the context of eddy current signals, which are typically used in non-destructive testing to detect surface defects or measure conductivity, a high-pass filter would be employed to eliminate any low frequency noise or interference that may be present in the signal. This filtering process helps to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the eddy current measurements by focusing on the relevant high frequency information.

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33. (404) What is used to detect disturbances in the magnetic field produced by passing an alternating current in a thin planar foil of doped yttrium iron garnet?

Explanation

Magneto-optic imaging is used to detect disturbances in the magnetic field produced by passing an alternating current in a thin planar foil of doped yttrium iron garnet. This technique combines the principles of magnetism and optics to visualize magnetic fields. By using a magneto-optic material, such as yttrium iron garnet, changes in the magnetic field can be observed as changes in the polarization state of light passing through the material. This allows for the detection and imaging of magnetic field disturbances, making magneto-optic imaging the correct answer.

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34. (415) Which couplant is authorized for use without specific engineering approval?

Explanation

Gel is the authorized couplant for use without specific engineering approval.

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35. (408) What type of defects are usually caused by repeated cyclic loading of a structure at lower stress levels than required for visible deformation in fastener holes?

Explanation

Fatigue cracks are usually caused by repeated cyclic loading of a structure at lower stress levels than required for visible deformation in fastener holes. This type of loading gradually weakens the material, leading to the formation of small cracks that can eventually grow and cause failure. Fatigue cracks are a common type of defect in structures subjected to cyclic loading, such as aircraft, bridges, and machinery. They can be difficult to detect visually, but their presence can significantly compromise the structural integrity of the affected component.

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36. (425) Which bond testing method finds voids 1 1/2 inch diameter or larger in metal-or-metal, composite-to- metal, or thin facing-sheet honeycomb assemblies?

Explanation

Tap testing is a bond testing method that can detect voids 1 1/2 inch diameter or larger in metal-or-metal, composite-to-metal, or thin facing-sheet honeycomb assemblies. This method involves tapping or striking the surface of the assembly and listening for differences in the sound produced. If there is a void or a defect in the bond, it will produce a different sound compared to a solid bond. Therefore, tap testing is a suitable method for detecting larger voids in these types of assemblies.

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37. (417) Which inspection technique will you use when inspecting around fastener holes, cylindrical components, skins, and welds?

Explanation

The correct answer is Angle beam. Angle beam inspection technique is commonly used when inspecting around fastener holes, cylindrical components, skins, and welds. This technique involves sending sound waves at an angle into the material being inspected, allowing for better detection of flaws and defects in these specific areas.

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38. (424) Shearography creates images showing the first derivative of the out-of-plane deformation of the test part surface in response to a change in load by using

Explanation

Shearography is a non-destructive testing technique that uses cameras to create images showing the first derivative of the out-of-plane deformation of a test part surface. The cameras capture the surface deformation caused by a change in load, and this information is processed by an image-processing computer to generate the shearogram images. Lasers are often used in conjunction with cameras and interferometers to provide the necessary illumination and interference patterns for shearography, but they are not directly responsible for creating the images themselves.

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39. (419) According to TO 33B-1-2 Nondestructive Inspection General Procedures and Process Controls, when do you complete all ultrasonic process controls?

Explanation

According to TO 33B-1-2 Nondestructive Inspection General Procedures and Process Controls, all ultrasonic process controls are completed on a quarterly basis. This means that the controls, which are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic inspections, are performed every three months. This regular schedule allows for consistent monitoring and adjustment of the equipment and procedures to maintain high-quality results.

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40. (412) Extending from the face of the transducer is an area characterized by wide variations in sound beam intensity known as

Explanation

The correct answer is near field. The near field refers to the area close to the transducer where the sound beam is still converging and has not yet fully formed. In this region, there are wide variations in sound beam intensity due to the focusing of the beam. This area is important for imaging as it provides detailed resolution and allows for the detection of small structures.

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41. (419) What is the maximum readable length of deflection determined either by an electrical or physical limit in the A-scan presentation of an ultrasonic testing instrument?

Explanation

The maximum readable length of deflection in the A-scan presentation of an ultrasonic testing instrument is determined by the horizontal limit. This refers to the maximum distance that can be displayed on the horizontal axis of the A-scan graph. It represents the physical or electrical limit of the instrument's display capabilities, indicating the furthest point that can be accurately measured and displayed.

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42. (422) Which fiber has high tensile and compression strength and a lack of galvanic corrosion potential, which makes it popular for repairs?

Explanation

Boron fiber has high tensile and compression strength, meaning it can withstand a lot of force and pressure without breaking. It also lacks galvanic corrosion potential, which means it does not corrode when in contact with other metals. These properties make boron fiber popular for repairs because it can provide strength and durability while avoiding potential corrosion issues.

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43. (412) Acoustic pressure directly relates to what in the material particle vibrations caused by sound waves?

Explanation

Acoustic pressure directly relates to the amplitude of the material particle vibrations caused by sound waves. Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position as it oscillates due to the sound wave. The greater the amplitude, the higher the acoustic pressure, resulting in a louder sound. Therefore, amplitude is the correct answer in this context.

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44. (419) Which reference blocks are used for the system sensitivity check?

Explanation

The American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Reference Blocks are used for the system sensitivity check. These blocks are specifically designed and manufactured to meet the ASTM standards, ensuring their accuracy and reliability. They serve as a benchmark for evaluating the performance of the system and its ability to detect and measure flaws or defects in materials. Using these standardized reference blocks allows for consistent and comparable results across different testing systems and laboratories.

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45. (419) Which type of frequency transducers are used for the back surface resolution control checks?

Explanation

Transducers with a frequency of 2.25 MHz or above are used for back surface resolution control checks. This means that the frequency of the transducer should be higher than 2.25 MHz in order to effectively perform the resolution control checks on the back surface.

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46. (425) When visually assessing the integrity of bonds in honeycomb panels, what could indicate a delamination between sheets and core material?

Explanation

Buckling or dents in the face or back sheet could indicate a delamination between sheets and core material in honeycomb panels. This is because delamination can cause the sheets and core material to separate, leading to deformation such as buckling or dents in the face or back sheet. These deformations are visible signs that the bond between the sheets and core material has been compromised.

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47. (420) The angle of new and used ultrasonic transducers should be maintained within how many degrees of what is required to perform an ultrasonic inspection?

Explanation

The angle of new and used ultrasonic transducers should be maintained within two degrees of what is required to perform an ultrasonic inspection. This is important because any deviation beyond this range can result in inaccurate readings and potentially compromise the effectiveness of the inspection. By ensuring that the angle is within two degrees of the required angle, the transducers can accurately transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, allowing for reliable and precise inspections.

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48. (415) Which American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) block would you use if you have a 7075 aluminum block with a 3/64 inch diameter hole and a 3.0 inch metal travel distance?

Explanation

The correct answer, 7075-3-0300, indicates that the ASTM block to be used is made of 7075 aluminum. The first number, 3, represents the diameter of the hole in 1/64 inch increments, which in this case is 3/64 inch. The second number, 0300, represents the metal travel distance in inches, which is 3.0 inches.

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49. (403) Which mode of operation has two small sensing coils wound side-by-side in the shape of two back-to-back capital D's?

Explanation

The correct answer is Differential. Differential mode of operation has two small sensing coils wound side-by-side in the shape of two back-to-back capital D's. This configuration allows the coils to detect any difference in the magnetic field between them, which is useful in applications where detecting small changes or variations is important.

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50. (406) Paint or other nonconductive coatings should be removed when in excess of how much of an inch?

Explanation

According to the given question, paint or other nonconductive coatings should be removed when they are in excess of 0.010 of an inch. This means that if the thickness of the paint or coating exceeds 0.010 of an inch, it should be removed.

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51. (401) Current that is flowing through a circuit is measured in

Explanation

The current flowing through a circuit is measured in amperes. Amperes, also known as amps, are the unit of measurement for electric current. It represents the rate at which electric charge flows in a circuit. Volts measure the electric potential difference, hertz measure the frequency of alternating current, and ohms measure the resistance in a circuit. However, in this case, the question specifically asks about the unit for measuring current, which is amperes.

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52. (419) What are the three system process controls required for ultrasonics?

Explanation

Ultrasonics require three system process controls: linearity, sensitivity, and resolution. Linearity ensures that the ultrasonic signal remains proportional to the depth of the flaw being inspected. Sensitivity refers to the ability of the system to detect small flaws or changes in material properties. Resolution is the ability to distinguish between closely spaced reflectors or flaws. These three controls are essential for accurate and reliable ultrasonic testing.

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53. (404) Eddy current instruments are designed to measure what three signal qualities?

Explanation

Eddy current instruments are designed to measure the amplitude, phase, and frequency of signals. Amplitude refers to the strength or intensity of the signal, phase indicates the relative position of the signal in a waveform, and frequency represents the number of cycles or oscillations of the signal per unit of time. These three signal qualities are important in analyzing and characterizing eddy currents, which are circular electrical currents induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field. By measuring these signal qualities, eddy current instruments can provide valuable information about the material properties, such as conductivity and magnetic permeability, as well as the presence of any discontinuities in the material.

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54. (423) Which of the following is true regarding reference standards?

Explanation

Reference standards are used as a benchmark for comparison in testing and analysis. They should be similar to the test part in terms of material, size, and adhesive. However, they should not duplicate the test part exactly. The reference standards should contain bonds of good quality, except for specific areas that are intentionally left unbonded for controlled purposes. This allows for accurate evaluation and comparison of the test results.

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55. (411) What is the angle between an incident longitudinal wave and a line normal to the surface called?

Explanation

The incident angle is the angle between an incident longitudinal wave and a line normal to the surface. This angle determines the direction in which the wave will be reflected or refracted upon encountering the surface.

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56. (409) Conductivity decreases about how much in percent International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) for a 20 degree Farenheit temperature increase for aluminum alloys?

Explanation

Conductivity decreases by one percent in the International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) for a 20 degree Fahrenheit temperature increase for aluminum alloys.

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57. (402) Effective depth of penetration is the depth in the inspection article at which the magnetic field strength or intensity of the induced eddy currents is reduced to what percent of the value at the surface?

Explanation

The effective depth of penetration refers to the depth in the inspection article where the magnetic field strength or intensity of the induced eddy currents is reduced to 5% of the value at the surface. This means that the magnetic field strength decreases as the depth increases, and at the effective depth of penetration, it is only 5% of its original value at the surface.

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58. (409) What is conductivity probe selection based on?

Explanation

Conductivity probe selection is based on thickness. The thickness of the material being tested determines the type of conductivity probe that should be used. Different probes are designed for different thickness ranges, and selecting the appropriate probe ensures accurate conductivity measurements.

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59. (426) Which bond testing method uses a delay line for better near surface resolution?

Explanation

The pulse-echo bond testing method uses a delay line for better near surface resolution. In this method, a pulse of energy is transmitted into the material being tested, and then the reflected pulse is detected. By analyzing the time it takes for the pulse to travel and return, the depth and integrity of the bond can be determined. The delay line helps to improve the resolution of the near surface area, allowing for more accurate testing and evaluation of the bond.

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60. (426) Which bond testing technique is based on absorption or energy loss in the bond line and core material?

Explanation

Ringing is a bond testing technique that is based on absorption or energy loss in the bond line and core material. When a bond is struck with an impulse or a force, it vibrates and produces a characteristic ringing sound. By analyzing the frequency and intensity of this sound, the quality and integrity of the bond can be determined. This technique is commonly used in non-destructive testing to assess the strength and reliability of bonds in various materials and industries.

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61. (427) Which bond testing technique applies continuous electrical energy to the transducer producing standing waves within the material that cause it to vibrate?

Explanation

Resonance is the correct answer because it is a bond testing technique that applies continuous electrical energy to the transducer, creating standing waves within the material. These standing waves cause the material to vibrate, allowing for the detection of any defects or inconsistencies in the bond.

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62. (423) What is an area within a bonded interface between two adherents in which the intended bonding action failed to take place called? 

Explanation

An area within a bonded interface between two adherents in which the intended bonding action failed to take place is called "Unbond".

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63. (401) What do you use to detect differences between permeability variations and cracks?

Explanation

Phase detection is used to detect differences between permeability variations and cracks. Phase detection is a technique that measures the phase shift of an electromagnetic wave as it passes through a material. By analyzing the phase shift, variations in the material's permeability can be detected. This method is particularly effective in identifying cracks, as they often cause changes in a material's permeability. Therefore, phase detection is a suitable method for detecting differences between permeability variations and cracks.

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64. (428) How do you clean your bondmaster when the front panel becomes soiled?

Explanation

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65. (402) What effect do surface eddy currents, the secondary field, and depth of penetration have on poor conductivity?

Explanation

Poor conductivity is affected by weaker surface eddy currents, weaker secondary field, and a greater depth of penetration. Surface eddy currents are induced currents that flow near the surface of a conductor and are responsible for energy losses. Weaker surface eddy currents indicate poor conductivity. The secondary field is the magnetic field produced by the eddy currents, and a weaker secondary field also indicates poor conductivity. A greater depth of penetration means that the eddy currents penetrate deeper into the material, indicating poor conductivity. Therefore, all three factors contribute to poor conductivity.

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66. (411) Which wave mode is used extensively for thickness inspections, corrosion thinning, and for the detection of other defects parallel to the inspection surface?

Explanation

Longitudinal wave mode is used extensively for thickness inspections, corrosion thinning, and for the detection of other defects parallel to the inspection surface. This is because longitudinal waves travel in the same direction as the wave propagation, allowing them to effectively penetrate through materials and provide accurate information about the thickness and condition of the inspected surface.

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67. (423) Which inspection technique(s) are used for far side skin to core disbonds?

Explanation

Through-transmission and MIA are the inspection techniques used for far side skin to core disbonds. Through-transmission involves transmitting ultrasound waves through the material and detecting any changes in the transmitted signal, which can indicate the presence of a disbonds. MIA, or Mechanical Impedance Analysis, involves measuring the mechanical impedance of the material and analyzing any deviations from the expected impedance, which can also indicate the presence of a disbonds. These techniques are commonly used in non-destructive testing to detect and assess the extent of disbonds in composite structures.

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68. (426) All of these inspections utilize bond testing with an ultrasonic unit except

Explanation

Resonance is the correct answer because it does not involve bond testing with an ultrasonic unit. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when an object vibrates at its natural frequency, and it is typically measured using different methods such as frequency response analysis or modal analysis. Bond testing with an ultrasonic unit, on the other hand, is a technique used to inspect the integrity of bonds between materials using ultrasonic waves. Therefore, resonance is the only option that does not fit the category of inspections utilizing bond testing with an ultrasonic unit.

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69. (408) Inspection for cracks, measurement of conductivity, or hardness can often be complicated by what two factors?

Explanation

Inspection for cracks, measurement of conductivity, or hardness can often be complicated by surface damage and manufacturing processes. Surface damage refers to any physical harm or alteration to the surface of the material being inspected, which can make it difficult to accurately assess its condition. Manufacturing processes, on the other hand, can introduce variations or defects into the material that affect its properties and make it harder to measure conductivity or hardness. Therefore, both surface damage and manufacturing processes can complicate the inspection and measurement processes.

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70. (408) The direction of tensile stress cracks are often analyzed by

Explanation

The direction of tensile stress cracks can be analyzed by conducting engineer stress tests on the part and studying the historical cracking patterns. By subjecting the part to controlled stress conditions and observing the resulting cracks, engineers can determine the direction in which the cracks propagate. Additionally, studying the historical cracking in the part can provide valuable insights into the behavior of tensile stress cracks and help in understanding their direction.

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71. (423) How thick are the discs of Teflon sheets that are placed over the adhesive areas of bonded standards for type I, II, III, and IV disbonds?

Explanation

The discs of Teflon sheets that are placed over the adhesive areas of bonded standards for type I, II, III, and IV disbonds are 0.006 inch thick.

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72. (427) Which bond testing method has a probe having mechanical lift-off adjustments that sets the air gap between the coil and the test surface to minimize the noise produced by probe scanning?

Explanation

Eddy sonic is the correct answer because it is a bond testing method that uses a probe with mechanical lift-off adjustments. These adjustments allow for setting the air gap between the coil and the test surface, which helps to minimize the noise produced by probe scanning.

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73. (419) Instruments are horizontally linear if all the values are equal within

Explanation

Instruments are considered horizontally linear if all the values are equal within 3.0 percent of the full-scale width. This means that the readings of the instrument should not deviate by more than 3.0 percent of the total width of the scale. This ensures that the instrument is accurate and consistent in measuring values along the horizontal axis.

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(416) What do you do with ultrasonic instruments if you find...
(420) Which process control has a mark on the side of the transducer...
(418) Indications on an ultrasonic waveform display determine the
(403) What happens when a eddy current probe coil arrangement is...
(402) Eddy current inspection can do all of the following except?
(421) What is the adhesive in any lap joint assembly called?
(418) Assess the outer edges of discontinuities by noting the...
(421) What material is made of a fibrous material embedded in a resin...
(407) Modulation analysis is useful in separating signals of interest...
(422) What are the principle load-carrying components in bonded or...
(413) What electronically compensates for material attenuation?
(414) What moves the part surface out of the dead zone, thereby...
(410) What is the advancement of a wave through a medium by...
(410) Ultrasonic vibrations generate by applying electrical energy to...
(407) While repeatedly scanning the 0.020 inch notch on an aluminum...
(413) What reduces irrelevant low-level signals and noise on the...
(403) Which type of eddy current coil has differential sensors that...
(409) Conductivity is commonly measured in units of
(417) Which data presentation displays signal amplitudes in various...
(409) Alloy effects on conductivity are caused by all of these except?
(424) What uses laser-based imaging to detect, measure, and analyze...
(401) What produces an alternating magnetic field in eddy current...
(417) What ultrasonic technique inspects thin test parts when the dead...
(413) What is a fine-delay control used to compensate for transducer...
(411) What is the term for a change in direction of an ultrasonic beam...
(404) Eddy current instruments must have all of these capabilities...
(422) What is an adhesive that bonds fibers to each other and gives...
(405) How do you remove dust when cleaning an eddy current instrument?
(412) During beam spread, sound extends outward from the transducer...
(407) What is the name of the location on an impedance plane at which...
(402) When a test coil is moved away from a part due to lift-off,...
(407) What type of filter removes the low frequency components of the...
(404) What is used to detect disturbances in the magnetic field...
(415) Which couplant is authorized for use without specific...
(408) What type of defects are usually caused by repeated cyclic...
(425) Which bond testing method finds voids 1 1/2 inch diameter or...
(417) Which inspection technique will you use when inspecting around...
(424) Shearography creates images showing the first derivative of the...
(419) According to TO 33B-1-2 Nondestructive Inspection General...
(412) Extending from the face of the transducer is an area...
(419) What is the maximum readable length of deflection...
(422) Which fiber has high tensile and compression strength and a lack...
(412) Acoustic pressure directly relates to what in the material...
(419) Which reference blocks are used for the system sensitivity...
(419) Which type of frequency transducers are used for the back...
(425) When visually assessing the integrity of bonds in honeycomb...
(420) The angle of new and used ultrasonic transducers should be...
(415) Which American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) block...
(403) Which mode of operation has two small sensing coils wound...
(406) Paint or other nonconductive coatings should be removed when in...
(401) Current that is flowing through a circuit is measured in
(419) What are the three system process controls required for...
(404) Eddy current instruments are designed to measure what three...
(423) Which of the following is true regarding reference standards?
(411) What is the angle between an incident longitudinal wave and a...
(409) Conductivity decreases about how much in percent International...
(402) Effective depth of penetration is the depth in the inspection...
(409) What is conductivity probe selection based on?
(426) Which bond testing method uses a delay line for better near...
(426) Which bond testing technique is based on absorption or energy...
(427) Which bond testing technique applies continuous electrical...
(423) What is an area within a bonded interface between two adherents...
(401) What do you use to detect differences between permeability...
(428) How do you clean your bondmaster when the front panel becomes...
(402) What effect do surface eddy currents, the secondary field, and...
(411) Which wave mode is used extensively for thickness inspections,...
(423) Which inspection technique(s) are used for far side skin to core...
(426) All of these inspections utilize bond testing with an ultrasonic...
(408) Inspection for cracks, measurement of conductivity, or hardness...
(408) The direction of tensile stress cracks are often analyzed by
(423) How thick are the discs of Teflon sheets that are placed over...
(427) Which bond testing method has a probe having mechanical lift-off...
(419) Instruments are horizontally linear if all the values are equal...
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