Introductory Psychology

1. Signet Air recently hired a psychologist to help redesign the cockpit of a new aircraft. The goal is to reduce the chance of pilot error in reading the instrument panel. The psychologist the company hired is most likely a:

Human factors psychologist

Social psychologist

Developmental psychologist

Counseling psychologist

2. The origins of psychology are in:

Literature and philosophy

Philosophy and physiology

Education and literature

Education and physiology

3. Wilbur is a psychologist who works for an engineering company, helping design new products to be used in the home. Wilbur would most likely be classified as:

An applied psychologist

A research psychologist

A clinical psychologist

A psychiatrist

4. Psychology is currently defined as:

The systematic study of brain activity

The scientific study of mental illness

The systematic study of mental processes

The scientific study of mind and behavior

5. You are in a time machine. If you want to visit the beginning of the science of psychology, how should you set the time machine?

Greece, 350 BC

Leipzig, Germany, 1879

Vienna, Austria, 1900

John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1929

6. Which sense uses the three smallest bones in the body?

Touch

Hearing

Olfaction

Gustation

7. Human cells, with the exception of sperm and unfertilized egg cells, contain __ chromosomes.

2

46

23

64

8. Mary is an M.D. who specializes in treating people with mental disorders. Mary is:

A clinical psychologist

An applied psychologist

A psychiatrist

A cognitive psychologist

9. Which research area in psychology is primarily devoted to the study of memory, learning and reasoning?

Physiological

Personality

Developmental

Cognitive

10. Utilizing a variety of theoretical approaches rather than a single appraoch is referred to as:

Eclectic approach

Humanistic approach

Nativist approach

Behaviorist approach

11. Early studies of brain damage indicated that patients who could understand, but who could not produce, spoken language often had damage to:

An area known as Wernicke's area

An area known as Broca's area

The right side of the brain

The cerebellum

12. Movies are created by rapidly projecting a series of still pictures onto a screen. This creates the illusion that the people and objects appear on the screen and are actually moving. This illusion illustrates:

The phi phenomenon

The Gestalt law of proximity

Linear perspective

Convergence

13. Kirby suffered a stroke and even though he has recovered much of his functioning, he finds that he still cannot move his left foot effectively. In this case, it is likely that Kirby's stroke affected his:

Right frontal lobe

Left frontal lobe

Left temporal lobe

Right temporal lobe

14. P.h.D. is the abbreviation for:

Doctor of psychiatry

Doctor of psychology

Doctor of philosophy

Doctor of philantrophy

15. In neurons, the myelin sheath

Insulates the axon and speeds neural transmission

Insulates the dendrites and speeds neural transmission

Contains the neurotransmitters that allow communication between adjacent neurons

16. Decibels measure the

Complexity of sound waves

Amplitude of sound waves

Frequency of sound waves

Length of sound waves

17. Lori thought she heard a gunshot while she was out walking, but discovered it was only a car down the street backfiring. As she continued on her walk, her heart stopped racing and her blood pressure returned to normal. Lori's blood pressure and heart rate returned to normal levels due to activity in her:

Somatic nervous system

Parasympathetic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system

Cerebellum

18. Gretchen suffered a stroke recently and now finds that she constantly hears a buzzing sound in her ears. In this case, it is likely that Gretchen's stroke affected her:

Temporal lobes

Frontal lobes

Occipital lobes

Parietal lobes

19. The part of the neuron that receives information and carries it into the cell body is the

Soma

Axon

Dendrites

Terminal buttons

20. Underproduction of acetylcholine has been linked with:

Schizophrenia

Alzheimer's disease

Parkinson's disease

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

21. In 1848, he suffered an accident in which a thick rod blasted through the left frontal lobe of his brain; he survived the injury, but his personality changed completely.

Sigmund Freud

Charles Whitman

Abraham Maslow

Phineas Gage

22. Psychologists typically identify four basic tastes. These are:

Sour, salty, spicy and bland

Sweet, salty, hold and cold

Sweet, sour, spicy and bitter

Sweet, salty, bitter and sour

23. People would constantly be aware of the pressure of their clothing on their skin if the human nervous system didn't show

Perceptual invariance

Perceptual assimilation

Changing difference thresholds

Sensory adaptation

24. Individuals with the highest degree of correlation between their IQ scores would likely be:

Parents and their biological children

Parents and their adopted children

Fraternal twins

Identical twins

25. Gerald believes that individuals act aggressively toward each other as a result of unconscious motives and conflicts. Gerald's view is the most consistent with the:

Psychoanalytic view of psychology

Structuralist approach to psychology

Cognitive view of psychology

Behavioral approach to psychology

26. Darby was a monkey who was extremely aggressive and often flew into uncontrollable rages. Brain researches lesioned portions of Darnell's forebrain and he became extremely passive and docile. These researches most likely lesioned portions of Darnell's:

Occipital lobe

Amygdala

Hippocampus

Hypothalamus

27. In humans, the vestibular sense is responsible for:

Our sense of balance and movement

Activation of pain gates in the spinal cord

Our ability to recognize objects using only our sense of touch

Our ability to sense the position of movement and body parts

28. Which person-item pair is incorrectly linked?

Carl Rogers- Unconsciousness mind

John Watson - Observable behavior

Wilhelm Wundt - systematic instrospection

William James - adaptive function

29. Many animals release chemicals that cause highly specific reactions when detected by other members of the species. These chemicals are called:

Hormones

Steroids

Neurotransmitters

Pheromones

30. Earning a doctoral level psychology degree usually takes about ___ years of graduate study after college.

2

4

7

10

31. Research into hemispheric lateralization indicates that the left hemisphere plays a more signifigant role in:

Spatial tasks, such as fitting together puzzle pieces

Fine motor coordination

Interpreting and understanding emotions

Language and communication

32. Calkins and Washburn are notable for:

Establishing the first psychology laboratory

Developing humanistic psychology

First studying cross-cultural differences in behavior

Being among the first female psychologists

33. Hubel and Wiesel discovered cells in the visual cortex of cats that responded only to a specific length of line moving in a specific direction. They called these cells:

Rods

Feature detectors

Cones

Ganglion cells

34. A young man is sitting in a lab giving a detailed account of his subjective experience concerning the taste of lemonade in hopes of discovering the basic units of mind and perception. This is most characteristic of the research of:

Behaviorism

Functionalism

Structuralism

Psychoanalysis

35. The path of a sound wave as it enters the human ear is:

From the eardrum, the the auditory canal and through the middle ear.

From the auditory canal, through the middle ear, to the eardrum.

From the auditory canal, to the eardrum and through the middle ear.

From the middle ear, to the eardrum and through the auditory canal.

36. Hering's opponent-process theory suggests that visual receptors are linked in pairs, with the opposing pairs being:

Red-yellow, blue-green and black-whitered-yellow, blue-green and black-white

Red-green, yellow-white and blue-blackred-green, yellow-white, and blue-black

Red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white

Green-yellow, red-blue and black-white

37. The flow of information within a neuron is

From terminal buttons to axon to soma to dendrites

From dendrites to soma to axon to terminal buttons

From dendrites to axon to terminal buttons to soma

From axon to soma to dendrites to terminal buttoms

38. If you stood on a country road and looked out into the distance, the fences on either side of the road would appear to come together in the distance. This is an example of the depth cue known as: