Intro To C Programming Quiz 2

1. The subscript of the first element of an array is 0.

True

False

The subscript of the first element of an array is 0. This is because in most programming languages, arrays are zero-indexed, meaning that the first element is accessed using the index 0. So, the statement is true.

Explanation

The subscript of the first element of an array is 0. This is because in most programming languages, arrays are zero-indexed, meaning that the first element is accessed using the index 0. So, the statement is true.

2. The NULL character is placed at the ______________ of a string.

Beginning

Middle

End

The NULL character is placed at the end of a string. This is because the NULL character, represented by '\0', is used to indicate the end of a string in C programming. It is important to have the NULL character at the end of a string to ensure proper termination and to prevent any unexpected behavior when working with strings.

Explanation

The NULL character is placed at the end of a string. This is because the NULL character, represented by '\0', is used to indicate the end of a string in C programming. It is important to have the NULL character at the end of a string to ensure proper termination and to prevent any unexpected behavior when working with strings.

3. Which type of loop always executes at least once?

Sentinel-controlled loop

For loop

Do-while loop

Counter-controlled loop

A do-while loop always executes at least once because the condition is checked at the end of the loop. This means that the code block within the loop will be executed first, and then the condition will be evaluated. If the condition is true, the loop will continue to execute, otherwise, it will exit. This is in contrast to other loops like for and while loops, where the condition is checked at the beginning, and if it is false initially, the loop will not execute at all.

Explanation

A do-while loop always executes at least once because the condition is checked at the end of the loop. This means that the code block within the loop will be executed first, and then the condition will be evaluated. If the condition is true, the loop will continue to execute, otherwise, it will exit. This is in contrast to other loops like for and while loops, where the condition is checked at the beginning, and if it is false initially, the loop will not execute at all.

4. All elements in a multidimensional array can have different data types.

True

False

In a multidimensional array, all elements must have the same data type. This means that if the array is declared to hold integers, all elements within the array must be integers. Having different data types for elements within the same multidimensional array is not allowed. Therefore, the statement that all elements in a multidimensional array can have different data types is false.

Explanation

In a multidimensional array, all elements must have the same data type. This means that if the array is declared to hold integers, all elements within the array must be integers. Having different data types for elements within the same multidimensional array is not allowed. Therefore, the statement that all elements in a multidimensional array can have different data types is false.

5. The body of a while loop may never get executed.

True

False

A while loop is a control flow statement that allows a set of instructions to be repeatedly executed as long as a specified condition is true. However, if the condition is initially false, the body of the while loop will never be executed. Therefore, it is possible for the body of a while loop to never get executed.

Explanation

A while loop is a control flow statement that allows a set of instructions to be repeatedly executed as long as a specified condition is true. However, if the condition is initially false, the body of the while loop will never be executed. Therefore, it is possible for the body of a while loop to never get executed.

6. The NULL character used in strings in C is represented by _________.

/*

/0

\0

*0

$0

In C, the NULL character used in strings is represented by '\0'. This character is used to indicate the end of a string and is typically placed at the end of a character array to mark the termination point. It has a value of zero and is represented by the escape sequence '\0'.

Explanation

In C, the NULL character used in strings is represented by '\0'. This character is used to indicate the end of a string and is typically placed at the end of a character array to mark the termination point. It has a value of zero and is represented by the escape sequence '\0'.

7. The process of testing flow of control between a main function and its subordinate functions is called _______________________.

Bottom-up testing

System integration testing

Top-down testing

Unit testing

Top-down testing is a software testing technique where the flow of control is tested between a main function and its subordinate functions. In this approach, the higher-level modules are tested first, followed by the testing of lower-level modules. This allows for early detection of any issues or defects in the overall control flow of the system. It helps in identifying and resolving any integration issues between the modules and ensures that the system functions correctly as a whole.

Explanation

Top-down testing is a software testing technique where the flow of control is tested between a main function and its subordinate functions. In this approach, the higher-level modules are tested first, followed by the testing of lower-level modules. This allows for early detection of any issues or defects in the overall control flow of the system. It helps in identifying and resolving any integration issues between the modules and ensures that the system functions correctly as a whole.

8. Int a = 0;
numbers[ ] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 27, 23}
while (a < 5)
{
printf("%d", numbers[a]);
}

1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 27, 23

The value of 1 will be output infinitely.

Nothing will output to the screen.

The value of 3 will be output infinitely.

The given code initializes the variable 'a' to 0 and creates an array 'numbers' with some values. It then enters a while loop with the condition 'a

Explanation

The given code initializes the variable 'a' to 0 and creates an array 'numbers' with some values. It then enters a while loop with the condition 'a

9. The following statement illustrates the use of what type of variable? (Hint: What is the total_sum variable called?)

total_sum = total_sum + number;

Counter

Loop control

Initializer

Accumulator

The given statement "total_sum = total_sum + number" is an example of an accumulator variable. An accumulator variable is used to store and accumulate the sum or total of a series of values. In this case, the variable total_sum is being updated by adding the value of the variable number to it. This process is repeated multiple times, accumulating the sum of all the numbers. Therefore, the total_sum variable can be referred to as an accumulator.

Explanation

The given statement "total_sum = total_sum + number" is an example of an accumulator variable. An accumulator variable is used to store and accumulate the sum or total of a series of values. In this case, the variable total_sum is being updated by adding the value of the variable number to it. This process is repeated multiple times, accumulating the sum of all the numbers. Therefore, the total_sum variable can be referred to as an accumulator.

10. What is the correct syntax for declaring and initializing an array that contains the numbers 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, and 6.1)?

Double digits [5] = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};

Double digits = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};

Int digits[5] = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};

Double digits [ ] = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};

The correct syntax for declaring and initializing an array that contains the numbers 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, and 6.1 is "double digits [ ] = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};". This syntax declares an array named "digits" of type double and initializes it with the specified values inside the curly braces. The square brackets [] indicate that it is an array, and the data type "double" specifies that the array will store decimal numbers.

Explanation

The correct syntax for declaring and initializing an array that contains the numbers 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, and 6.1 is "double digits [ ] = {1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1};". This syntax declares an array named "digits" of type double and initializes it with the specified values inside the curly braces. The square brackets [] indicate that it is an array, and the data type "double" specifies that the array will store decimal numbers.

11. A program prompts the user for a value until the user enters a -1. What kind of looping structure is needed for this case?

An accumulator-controlled loop

A conditional loop

A counter-controlled loop

A sentinel-controlled loop

A sentinel-controlled loop is needed for this case because the program prompts the user for a value until the user enters a specific sentinel value (-1). The loop continues until the sentinel value is entered, indicating the end of the input. This allows the program to repeatedly prompt the user and process the input until the desired condition is met.

Explanation

A sentinel-controlled loop is needed for this case because the program prompts the user for a value until the user enters a specific sentinel value (-1). The loop continues until the sentinel value is entered, indicating the end of the input. This allows the program to repeatedly prompt the user and process the input until the desired condition is met.