Immunology Self Test
Straight from the slides
- 1.
Natural active immunity
- A.
Is IgG passed from mother to child
- B.
Is efficient at fighting infection on the first exposure
- C.
Tricks the body into thinking it is being invaded, so the body generates a memory of the event
- D.
Requires about two weeks for the cellular immune response to be activated
- E.
Requires large amounts of antigen to be injected into the mucosa
Correct Answer
D. Requires about two weeks for the cellular immune response to be activated -
- 2.
Which is not a killed whole organism vaccine?
- A.
Polio
- B.
MMR
- C.
Influenza
- D.
Rabies
- E.
Typhoid
Correct Answer
B. MMR -
- 3.
Which vaccines use microbes that were cultured in a way that made them lose their virulence?
- A.
Whole organism vaccines
- B.
RDNA technology vaccines
- C.
Attenuated vaccines
- D.
Trojan horse vaccines
- E.
Live vaccines
Correct Answer
C. Attenuated vaccines -
- 4.
Which attenuated vaccines are currently in development? (two answers)
- A.
AIDS
- B.
Salmonella
- C.
Cholera
- D.
SARS
- E.
Leishmania
Correct Answer(s)
B. Salmonella
E. Leishmania -
- 5.
Which is not an attenuated vaccine? (two answers)
- A.
Leprosy
- B.
MMR
- C.
Cholera
- D.
FluMist
- E.
Polio
Correct Answer(s)
A. Leprosy
E. Polio -
- 6.
Which are disadvantages of live vaccines? (two answers
- A.
Organisms can multiply and produce infection, not disease
- B.
They can be transmitted to others
- C.
Immunity requires fewer shots
- D.
They can mutate back to the original strain
- E.
They offer long-term protection
Correct Answer(s)
B. They can be transmitted to others
D. They can mutate back to the original strain -
- 7.
Which is false?
- A.
Pasteur discovered microbes grown in unusual hosts lost their strength..
- B.
A Trojan horse vaccine uses a live pathogenic carrier to contain an antigenic determinant.
- C.
The host for pertussis vaccine is a hamster.
- D.
Adenovirus is often used as a Trojan horse.
- E.
Oc=ver-expressed proteins are used as vaccines in rDNA technology.
Correct Answer
B. A Trojan horse vaccine uses a live pathogenic carrier to contain an antigenic determinant. -
- 8.
Trojan horse vaccines in development include: (three answers)
- A.
Salmonella
- B.
Tuberculosis
- C.
Leprosy
- D.
AIDS
- E.
Haemophilis
Correct Answer(s)
B. Tuberculosis
C. Leprosy
D. AIDS -
- 9.
Which cancer is not associated with a oncogenic microbe?
- A.
Pancreatic cancer
- B.
Liver cancer
- C.
Cervical cancer
- D.
Stomach cancer
Correct Answer
A. Pancreatic cancer -
- 10.
Which vaccines use fragments or proteins of virulent microbes?
- A.
Killed
- B.
Attenuated
- C.
Toxoid
- D.
Subunit
- E.
Capsular
Correct Answer
D. Subunit -
- 11.
Which of the following is an example of a toxoid vaccine?
- A.
Bubonic plague
- B.
Dipththeria
- C.
Haemophilus influenzae type B
- D.
Hepatitis B
- E.
MMR
Correct Answer
B. Dipththeria -
- 12.
Which of the following is a capsular vaccine? (two answers)
- A.
HPV
- B.
Pneumococcus
- C.
Polio
- D.
Meningococcus
- E.
Pertussis
Correct Answer(s)
B. Pneumococcus
D. Meningococcus -
- 13.
Which is false about Type I (allergic) hypersensitivity?
- A.
It is believed to be a T cell -mediated disease
- B.
It is believed to represent a faulty response to parasites
- C.
IgE binds to mast cells and basophils
- D.
IgE is made that is specific to an allergen
- E.
Mast cells in tissue and basophils in blood stream are thought to be counterparts of each other.
Correct Answer
A. It is believed to be a T cell -mediated disease -
- 14.
Which is true?
- A.
The highest rates of asthma are in Peru, Chile, South Africa, and New Zealand
- B.
The incidence of asthma is rising 20 to 50 percent every 5 years
- C.
Treatment costs include $8.1 billion in direct cost and $4.6 billion in lost earnings
- D.
150 million suffer from asthma worldwide
- E.
IgE does not cause non-allergic rhinitis
Correct Answer
C. Treatment costs include $8.1 billion in direct cost and $4.6 billion in lost earnings -
- 15.
Which does not happen following an exposure to an allergen?
- A.
Cross-linking of IgE
- B.
Rise in cAMP
- C.
Calcium influx
- D.
Migration of granules
- E.
Exocytosis
Correct Answer
B. Rise in cAMP -
- 16.
Which is not an effective of histamine?
- A.
Bronchoconstriction
- B.
Vasodilation
- C.
Mucus secretion
- D.
Inflammation
Correct Answer
C. Mucus secretion -
- 17.
Which is not an effect of leukotrienes?
- A.
Bronchoconstriction
- B.
Vasodilation
- C.
Mucus secretion
- D.
Inflammation
Correct Answer
B. Vasodilation -
- 18.
Which is false concerning tests for type 1 hypersensitivity?
- A.
An ELISA analysis tests for total IgE
- B.
An mRAST is a radiometric test for allergen specific IgE
- C.
A wheal over 15mm in a skin test is +4
- D.
Symptoms occur within ten minutes of a skin test
- E.
A wheal and flare reaction is the goal of the skin test
Correct Answer
D. Symptoms occur within ten minutes of a skin test -
- 19.
Which of the following measures forced expiratory volume in one second?
- A.
Handheld peak flow meter
- B.
Plethysmograph
- C.
Spirometer
- D.
Graduated cylinder
Correct Answer
C. Spirometer -
- 20.
Which is not an example of an antihistamine?
- A.
Singulair
- B.
Claritin
- C.
Allegra
- D.
Zyrtec
- E.
Benadryl
Correct Answer
A. Singulair -
- 21.
Which is an example of an anti-leukotriene?
- A.
Advair
- B.
Singulair
- C.
Flovent
- D.
Ventolin
- E.
Zyrtec
Correct Answer
B. Singulair -
- 22.
Which is an example of a control inhaler? (two answers
- A.
Ventolin
- B.
Proventil
- C.
Flovent
- D.
Advair
- E.
Intal
Correct Answer(s)
C. Flovent
D. Advair -
- 23.
Which is false about Type IV hypersensitivity?
- A.
The reaction is often in the shape of the offending object.
- B.
It is an inflammatory allergy as opposed to a necrotic allergy.
- C.
Onset is generally 12-48 hours after exposure
- D.
T cells and macrophages are involved
- E.
Allergen sensitized cytotoxic CD8 T cells alter epithelia
Correct Answer
B. It is an inflammatory allergy as opposed to a necrotic allergy. -
- 24.
Which is true about contact sensitivity?
- A.
People with contact sensitivity are most likely to be male and Asian.
- B.
60,000 Americans develop reactions to poison ivy or poison oak annually.
- C.
90% of workers compensation claims are for contact sensitivity reactions
- D.
15% of children show a reaction to one or more allergens on a skin test
Correct Answer
C. 90% of workers compensation claims are for contact sensitivity reactions -
- 25.
Which is false about contact sensitivity?
- A.
Nickel is the most frequent contact allergen in females over 8 years old.
- B.
Reactions to rubber products are usually caused by chemicals added in the manufacturing process,not to the rubber itself.
- C.
An immunity to poison ivy, nickel or rubber can be built by preparing a tincture and placing it under the tongue daily.
- D.
Poison ivy reaction is to an oil in the plant called urushiol.
- E.
Prolonged use of corticosteroid cream, which is used for allergies, can cause a reaction itself.
Correct Answer
C. An immunity to poison ivy, nickel or rubber can be built by preparing a tincture and placing it under the tongue daily. -
- 26.
How is contact sensitivity diagnosed?
- A.
Patch testing
- B.
A red rash is acute, a scaling rash is chronic
- C.
Case history of symptom type and onset
- D.
Location
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 27.
Autoimmune diseases
- A.
Affect females and males equally
- B.
Affect mostly children and teenagers
- C.
Are lifelong and progressive
- D.
Involve humoral and/or cellular immune mechanisms
- E.
Are non-progressive
Correct Answer
C. Are lifelong and progressive -
- 28.
The most prevalent autoimmune disorder in tne United States is:
- A.
Myasthenia gravis
- B.
Guillain-Barre
- C.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- D.
Grave's disease
- E.
Sjogren's syndrome
Correct Answer
D. Grave's disease -
- 29.
1 in 100,000 Americans have:
- A.
Grave's disease
- B.
Guillain-Bare
- C.
Myasthenia gravis
- D.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- E.
Pernicious anemia
Correct Answer
B. Guillain-Bare -
- 30.
Which of the following is false?
- A.
T cells that react with antigens are normally removed, made unresponsive or converted to a tolerogenic T helper cell
- B.
Antigens are usually sequestered
- C.
Epstein-Barr virus is linked to multiple sclerosis
- D.
Influenza and polio are related to Guellain-Barre
- E.
Signs include elevated IgG levels
Correct Answer
C. Epstein-Barr virus is linked to multiple sclerosis -
- 31.
Treatment for myasthenia gravis might include:
- A.
Metabolic control
- B.
Plasmapheresis
- C.
Synthetic thyroid hormones
- D.
Thymectomy
- E.
NSAIDS
Correct Answer
D. Thymectomy -
- 32.
Which of the following have associated weight loss? (three answers)
- A.
Rheumatoid arthritis
- B.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- C.
Grave's disease
- D.
Pernicious anemia
- E.
Myasthenia gravis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Grave's disease
D. Pernicious anemia -
- 33.
Which results from underproduction of thyroxine?
- A.
Grave's disease
- B.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- C.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- D.
Sjogren's syndrome
- E.
Pernicious anemia
Correct Answer
B. Hashimoto's thyroiditis -
- 34.
What percentage of Sjogren's syndrome patients also suffer from rheumatoid arthritis?
- A.
10:%
- B.
25%
- C.
50%
- D.
75%
- E.
100%
Correct Answer
C. 50% -
- 35.
Which is associated with a butterfly rash on nose and cheeks?
- A.
Type I diabetes
- B.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- C.
Pernicious anemia
- D.
Myasthenia gravis
- E.
Guiellain-Barre
Correct Answer
B. Systemic lupus erythematosus -
- 36.
Half of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus patients have __ involvement; the other half have ___ involvement.
- A.
Lung...musculoskeletal
- B.
Renal...cardiovascular
- C.
Central nervous system...lung
- D.
Renal...central nervous system
- E.
Musculoskeletal...cardiovascular
Correct Answer
D. Renal...central nervous system -
- 37.
Sjogren's syndrome
- A.
Results from faulty absorption fo vitamin B12
- B.
Affects endocrine glands, especially lacrimal and salivary
- C.
Involves destruction of the islets of Langerhaans
- D.
Involves an enlargd thymus in 60-80% of patients
- E.
Involves demyelination of nerve tissue and peripheral nerve monocyte tissue infiltrate
Correct Answer
B. Affects endocrine glands, especially lacrimal and salivary -
- 38.
Increased incidence of stomach cancer is seen in patients with:
- A.
Pernicious/megaloblastic anemia
- B.
Type I diabetes
- C.
Rheumatoid arthritis
- D.
Grave's disease
- E.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Correct Answer
A. Pernicious/megaloblastic anemia -
- 39.
This disease is often comorbid with thyroid problems
- A.
Type I diabetes
- B.
Sjogren's syndrome
- C.
Pernicious anemia
- D.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- E.
Guellain Barre
Correct Answer
C. Pernicious anemia -
- 40.
Which is false about type I diabetes?
- A.
It affects 1:500 in the United States
- B.
It usually shows up in middle age (40-50 years)
- C.
Symptoms are ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease and kidney problems
- D.
It involves destruction of the islets of Langerhaans
- E.
It is treated with insulin injections
Correct Answer
B. It usually shows up in middle age (40-50 years) -
- 41.
Ptosis is a sign of which of the following diseases?
- A.
Grave's disease
- B.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- C.
Guellain Barre
- D.
Myasthenia gravis
- E.
Type I diabetes
Correct Answer
D. Myasthenia gravis -
- 42.
Which is false about myasthenia gravis?
- A.
80-90% of patients have antibodies against acetylcholine receptor
- B.
It is caused by depletion of acetylcholine receptors at the myoneural junction
- C.
Symptoms include weight gain, slow pulse, and thinning of hair
- D.
It is treated by anticholinesterase
- E.
There is a genetic disposition in human leukocyte antigen DR3
Correct Answer
C. Symptoms include weight gain, slow pulse, and thinning of hair -
- 43.
Which is true of Guellain-Barre syndrome?
- A.
Normal function rarely returns to patients.
- B.
The cause is overmyelination of nerve tissue and peripheral nerve monocyte tissue infiltrate
- C.
It occurs following infectiious disease such as measles, hepatitis and polio, or after vaccination for influenza
- D.
It effects the endocrine glands, especially lacrimal and salivary
- E.
Symptoms include fatigue and weight loss
Correct Answer
C. It occurs following infectiious disease such as measles, hepatitis and polio, or after vaccination for influenza -
- 44.
Which is false?
- A.
Anergy = a lack of reaction by the body's defense mechanisms to foreign substances
- B.
People with autoimmune disorders have immune complexes in their serum
- C.
Autoimmune diseases are usually reversible
- D.
Autoantibodies often found, but are not unique
- E.
The second most common autoimmune disorder in the United States is Rheumatoid arthritis.
Correct Answer
C. Autoimmune diseases are usually reversible -
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