Immunohaematology

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  • 1/20 Questions

    The universal blood donor for ABO system are type :

    • A
    • O
    • AB
    • B
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About This Quiz

This Immunohaematology quiz covers key aspects of the ABO blood system, including blood types, antigen-antibody interactions, and the discovery by Karl Landsteiner. It assesses understanding of blood type determination and inheritance, crucial for medical and healthcare education.

Healthcare Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    In the ABO blood system, you normally can be type :

    • A

    • B

    • ABO

    • A,B,AB,or O

    Correct Answer
    A. A,B,AB,or O
    Explanation
    You can be type A, B, AB, or O but not ABO.

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  • 3. 

    After the ABO blood group system, what is the second most clinically significant antigen system?

    • Lewis blood group system

    • Rh blood group system

    • Colton blood group system

    • Kell blood group system

    Correct Answer
    A. Rh blood group system
    Explanation
    The Rh blood group system is the second most clinically significant antigen system after the ABO blood group system. The Rh system is important in blood transfusion and pregnancy, as individuals who are Rh-negative can develop antibodies against Rh-positive blood. This can lead to complications during pregnancy, such as hemolytic disease of the newborn. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the Rh blood group of individuals to ensure safe blood transfusions and pregnancies.

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  • 4. 

    According to International Red Cross Guidelines, a person cannot donate blood if-

    • He/she is above 18 years of age

    • His/her weight is above 110 pounds (ie 45 kg)

    • Both a and b

    • He/she has a history of hepatitis

    Correct Answer
    A. He/she has a history of hepatitis
    Explanation
    - A person needs to be above 18 years of age with a healthy weight of more than 45 kg to be a blood donor. In certain rare cases, minors may be made to donate blood but only with parental consent. Also, it is essential to have a BP reading of above 120/80 and hemoglobin of above 12.5 Gms.

    - A history of hepatitis infection disqualifies a person from being a blood donor.

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  • 5. 

    An individual's ABO blood type is normally determined by?

    • The inheritance of 1 of 3 possible alleles (A, B, or O) from each parent

    • Genetic inheritance and environmental influences during life

    • Environmental influences alone

    Correct Answer
    A. The inheritance of 1 of 3 possible alleles (A, B, or O) from each parent
    Explanation
    In most cases these alleles are totally responsible for determining blood type phenotypes. The inheritance usually follows simple Mendelian patterns. However, there are rare exceptions such as the Bombay Phenotype described in the tutorial.

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  • 6. 

     What is the antigen missing in persons with the Bombay phenotype?

    • I antigen

    • B antigen

    • A antigen

    • H antigen

    Correct Answer
    A. H antigen
    Explanation
    The Bombay phenotype is a rare blood type where individuals do not have the H antigen on their red blood cells. This means that they are unable to produce the A or B antigens, which are normally built on top of the H antigen. As a result, individuals with the Bombay phenotype can only receive blood from other individuals with the same phenotype, as their immune system will recognize any other blood type as foreign and potentially harmful. Therefore, the correct answer is H antigen.

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  • 7. 

    When a fetus' blood is agglutinated by its mother's Rh antibodies, the severe anemia that results is called:

    • Ectopic pregnancy

    • Percipitation

    • Immunization

    • Erythroblastosis fetalis

    Correct Answer
    A. Erythroblastosis fetalis
    Explanation
    In addition to suffering life threatening anemia, they also are usually jaundiced, fevered, quite swollen, and have an enlarged liver and spleen.

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  • 8. 

    Mother-fetus incompatibility problems result from:

    • The fetus' antibodies agglutinating its own red blood cells

    • The mother's antibodies agglutinating the fetus' Rh positive red blood cells

    • The fetus' antibodies agglutinating its mother's red blood cells

    Correct Answer
    A. The mother's antibodies agglutinating the fetus' Rh positive red blood cells
    Explanation
    As a result of fetal blood entering the mother`s system during her first pregnancy with an Rh positive baby, she will regularly produce antibodies to Rh antigens. They will pass through the placental barrier into her fetus and agglutinate its blood.

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  • 9. 

    Mother-fetus Rh blood type incompatibility problems can occur if the mother is _____ and her fetus is _____ .

    • Rh positive; Rh positive

    • Rh positive; Rh negative

    • Rh negative; Rh positive

    • Rh negative; Rh negative

    Correct Answer
    A. Rh negative; Rh positive
    Explanation
    In order for the fetus to be Rh positive, the father must also be Rh positive. As a result, when the mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive (or his Rh type is unknown), doctors usually assume that there will be a serious medical problem.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the ABO blood system?

    • People who have the A antigen normally would not produce the anti-A antibody.

    • People who are type AB normally produce both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.

    • The only ABO type blood that normally does not have either A or B antigens is AB.

    Correct Answer
    A. People who have the A antigen normally would not produce the anti-A antibody.
    Explanation
    If they produced anti-A antibodies, it would destroy their own blood. However, they do normally produce anti-B antibodies since B type blood would be alien to them.

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  • 11. 

     What is the A1 antigen?

    • D-galactose

    • N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

    • Acetylcholinesterase

    • Glycophorin A

    Correct Answer
    A. N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
    Explanation
    The A1 antigen refers to N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. This molecule is a component of the A antigen found on red blood cells. The A antigen is one of the blood group antigens used in the ABO blood typing system. Individuals who have the A1 antigen on their red blood cells are classified as blood type A. N-acetyl-D-galactosamine is responsible for the recognition and binding of antibodies in the immune response.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is true of Rh positive people?

    • They are either homozygous dominant (DD) or heterozygous (Dd) for this trait.

    • They are all homozygous dominant (DD).

    • They are all homozygous recessive (dd).

    • They are either homozygous recessive (dd) or heterozygous (Dd) for this trait.

    Correct Answer
    A. They are either homozygous dominant (DD) or heterozygous (Dd) for this trait.
    Explanation
    The Rh blood factor is a dominant trait. Therefore, both DD and Dd people have the Rh antigen on the surface of their red cells which makes them Rh positive.

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  • 13. 

    In determining the phenotype for the ABO blood system

    • O is recessive

    • O is dominant over A

    • B is dominant over A

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. O is recessive
    Explanation
    The rules of dominance for the ABO system are that A and B are both dominant over O (i.e., O is recessive) and A and B are codominant.

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  • 14. 

    If one of your parents is blood type A and the other is type B, which of the following blood types would you likely be?

    • A

    • B

    • AB

    • O

    • Any of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Any of the above
    Explanation
    Since you could inherit A or O alleles from one parent and B or O alleles from the other, you could be any of the 4 ABO types. Look at the other answers to see how this could be true.

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  • 15. 

    Which of th following statements is true about the ABO blood system :

    • It was discovered in the 1950's.

    • It was discovered by Karl Landsteiner

    • Few people are actually typed for this system because of the difficulty of the procedure and high cost.

    • A and b

    Correct Answer
    A. It was discovered by Karl Landsteiner
    Explanation
    Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO system in 1900 and 1901 while trying to understand why blood transfusions sometimes saved lives and at other times caused death.

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  • 16. 

    A mother of known blood type A has a child whose blood turns out to be B. From this it follows that the mother:

    • must really have the blood type AB

    • Is homozygous dominant for the trait

    • Is heterozygous for the trait

    • could have several possible genotypes

    Correct Answer
    A. Is heterozygous for the trait
    Explanation
    Based on the given information, if a mother with blood type A has a child with blood type B, it suggests that the mother is heterozygous for the trait. This means that she carries both the dominant allele (A) and the recessive allele (B) for blood type. Since the child has blood type B, it means that the mother passed on the recessive allele to the child. Therefore, the mother must be heterozygous for the trait.

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  • 17. 

    If the father of a fetus is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative, what are the chances that there will be a mother-fetus incompatibility problem? Assume that the couple has already had a child and that there has been no medical treatment to prevent this problem.

    • 100%

    • At least 50%

    • Less than 50%

    • 0%

    Correct Answer
    A. At least 50%
    Explanation
    If the father is homozygous dominant (DD) the chances of the fetus being Rh positive and an incompatibility problem occurring will be 100%. If the father is heterozygous (Dd), the chances are 50%. There will be no problem if the fetus is Rh negative.

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  • 18. 

    Could a man with type O blood and a Women with type AB blood produce a child with type O blood?

    • Possible

    • Not possible

    Correct Answer
    A. Not possible
    Explanation
    Type O blood is a recessive trait, meaning it can only be expressed if both parents contribute an O allele. Type AB blood, on the other hand, is a dominant trait and requires at least one A or B allele. Since the woman has type AB blood, she must have at least one A or B allele, making it impossible for her to pass on an O allele to the child. Therefore, it is not possible for a man with type O blood and a woman with type AB blood to produce a child with type O blood.

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  • 19. 

    Which of the following statements is true of the Rh blood system?

    • It is more complex genetically than the ABO system.

    • It was the first blood type system to be discovered.

    • There are 45 Rh blood types.

    • A and c

    Correct Answer
    A. It is more complex genetically than the ABO system.
    Explanation
    The Rh system apparently is much more complex genetically since it involves 45 different antigens on the surface of red cells that are controlled by 2 closely linked genes on chromosome 1. In most cases, the ABO system is controlled by only 2 antigens.

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  • 20. 

    Name the blood groups that are commonly termed ‘Universal Donor’ and ‘Universal Receiver’.

    • O;AB

    • O-;AB-

    • O+;AB+

    • O-;AB+

    Correct Answer
    A. O-;AB+
    Explanation
    O- blood group can be used to supplement a patient of any other blood group. However, sometimes O blood contains antibodies against A and B; so it is actually used as a ‘Universal Donor’ only in vary rare circumstances where blood of the same blood group is not available.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jun 05, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Zameer_mind
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