II. Medical Terminology A. Foundations Of Word Structure B. Abbreviations
NCCT MA Review Questions
II. Medical Terminology A. Foundations of Word Structure B. Abbreviations
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The suffix -emia means .
- A.
Blood
- B.
Erudite
- C.
Hematemesis
- D.
Condition of the urine
Correct Answer
A. BloodExplanation
The suffix -emia is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to a condition or presence of a substance in the blood. For example, anemia refers to a condition where there is a deficiency of red blood cells in the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is blood.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The medical term for expanding or opening wider is .
- A.
Dysuria
- B.
Defamation
- C.
Dilate
- D.
Atelectasis
Correct Answer
C. DilateExplanation
The correct answer is "dilate". The term "dilate" refers to the act of expanding or opening wider. In a medical context, it can be used to describe the widening of blood vessels or the opening of a body cavity or passageway. This term is commonly used in various medical procedures and treatments where the goal is to increase the size or diameter of a specific area.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The abbreviation for urinalysis is .
- A.
UA
- B.
UN
- C.
Hystero
- D.
Urino
Correct Answer
A. UAExplanation
The correct answer for the abbreviation of urinalysis is UA.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The medical term for groups of cells with the same function is .
- A.
Hormone
- B.
Artery
- C.
System
- D.
Tissue
Correct Answer
D. TissueExplanation
In the given question, the correct answer is "tissue". Tissue refers to groups of cells that perform the same function. This term is commonly used in the medical field to describe the organization and structure of different types of cells in the body. It is important to understand the concept of tissue to study and diagnose various diseases and conditions.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The medical term for the basic unit of body structure is .
- A.
Vein
- B.
Tissue
- C.
Cell
- D.
Organ
Correct Answer
C. CellExplanation
The medical term for the basic unit of body structure is a cell. A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, and it is responsible for carrying out all the necessary functions to sustain life. Cells are the building blocks of tissues, organs, and ultimately the entire body. They come in various shapes and sizes, and each type of cell has its own unique function.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The abbreviation for below or low is .
- A.
HUC
- B.
Hyper
- C.
Hypo
- D.
Post or p
Correct Answer
C. HypoExplanation
The correct answer is "hypo." The abbreviation "hypo" is commonly used to represent the words "below" or "low." It is often used in medical terminology to indicate a deficiency or lack of something.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The medical term for the time when menstruation begins is .
- A.
Menopause
- B.
Puberty
- C.
Menarche
- D.
Period
Correct Answer
C. MenarcheExplanation
Menarche is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for the time when menstruation begins. Menopause, on the other hand, refers to the end of menstruation and fertility. Puberty is the stage of development when a child's body begins to change and mature, including the onset of menstruation in girls. "Period" is a colloquial term often used to refer to menstruation itself, but it is not the specific medical term for the time when menstruation begins.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The medical term for the time when menstruation stops is .
- A.
Reflex
- B.
Growth
- C.
Menopause
- D.
Menarche
Correct Answer
C. MenopauseExplanation
Menopause is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for the time when menstruation stops. Menopause is a natural process that occurs in women usually around the age of 45-55, marking the end of their reproductive years. It is characterized by a decrease in hormone production, specifically estrogen, which leads to the cessation of menstrual periods. This transition can cause various symptoms such as hot flashes, mood changes, and vaginal dryness. Menopause is an important milestone in a woman's life and signifies the end of her ability to conceive naturally.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The abbreviation for gastrointestinal is .
- A.
Gtt or G.T.T
- B.
Gyn. or G.Y.N.
- C.
GI or G.I.
- D.
Abd.
Correct Answer
C. GI or G.I.Explanation
The correct abbreviation for gastrointestinal is GI or G.I. This abbreviation is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The medical term for an involuntary movement is .
- A.
Growth
- B.
Reflex
- C.
Puberty
- D.
Stretching
Correct Answer
B. ReflexExplanation
An involuntary movement is commonly referred to as a reflex. A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus that occurs without conscious thought or control. It is a rapid and involuntary movement that helps protect the body from harm or maintain balance. Examples of reflexes include the knee-jerk reflex and the withdrawal reflex. Therefore, reflex is the correct medical term for an involuntary movement.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The medical term for paralysis from the waist down is .
- A.
Coma
- B.
Quadriplegia
- C.
Disaster
- D.
Paraplegia
Correct Answer
D. ParaplegiaExplanation
Paraplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis from the waist down. The term "para" means alongside or beside, and "plegia" means paralysis. Therefore, paraplegia specifically describes paralysis of the lower limbs and lower body. Coma refers to a state of unconsciousness, quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all four limbs, and disaster is unrelated to paralysis.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The medical term for paralysis from the neck down is .
- A.
Paraplegia
- B.
Quadriplegia
- C.
Hemiplegia
- D.
Stroke
Correct Answer
B. QuadriplegiaExplanation
Quadriplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis from the neck down. The term "quadri" means four, indicating that all four limbs are affected by the paralysis. Paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body, hemiplegia refers to paralysis on one side of the body, and stroke is a medical condition that can cause paralysis but is not specific to paralysis from the neck down.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The medical abbreviation for by mouth is .
- A.
Po
- B.
PMC or P.M.C.
- C.
Pc
- D.
Per
Correct Answer
A. PoExplanation
The correct answer is "po". In medical terminology, "po" stands for "per os" which means "by mouth". This abbreviation is commonly used in prescriptions and medical instructions to indicate that a medication should be taken orally.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The abbreviation for dressing is .
- A.
Dsg
- B.
Ds
- C.
DSM
- D.
DSS
Correct Answer
A. DsgExplanation
The correct abbreviation for dressing is "dsg".Rate this question:
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- 15.
The medical term for paralysis on one side of the body is .
- A.
Paraplegia
- B.
Coma
- C.
Hemiplegia
- D.
Quadriplegia
Correct Answer
C. HemiplegiaExplanation
Hemiplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis on one side of the body. Paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body, while quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all four limbs. Coma is a state of unconsciousness and is not related to paralysis.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The medical term for circular movement around a central point is .
- A.
Extension
- B.
Rotation
- C.
Abduction
- D.
Dorsiflexionn
Correct Answer
B. RotationExplanation
Rotation refers to the circular movement around a central point. It involves the turning or twisting of a body part or the entire body in a circular motion. This movement can occur in various joints such as the shoulder, hip, or spine. Rotation allows for a wide range of movements and is essential for activities such as throwing, swinging, or turning the head.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The medical term for turning the palm forward, as applied to the handis .
- A.
Extension
- B.
Flexion
- C.
Supination
- D.
Adduction
Correct Answer
C. SupinationExplanation
Supination is the correct answer. Supination refers to the movement of the forearm and hand where the palm is turned forward or upward. This movement allows the palm to face upward or forward, as opposed to pronation where the palm faces downward or backward. Extension refers to the straightening of a joint, flexion refers to the bending of a joint, and adduction refers to moving a body part towards the midline of the body.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The medical term for a decrease in size or a wasting is .
- A.
Pronation
- B.
Atrophy
- C.
Plantar flexion
- D.
Abduction
Correct Answer
B. AtrophyExplanation
Atrophy is the medical term for a decrease in size or wasting of a body part or tissue. It refers to the gradual loss of muscle mass or tissue due to factors such as disuse, aging, or disease. Pronation is the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards, plantar flexion is the movement of the foot in which the toes point downwards, and abduction is the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. None of these terms are related to a decrease in size or wasting.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The medical term for a straightening of a body part is .
- A.
Extension
- B.
Flexion
- C.
Dorsiflexion
- D.
Pronation
Correct Answer
A. ExtensionExplanation
Extension is the correct answer because it refers to the straightening of a body part. Flexion, dorsiflexion, and pronation all involve bending or movement in a different direction, so they are not the correct terms for straightening.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The abbreviation for postprandial blood sugar is .
- A.
PP
- B.
Pre
- C.
PPBS
- D.
Post or p
Correct Answer
C. PPBSExplanation
The correct answer is PPBS. PPBS stands for postprandial blood sugar, which refers to the blood sugar level measured after a meal. It is used to assess how well the body is able to regulate blood sugar levels after eating.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The medical term for moving a body part away from the body is .
- A.
Rotation
- B.
Abduction
- C.
Dorsiflexion
- D.
Pronation
Correct Answer
B. AbductionExplanation
Abduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part away from the body's midline. This movement can occur in various joints, such as the shoulder or hip, and allows for the limb to move laterally or away from the body. Rotation refers to the movement around an axis, dorsiflexion refers to the movement of the foot upwards, and pronation refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The medical term for bending a body part is .
- A.
Dorsiflexion
- B.
External rotation
- C.
Flexion
- D.
Range-of-motion
Correct Answer
C. FlexionExplanation
Flexion is the correct answer because it refers to the bending of a body part, typically a joint, decreasing the angle between two bones. It is a common movement that occurs in many parts of the body, such as the knee, elbow, and spine. Flexion allows for increased mobility and range of motion in the joint. Dorsiflexion refers specifically to the bending of the foot or hand towards the body, external rotation refers to the rotation of a limb away from the body, and range-of-motion is a general term that encompasses all movements of a joint.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The medical term for turning the palm backward is .
- A.
Pronation
- B.
Adduction
- C.
External rotation
- D.
Supination
Correct Answer
A. PronationExplanation
Pronation is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of turning the palm backward. This movement involves rotating the forearm so that the palm faces downward or backward. Adduction refers to moving a body part toward the midline of the body, external rotation refers to rotating a body part away from the midline, and supination refers to turning the palm forward or upward.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The medical term for bending backward is .
- A.
Contracture
- B.
Dorsiflexion
- C.
Hyperextension
- D.
Extension
Correct Answer
B. DorsiflexionExplanation
Dorsiflexion refers to the movement of bending the foot or hand backward, bringing the top of the foot or hand closer to the shin or forearm. It is the opposite of plantar flexion, which is the movement of pointing the foot or hand downward. In medical terms, dorsiflexion is commonly used to describe the movement of the ankle joint, but it can also refer to the movement of the wrist or fingers. Hyperextension, on the other hand, refers to excessive bending or straightening beyond the normal range of motion.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The medical term for the abnormal shortening of a muscle is .
- A.
Adduction
- B.
Extension
- C.
Contracture
- D.
Flexion
Correct Answer
C. ContractureExplanation
A contracture refers to the abnormal shortening of a muscle. This can occur due to various reasons such as muscle weakness, immobility, or scar tissue formation. When a muscle contracts and stays in a shortened position for a prolonged period, it can result in limited range of motion and stiffness. Contractures can be painful and can affect the function and mobility of the affected muscle or joint. Treatment options for contractures may include physical therapy, stretching exercises, medication, or in severe cases, surgery.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The medical term for moving a body part toward the midline of the body is .
- A.
Flexion
- B.
Abduction
- C.
Adduction
- D.
Contracture
Correct Answer
C. AdductionExplanation
Adduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body. Flexion refers to the bending of a joint, abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body, and contracture refers to the permanent shortening of a muscle or joint.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The abbreviation for laboratory is .
- A.
Lab
- B.
L
- C.
Lbb
- D.
Lbt
Correct Answer
A. LabExplanation
The correct answer is "lab" because "lab" is the commonly used abbreviation for "laboratory".Rate this question:
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- 28.
The abbreviation for discontinue is .
- A.
DD
- B.
D. & C. or D&C
- C.
DX
- D.
D/c
Correct Answer
D. D/cExplanation
The abbreviation "d/c" is commonly used to represent the word "discontinue".Rate this question:
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- 29.
The abbreviation for bedtime or hour of sleep is .
- A.
Ht
- B.
B.m. Or B.M.
- C.
Hs
- D.
BSC or bsc
Correct Answer
C. HsExplanation
The abbreviation "hs" stands for "hour of sleep" or "bedtime." It is commonly used in medical and healthcare settings to indicate the time at which a patient should go to sleep or take medication before sleeping. It is important to follow the prescribed "hs" instructions to ensure proper rest and medication effectiveness.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The abbreviation for above or high is .
- A.
Hyper
- B.
Approx
- C.
Hypo
- D.
HS or hs
Correct Answer
A. HyperExplanation
The correct answer is "hyper" because the abbreviation for above or high is often represented by the prefix "hyper-". This prefix is commonly used in medical terms to indicate excessive or above normal levels of a certain condition or parameter. Therefore, "hyper" is the appropriate abbreviation for above or high.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The abbreviation for hour is .
- A.
Ht
- B.
HS or hs
- C.
Ord
- D.
Hr or h
Correct Answer
D. Hr or hExplanation
The correct answer is "hr or h" because "hr" and "h" are commonly used abbreviations for the word "hour".Rate this question:
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- 32.
The abbreviation for electroencephalogram is .
- A.
EEG
- B.
EKG
- C.
ECG
- D.
E
Correct Answer
A. EEGExplanation
The correct answer is EEG. Electroencephalogram is a test that measures and records the electrical activity of the brain. The abbreviation EEG stands for Electroencephalogram, which accurately represents the test being referred to.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The abbreviation for Papanicolaou smear is .
- A.
Pap smear
- B.
PS
- C.
PPSM
- D.
P smear
Correct Answer
A. Pap smearExplanation
The correct answer is "pap smear" because Papanicolaou smear is commonly referred to as a pap smear. It is a screening test used to detect cervical cancer and other abnormalities in the cervix. The test involves collecting cells from the cervix and examining them under a microscope to look for any abnormal changes.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The abbreviation for cancer is .
- A.
Cc or c.c.
- B.
CCU or C.C.U.
- C.
CA
- D.
C/O or c/o
Correct Answer
C. CAExplanation
The correct answer for the abbreviation for cancer is "CA".Rate this question:
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- 35.
The medical term for loss of appetite is .
- A.
Dehydration
- B.
Edema
- C.
Anorexia
- D.
Nutrient
Correct Answer
C. AnorexiaExplanation
Anorexia is the medical term for loss of appetite. It is a condition characterized by a lack of desire to eat or a decreased interest in food. This can be caused by various factors such as physical illness, psychological issues, medications, or hormonal imbalances. Anorexia can lead to weight loss and nutritional deficiencies if left untreated.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The medical term for tube feeding is .
- A.
IV
- B.
Gavage
- C.
IVN
- D.
Esophageal introduction
Correct Answer
B. GavageExplanation
The correct answer is "gavage." Gavage refers to the medical term for tube feeding, which involves the administration of liquid nutrition directly into the stomach or intestines through a tube. This method is commonly used when a person is unable to consume food orally or has difficulty swallowing. Gavage ensures that the individual receives the necessary nutrients and hydration to maintain their health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The medical term for sugar in the urine is .
- A.
Glucosuria
- B.
Ketone body
- C.
Acetone
- D.
Catheter
Correct Answer
A. GlucosuriaExplanation
Glucosuria is the medical term for sugar in the urine. This condition occurs when there is an excessive amount of glucose present in the urine. It can be a sign of uncontrolled diabetes or other medical conditions affecting the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Ketone bodies and acetone are not related to sugar in the urine, and a catheter is a medical device used for draining urine from the bladder, not a term for sugar in the urine.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The common term for a decubitus ulcer; a pressure sore is .
- A.
Blister
- B.
Pimple
- C.
Fever blister
- D.
Bedsore
Correct Answer
D. BedsoreExplanation
A decubitus ulcer, commonly known as a bedsore, is a type of skin injury that occurs when there is prolonged pressure on a particular area of the body. This pressure restricts blood flow to the area, leading to tissue damage and the formation of an ulcer. The term "bedsore" is used because these ulcers often develop in individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility. The other options, such as blister, pimple, and fever blister, do not accurately describe a decubitus ulcer.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The abbreviation for temperature, pulse, and respiration is .
- A.
Temp
- B.
TPR
- C.
Trfc
- D.
Vtls
Correct Answer
B. TPRExplanation
The correct answer is TPR because TPR stands for temperature, pulse, and respiration, which are three vital signs commonly measured in medical settings. This abbreviation is widely recognized and used in healthcare to refer to these three important indicators of a person's overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The word element phlebo means .
- A.
Vein
- B.
Breathing
- C.
Air, lungs
- D.
Alongside of
Correct Answer
A. VeinExplanation
The word element "phlebo" refers to veins.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The word element pneumo means .
- A.
Disease
- B.
Air, lungs
- C.
Eye
- D.
Fear, dread
Correct Answer
B. Air, lungsExplanation
The word element "pneumo" is derived from the Greek word "pneuma" which means air or lungs. This can be seen in words like pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs) and pneumothorax (air trapped in the pleural cavity). Therefore, the correct answer is "air, lungs".Rate this question:
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- 42.
The word element adeno means .
- A.
Pain
- B.
Both
- C.
Gland
- D.
Anus
Correct Answer
C. GlandExplanation
The word element "adeno" refers to a gland.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The word elements algia, algesia refer to .
- A.
Artery
- B.
Pain
- C.
Against
- D.
Air
Correct Answer
B. PainExplanation
The word elements "algia" and "algesia" both refer to pain.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The word element cardio means .
- A.
Gall
- B.
Colon
- C.
Heart
- D.
Cut
Correct Answer
C. HeartExplanation
The word element "cardio" refers to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The word element cranio means .
- A.
Skull
- B.
Blood
- C.
Common bile duct
- D.
Cartilage
Correct Answer
A. SkullExplanation
The word element "cranio" is derived from the Latin word "cranium" which means "skull". Therefore, the correct answer is skull.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The word element ectomy means .
- A.
Air
- B.
Outer, on the outside
- C.
Surgical removal
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
C. Surgical removalExplanation
The word element "ectomy" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate the surgical removal of a specific body part or tissue. It is derived from the Greek word "ektomē," which means "excision" or "cutting out." Therefore, the correct answer is "surgical removal."Rate this question:
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- 47.
The word element emesis means .
- A.
Vomiting
- B.
Kill
- C.
Weakness
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
A. VomitingExplanation
The correct answer is "vomiting." The word element "emesis" refers to the act of vomiting.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The word element cise means .
- A.
Colon
- B.
Cut
- C.
Tumor, swelling, hernia, sac
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
B. CutExplanation
The word element "cise" means to cut.Rate this question:
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- 49.
The word element centesis means .
- A.
Slow
- B.
Common bile duct
- C.
Cell
- D.
Puncture
Correct Answer
D. PunctureExplanation
The correct answer is "puncture". The word element "centesis" refers to a surgical puncture or aspiration of a body cavity or organ. This procedure is often performed to remove fluid or obtain a sample for diagnostic purposes.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The word element renal means .
- A.
Kidney
- B.
Flow
- C.
Nose
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
A. KidneyExplanation
The word element "renal" refers to the kidney.Rate this question:
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