II. Medical Terminology A. Foundations Of Word Structure B. Abbreviations

The word element "cardio" refers to the heart.

The correct answer is "lab" because "lab" is the commonly used abbreviation for "laboratory".

The word element "cranio" is derived from the Latin word "cranium" which means "skull". Therefore, the correct answer is skull.

The word element "ectomy" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate the surgical removal of a specific body part or tissue. It is derived from the Greek word "ektomē," which means "excision" or "cutting out." Therefore, the correct answer is "surgical removal."

High blood pressure is commonly referred to as hypertension.

The correct answer is "carbohydrate". The abbreviation "carb" is commonly used to refer to carbohydrates, which are one of the three macronutrients that provide energy to the body. Carbohydrates are found in foods such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, and they are an important source of fuel for the body.

Menopause is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for the time when menstruation stops. Menopause is a natural process that occurs in women usually around the age of 45-55, marking the end of their reproductive years. It is characterized by a decrease in hormone production, specifically estrogen, which leads to the cessation of menstrual periods. This transition can cause various symptoms such as hot flashes, mood changes, and vaginal dryness. Menopause is an important milestone in a woman's life and signifies the end of her ability to conceive naturally.

The correct answer is "hyper" because the abbreviation for above or high is often represented by the prefix "hyper-". This prefix is commonly used in medical terms to indicate excessive or above normal levels of a certain condition or parameter. Therefore, "hyper" is the appropriate abbreviation for above or high.

The correct answer for the abbreviation of "chief complaint" is CC. This abbreviation is commonly used in medical settings to refer to the main reason or concern that a patient has for seeking medical attention. It helps healthcare providers to quickly understand and document the primary issue that needs to be addressed during the patient's visit.

The suffix -emia is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to a condition or presence of a substance in the blood. For example, anemia refers to a condition where there is a deficiency of red blood cells in the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is blood.

The correct answer is "hypo." The abbreviation "hypo" is commonly used to represent the words "below" or "low." It is often used in medical terminology to indicate a deficiency or lack of something.

The word element "pneumo" is derived from the Greek word "pneuma" which means air or lungs. This can be seen in words like pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs) and pneumothorax (air trapped in the pleural cavity). Therefore, the correct answer is "air, lungs".

Rotation refers to the circular movement around a central point. It involves the turning or twisting of a body part or the entire body in a circular motion. This movement can occur in various joints such as the shoulder, hip, or spine. Rotation allows for a wide range of movements and is essential for activities such as throwing, swinging, or turning the head.

The correct answer is "hr or h" because "hr" and "h" are commonly used abbreviations for the word "hour".

The correct answer is "pap smear" because Papanicolaou smear is commonly referred to as a pap smear. It is a screening test used to detect cervical cancer and other abnormalities in the cervix. The test involves collecting cells from the cervix and examining them under a microscope to look for any abnormal changes.

The correct answer is "dilate". The term "dilate" refers to the act of expanding or opening wider. In a medical context, it can be used to describe the widening of blood vessels or the opening of a body cavity or passageway. This term is commonly used in various medical procedures and treatments where the goal is to increase the size or diameter of a specific area.

The correct answer is "po". In medical terminology, "po" stands for "per os" which means "by mouth". This abbreviation is commonly used in prescriptions and medical instructions to indicate that a medication should be taken orally.

Hemiplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis on one side of the body. Paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body, while quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all four limbs. Coma is a state of unconsciousness and is not related to paralysis.

The correct answer for the abbreviation for cancer is "CA".

Anorexia is the medical term for loss of appetite. It is a condition characterized by a lack of desire to eat or a decreased interest in food. This can be caused by various factors such as physical illness, psychological issues, medications, or hormonal imbalances. Anorexia can lead to weight loss and nutritional deficiencies if left untreated.

Glucosuria is the medical term for sugar in the urine. This condition occurs when there is an excessive amount of glucose present in the urine. It can be a sign of uncontrolled diabetes or other medical conditions affecting the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Ketone bodies and acetone are not related to sugar in the urine, and a catheter is a medical device used for draining urine from the bladder, not a term for sugar in the urine.

The word element "rhino" is derived from the Greek word "rhinos" which means nose.

Neoplasm refers to a new growth.

The correct answer for the abbreviation of urinalysis is UA.

The correct abbreviation for gastrointestinal is GI or G.I. This abbreviation is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to the digestive system.

The correct answer is PPBS. PPBS stands for postprandial blood sugar, which refers to the blood sugar level measured after a meal. It is used to assess how well the body is able to regulate blood sugar levels after eating.

The abbreviation "d/c" is commonly used to represent the word "discontinue".

The correct answer is TPR because TPR stands for temperature, pulse, and respiration, which are three vital signs commonly measured in medical settings. This abbreviation is widely recognized and used in healthcare to refer to these three important indicators of a person's overall health and well-being.

The word element "renal" refers to the kidney.

The correct answer is TSS. Toxic shock syndrome is commonly abbreviated as TSS.

A contracture refers to the abnormal shortening of a muscle. This can occur due to various reasons such as muscle weakness, immobility, or scar tissue formation. When a muscle contracts and stays in a shortened position for a prolonged period, it can result in limited range of motion and stiffness. Contractures can be painful and can affect the function and mobility of the affected muscle or joint. Treatment options for contractures may include physical therapy, stretching exercises, medication, or in severe cases, surgery.

The word elements "algia" and "algesia" both refer to pain.

The correct answer is "vomiting." The word element "emesis" refers to the act of vomiting.

Quadriplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis from the neck down. The term "quadri" means four, indicating that all four limbs are affected by the paralysis. Paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body, hemiplegia refers to paralysis on one side of the body, and stroke is a medical condition that can cause paralysis but is not specific to paralysis from the neck down.

The word element "adeno" refers to a gland.

An involuntary movement is commonly referred to as a reflex. A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus that occurs without conscious thought or control. It is a rapid and involuntary movement that helps protect the body from harm or maintain balance. Examples of reflexes include the knee-jerk reflex and the withdrawal reflex. Therefore, reflex is the correct medical term for an involuntary movement.

Paraplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis from the waist down. The term "para" means alongside or beside, and "plegia" means paralysis. Therefore, paraplegia specifically describes paralysis of the lower limbs and lower body. Coma refers to a state of unconsciousness, quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all four limbs, and disaster is unrelated to paralysis.

The abbreviation "hs" stands for "hour of sleep" or "bedtime." It is commonly used in medical and healthcare settings to indicate the time at which a patient should go to sleep or take medication before sleeping. It is important to follow the prescribed "hs" instructions to ensure proper rest and medication effectiveness.

Abduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part away from the body's midline. This movement can occur in various joints, such as the shoulder or hip, and allows for the limb to move laterally or away from the body. Rotation refers to the movement around an axis, dorsiflexion refers to the movement of the foot upwards, and pronation refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards.

The word element "phlebo" refers to veins.

The word element "cise" means to cut.

The opposite of "deep" is "superficial".

The word element "post" means "after".

The word element "osis" means "condition of".

Menarche is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for the time when menstruation begins. Menopause, on the other hand, refers to the end of menstruation and fertility. Puberty is the stage of development when a child's body begins to change and mature, including the onset of menstruation in girls. "Period" is a colloquial term often used to refer to menstruation itself, but it is not the specific medical term for the time when menstruation begins.

A decubitus ulcer, commonly known as a bedsore, is a type of skin injury that occurs when there is prolonged pressure on a particular area of the body. This pressure restricts blood flow to the area, leading to tissue damage and the formation of an ulcer. The term "bedsore" is used because these ulcers often develop in individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility. The other options, such as blister, pimple, and fever blister, do not accurately describe a decubitus ulcer.

Erythema refers to red skin.

The correct abbreviation for "grain" is "gr".

The medical term for the basic unit of body structure is a cell. A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, and it is responsible for carrying out all the necessary functions to sustain life. Cells are the building blocks of tissues, organs, and ultimately the entire body. They come in various shapes and sizes, and each type of cell has its own unique function.

Atrophy is the medical term for a decrease in size or wasting of a body part or tissue. It refers to the gradual loss of muscle mass or tissue due to factors such as disuse, aging, or disease. Pronation is the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards, plantar flexion is the movement of the foot in which the toes point downwards, and abduction is the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. None of these terms are related to a decrease in size or wasting.