Human Body Unit Post-assessment (Grade 7)
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Human Body Post-Assessment (Grade 7)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The diagrams below illustrate the pathway and time frame for the digestion of a hamburger consisting of ground beef, ketchup, and a whole wheat bun. During which time period does most of the digestive action of bile and pancreatic juice occur? (Standard 1.2b)
- A.
6:03 p.m.-6:05 p.m.
- B.
6:05 p.m.-6:08 p.m.
- C.
10:15 p.m.-9:50 a.m.
- D.
9:50 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
- E.
1:00 p.m.-1:05 p.m.
Correct Answer
C. 10:15 p.m.-9:50 a.m.Explanation
The correct answer is 10:15 p.m.-9:50 a.m. This time period is the longest among the options given, indicating that most of the digestive action of bile and pancreatic juice occurs during this time. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and it helps break down fats in the hamburger. Pancreatic juice, produced by the pancreas, contains enzymes that further break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Given the complexity of the hamburger's composition, it would require a longer time for the digestive action of bile and pancreatic juice to fully break down the food.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In healthy bodies, potassium is found in concentrations between 3.5 to 5.0 mEq per liter of blood. It regulates water in the blood, assists in protein synthesis, and allows communication to take place between nerve cells. Potassium is naturally found in avocados, bananas, potatoes, cantaloupe, milk, oranges, raisins, salmon, and tomatoes. If an individual consumes some of these foods and immediately has a blood test, his potassium concentration may be above 7.0 mEq/L. How will the body respond to this? (Standard 1.1e)
- A.
The nervous system will work twice as quickly.
- B.
The excretory system will restore homeostasis.
- C.
The immune system will increase antibody production.
- D.
The circulatory system will adjust to a new environment.
- E.
The endocrine system will respond by releasing adrenaline.
Correct Answer
B. The excretory system will restore homeostasis.Explanation
When the individual consumes foods high in potassium, the potassium concentration in the blood may exceed the normal range. In response to this, the excretory system, specifically the kidneys, will work to restore homeostasis by removing the excess potassium from the blood and excreting it through urine. This helps maintain the proper balance of potassium in the body and prevents any potential adverse effects of high potassium levels, such as disruptions in nerve cell communication.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A sequence of structures is shown from simplest to most complex. Which structure is missing? (Standard 1.2a) Tissue à à system of the body à organism
- A.
Cell
- B.
Organelle
- C.
Population
- D.
Organ
- E.
Community
Correct Answer
D. OrganExplanation
The missing structure in the sequence is "Organ". The sequence starts with the simplest structure, which is the "Cell". Then it progresses to the "Organelle", which is a specialized structure within a cell. The next level of complexity is the "Tissue", followed by the "Organ" which is a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. The sequence then continues with the "System of the body", which is a group of organs that work together, and finally, the highest level of complexity is the "Organism".Rate this question:
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- 4.
The figure below shows the interaction between pancreatic hormones and levels of glucose in the blood.
- A.
Feedback
- B.
Digestion
- C.
Excretion
- D.
Nutrition
- E.
Hydrolysis
Correct Answer
A. FeedbackExplanation
The figure shows the interaction between pancreatic hormones and levels of glucose in the blood. This suggests that feedback mechanisms are involved in regulating glucose levels. Pancreatic hormones such as insulin and glucagon play a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. Insulin helps lower blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells, while glucagon raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. This feedback system ensures that blood glucose levels are kept within a narrow range, preventing hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Identify the organ in the human body that performs similar functions to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in your cells (Standard 1.3a).
- A.
Artery
- B.
Brain
- C.
Triceps
- D.
Hypothalamus
- E.
Ovaries
Correct Answer
A. ArteryExplanation
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum in cells is responsible for lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage. The organ in the human body that performs similar functions is the liver, not the artery. The liver is involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification of drugs and toxins, and storage of vitamins and minerals.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In humans, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the plasma (Standard 5.3 b):
- A.
Causes increased production of hydrochloric acid
- B.
Regulates gastric acid production by forming carbonic acid
- C.
Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla
- D.
Causes inflammation of the tissues of the bronchial tubes
- E.
Causes increased production of insulin by the pancreas
Correct Answer
C. Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medullaExplanation
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the plasma regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla. The medulla is a part of the brainstem that controls involuntary functions, including breathing. When carbon dioxide levels increase in the plasma, it triggers the medulla to increase the rate and depth of breathing in order to eliminate excess carbon dioxide and restore balance.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A malfunction of the thyroid gland would most likely interfere with (Standard 1.2 d)
- A.
Metabolism
- B.
Blood sugar levels
- C.
Water balance
- D.
Sodium levels
- E.
The growth of long bones
Correct Answer
A. MetabolismExplanation
A malfunction of the thyroid gland would most likely interfere with metabolism because the thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate. If the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, it can lead to an imbalance in hormone production, resulting in a slower or faster metabolism. This can cause various symptoms such as weight gain or loss, fatigue, and changes in body temperature. Therefore, a malfunction of the thyroid gland would directly affect metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A student accidentally places her hand on a tack and quickly pulls her hand away. The tack represents (Standard 5.3a):
- A.
A stimulus
- B.
An impulse
- C.
A response
- D.
An effector
- E.
A pathogen
Correct Answer
A. A stimulusExplanation
The student accidentally placing her hand on a tack is the event that triggers a response in her body. In this case, the tack acts as a stimulus, causing the student to quickly pull her hand away. The stimulus is the external factor that elicits a response or reaction in an organism.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A pulse can be detected most easily in (Standard 1.2b, 5.3a)
- A.
An artery
- B.
A vein
- C.
A capillary
- D.
A lacteal
- E.
A lymph node
Correct Answer
A. An arteryExplanation
An artery is the correct answer because arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and towards the body's tissues. The strong muscular walls of arteries help to create a pulsating effect as blood is pumped through them by the heart. This pulsation can be easily detected by feeling the pulse at various points on the body, such as the wrist or neck. Veins, capillaries, lacteals, and lymph nodes do not have the same strong pulsating effect as arteries, making it more difficult to detect a pulse in these structures.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The diagram represents the pathway of blood throughout the body. Which structure carries oxygenated blood to the body?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
7
- E.
8
Correct Answer
E. 8Explanation
Structure 8 carries oxygenated blood to the body.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how much do you already know about the human body?
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
The question asks the respondent to rate their knowledge about the human body on a scale of 1 to 4. The answer choices include all the options from 1 to 4, indicating that the respondent can choose any of the options based on their level of knowledge.Rate this question:
- 12.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how interested are you in the human body?
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
The given answer suggests that the person is equally interested in the human body regardless of the rating scale. They could be highly interested (4), moderately interested (3), slightly interested (2), or not interested at all (1).Rate this question:
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