History Of Journalism Final Pt 1

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History Of Journalism Final Pt 1 - Quiz


2009 history of journalism final quiz


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    The 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision in the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka case determined that 

    • A.

      All registered voters have a right to vote

    • B.

      Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal and, therefore, unlawful

    • C.

      Hiring in school’s must guarantee that no teacher will be discriminated against by race

    • D.

      All residents have a right to a college education

    Correct Answer
    B. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal and, therefore, unlawful
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal and, therefore, unlawful." This answer accurately reflects the decision made by the U.S. Supreme Court in the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka case in 1954. The Court ruled that segregating students based on race in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, as separate facilities were deemed inherently unequal. This landmark decision played a crucial role in desegregating schools and promoting equal educational opportunities for all students.

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  • 2. 

    Rodger streitmatter, as do many historians, cites the Civil Rights Movement as

    • A.

      Ill-timed, and would have been less violent if activists had waited a few years

    • B.

      A political movement that was spurred by extensive newspaper

    • C.

      The first great television news story

    • D.

      A political movement that was spurred by effective public relations techniques

    Correct Answer
    C. The first great television news story
    Explanation
    The given answer suggests that the Civil Rights Movement was the first great television news story. This implies that the movement gained significant attention and coverage through television, which contributed to its impact and significance. The answer also implies that the movement may have been less violent if activists had waited a few years, possibly suggesting that the media coverage played a role in escalating tensions and conflicts.

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  • 3. 

    The most dramatic image that emerged from the Central High School desegregation effort was

    • A.

      The lynching by a mob of two of the nine students

    • B.

      The relative calm that greeted a young black male student as he approached local police at the school

    • C.

      The fire bomb that exploded on the school bus as the students entered the school

    • D.

      The brutal treatment of a petite, 15-year-old black girl by redneck segregationists

    Correct Answer
    D. The brutal treatment of a petite, 15-year-old black girl by redneck segregationists
    Explanation
    The most dramatic image that emerged from the Central High School desegregation effort was the brutal treatment of a petite, 15-year-old black girl by redneck segregationists. This event showcases the extreme violence and racism faced by African American students during the desegregation process. It highlights the injustice and brutality of the segregationists and the courage and resilience of the black students who fought for their right to equal education.

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  • 4. 

    NBC correspondent John Chancellor said that with respect to the Civil Rights Movement, journalism does not initiate social change, but journalism 

    • A.

      Can destroy movements by overexposure

    • B.

      Can amplify social change

    • C.

      Can exaggerate the impact of social activists

    • D.

      Can set the record straight on who did what to whom

    Correct Answer
    B. Can amplify social change
    Explanation
    The given answer, "can amplify social change," suggests that journalism has the power to enhance or increase the impact of social movements. By reporting on important social issues and giving voice to marginalized communities, journalism can bring attention to these causes and inspire action. It can raise awareness, create empathy, and mobilize individuals to support and participate in social change efforts. Through its reach and influence, journalism can amplify the messages and goals of social activists, helping to bring about meaningful and lasting change in society.

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  • 5. 

    In the summer of 1957, african-american leaders targeted central high shool for desegregation with the enrollment of 9 black students. this took place in

    • A.

      New orleans

    • B.

      Tupelo

    • C.

      Little rock

    • D.

      Birmingham

    Correct Answer
    C. Little rock
    Explanation
    In the summer of 1957, African-American leaders targeted Central High School in Little Rock for desegregation by enrolling 9 black students. This event is known as the Little Rock Nine, a significant moment in the Civil Rights Movement. The decision to desegregate the school faced intense opposition from white segregationists, leading to a confrontation between the students, federal troops, and angry mobs. The incident highlighted the ongoing struggle for racial equality and the resistance faced by African-Americans in their pursuit of equal education rights.

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  • 6. 

    The above action is regarded as the first chapter of TVs epic coverage of the movement because

    • A.

      It was the first news story presented in full color, not just black and white

    • B.

      It gave MLK a forum for his beliefs

    • C.

      It turned what otherwise would have been a local story to a national news story

    • D.

      It lead to a rapid change in school district policy on segregation

    Correct Answer
    C. It turned what otherwise would have been a local story to a national news story
    Explanation
    The above action is regarded as the first chapter of TV's epic coverage of the movement because it turned what otherwise would have been a local story to a national news story. This suggests that the action had a significant impact on increasing the awareness and attention towards the movement, bringing it to the national stage.

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  • 7. 

    The first time that charlayne hunter gault, later of the new york times and a public broadcasting service correspondent, made the news was when

    • A.

      She defied a court order to leave a lunch counter in a segregated cafe

    • B.

      She refused to ride in the back of a bus

    • C.

      She was one of 2 african americans first admitted to Univ. of Georgia

    • D.

      She shot a white Southerner who tried to assault her

    Correct Answer
    C. She was one of 2 african americans first admitted to Univ. of Georgia
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "she was one of 2 African Americans first admitted to Univ. of Georgia." This answer is supported by the statement in the question that mentions Charlayne Hunter Gault's first appearance in the news. It states that she made the news when she was one of the first two African Americans to be admitted to the University of Georgia. This event was significant as it marked a milestone in the civil rights movement and challenged racial segregation in education.

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  • 8. 

    Police commissioner "bull" connor held great influence over the town considered the nost segregated city in amerca in the early 1960s. this city was

    • A.

      Little rock

    • B.

      Birmingham

    • C.

      Tupelo

    • D.

      New orleans

    Correct Answer
    B. Birmingham
    Explanation
    In the early 1960s, Birmingham was considered the most segregated city in America, and police commissioner "Bull" Connor held great influence over the town. His policies and actions were notorious for enforcing racial segregation and suppressing civil rights movements. Connor's use of violence against peaceful protesters, such as the use of police dogs and fire hoses, gained national attention and became a symbol of the struggle for racial equality. Therefore, Birmingham is the correct answer as it aligns with the given context.

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  • 9. 

    The racially mixed group of college students and civil rights activists who rode buses from the north into segregated southern communities was known as

    • A.

      Freedom riders

    • B.

      Carpet baggers

    • C.

      Justice journeyers

    • D.

      Abolitionists

    Correct Answer
    A. Freedom riders
    Explanation
    The racially mixed group of college students and civil rights activists who rode buses from the north into segregated southern communities was known as freedom riders. These individuals aimed to challenge and protest against the racial segregation and discrimination prevalent in the southern states during the Civil Rights Movement. They faced violent opposition and were subjected to physical attacks, but their efforts helped bring attention to the injustice and contributed to the eventual desegregation of public transportation.

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  • 10. 

    Birmingham became the target in 1963 for what one activist hoped would be a series of supposed nonviolent protests. this person was

    • A.

      Thurgood marshall

    • B.

      Martin luther king

    • C.

      Andrew young

    • D.

      Jesse jackson

    Correct Answer
    B. Martin luther king
    Explanation
    Martin Luther King became the target for a series of supposed nonviolent protests in Birmingham in 1963. As a prominent civil rights activist and leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), King believed in using peaceful demonstrations to bring attention to racial injustice. Birmingham was chosen as a target due to its deeply entrenched segregation and violent opposition to desegregation efforts. King's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, including the famous Letter from Birmingham Jail, played a significant role in raising awareness and advancing the civil rights movement.

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  • 11. 

    A massive demonstration and march took place in august 1963 with some 200,000 protestors whose actions were televised by all three networks. that event took place

    • A.

      In NYC

    • B.

      In Slma

    • C.

      Near camp david

    • D.

      In the nations capital

    Correct Answer
    D. In the nations capital
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "in the nations capital." This is because the question mentions that a massive demonstration and march took place in August 1963 with some 200,000 protestors, and their actions were televised by all three networks. The phrase "the nations capital" typically refers to Washington, D.C., where the United States government is located. Therefore, it can be inferred that the event took place in Washington, D.C.

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  • 12. 

    Media images of bull conors use of police dogs and high pressure fire hoses to subdue protestors, many of them children, led to a reaction from the public elsewhere. they reacted by

    • A.

      Organizing public marches of support in 40 cities around the country

    • B.

      Flooding the white house with phone calls for action

    • C.

      Calling their congressional representatives asking for intervention

    • D.

      Expressing embarrassment, but doing little else

    Correct Answer
    A. Organizing public marches of support in 40 cities around the country
    Explanation
    The public's reaction to the media images of Bull Connor's use of police dogs and high-pressure fire hoses to subdue protestors, many of them children, was to organize public marches of support in 40 cities around the country. This suggests that the public was outraged by the actions depicted in the images and wanted to show their solidarity with the protestors. By organizing these marches, they were able to demonstrate their support and bring attention to the issue at a national level.

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  • 13. 

    It was during this same massive march that rev. martin luther king delivered his

    • A.

      I have been on a mountaintop speech

    • B.

      I have a dream speech

    • C.

      Last speech

    • D.

      First televised speech

    Correct Answer
    B. I have a dream speech
    Explanation
    During the massive march mentioned in the question, Rev. Martin Luther King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. This speech is one of the most iconic moments in American civil rights history, where King passionately expressed his vision for racial equality and justice. The speech resonated with millions of people and became a symbol of hope and inspiration for the civil rights movement.

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  • 14. 

    In the DVD we viewed, the edmund pettis bridge that MLK and his demonstrators crossed was in

    • A.

      Athens

    • B.

      Jacksonville

    • C.

      Selma

    • D.

      Knoxville

    Correct Answer
    C. Selma
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Selma. In the DVD we viewed, MLK and his demonstrators crossed the Edmund Pettis Bridge, which is located in Selma.

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  • 15. 

    In that same dvd, we saw the president sign into law the civil rights act of 1964. that president was

    • A.

      Kennedy

    • B.

      Nixon

    • C.

      Carter

    • D.

      Johnson

    Correct Answer
    D. Johnson
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Johnson. The statement mentions that on the same DVD, they saw the president sign into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Based on historical knowledge, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act into law on July 2, 1964. Therefore, Johnson is the correct answer.

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  • 16. 

    The other key piece of legislation that followed the civil rights act was the

    • A.

      Faith family and freedom act

    • B.

      Equal protection act

    • C.

      Voting rights act

    • D.

      Equal protection act

    Correct Answer
    C. Voting rights act
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the Voting Rights Act. This legislation was enacted to protect the voting rights of racial minorities, particularly African Americans, who faced discriminatory practices such as literacy tests and poll taxes that prevented them from exercising their right to vote. The Voting Rights Act aimed to eliminate these barriers and ensure equal access to voting for all citizens, regardless of their race or ethnicity. It played a crucial role in advancing civil rights and promoting equality in the United States.

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  • 17. 

    The united states initial involvement in vietnam began

    • A.

      In the early 1950s with truman

    • B.

      In the late 1950s with eisenhower

    • C.

      In the early 1960s with kennedy

    • D.

      In the late 1960s with johnson

    Correct Answer
    A. In the early 1950s with truman
    Explanation
    In the early 1950s, the United States' initial involvement in Vietnam began with Truman. This suggests that the United States' active participation in the conflict started during Truman's presidency.

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  • 18. 

    In 1954, vietnam was divided in half. the north was

    • A.

      Communist controlled and based in saigon

    • B.

      Democratically controlled and based in saigon

    • C.

      Communist controlled and based in hanoi

    • D.

      Democratically controlled and based in hanoi

    Correct Answer
    C. Communist controlled and based in hanoi
    Explanation
    In 1954, Vietnam was divided into two halves. The correct answer states that the north was communist controlled and based in Hanoi. This is accurate because after the division, the northern part of Vietnam was under the control of the communist forces led by Ho Chi Minh. Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam, was located in the northern region and became the political center for the communist government. This division and the communist control in the north eventually led to the Vietnam War between the communist north and the democratically controlled south.

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  • 19. 

    In 1964, north vietnamese patrol boats fired on US destroyers in a Vietnamese gulf location. this attack led to a congressional action known as

    • A.

      The gulf of tonkin resolution

    • B.

      The viet cong retaliation resolution

    • C.

      The port of hanoi resolution

    • D.

      The resolution of vietnamese sovereignty

    Correct Answer
    A. The gulf of tonkin resolution
    Explanation
    In 1964, North Vietnamese patrol boats attacked US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. This incident prompted the US Congress to pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. This resolution gave President Lyndon B. Johnson the authority to take any necessary measures to protect American interests in Vietnam, effectively escalating US involvement in the Vietnam War.

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  • 20. 

    By wars end after more than 10 years, how many US men and women died in the war?

    • A.

      8000

    • B.

      58000

    • C.

      1-3 million

    • D.

      5000

    Correct Answer
    B. 58000
    Explanation
    During the war, more than 58,000 US men and women lost their lives. This indicates a significant loss of life and highlights the scale of the conflict. The number suggests that the war was a substantial and costly endeavor for the United States, with a large number of casualties.

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  • 21. 

    By wars end after more than 10 years, how many estimated southeast asians died in the war?

    • A.

      5000

    • B.

      8000

    • C.

      58000

    • D.

      1-3 million

    Correct Answer
    D. 1-3 million
    Explanation
    The question asks about the estimated number of Southeast Asians who died in the war by the end. The answer "1-3 million" suggests that the death toll of Southeast Asians during the war was estimated to be between 1 and 3 million. This indicates that a significant number of people from Southeast Asia lost their lives during the war.

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  • 22. 

    By 1972, two out of three us citizens named which medium as their main source of news

    • A.

      Newspapers

    • B.

      Magazines

    • C.

      TV

    • D.

      Radio

    Correct Answer
    C. TV
    Explanation
    In 1972, the majority of US citizens named TV as their main source of news. This is likely because television became increasingly popular and accessible during this time period. TV provided a visual and immediate way to receive news updates, allowing people to stay informed about current events more easily than through other mediums such as newspapers, magazines, or radio.

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  • 23. 

    Through 1967, most news coverage of the war was favorable. however, what event in 1968 turned the coverage into one that was more critical

    • A.

      The tet offensive

    • B.

      The tonkin offensive

    • C.

      The cu chi firefight

    • D.

      The hanoi bombing

    Correct Answer
    A. The tet offensive
    Explanation
    In 1968, the event that turned the news coverage of the war into a more critical one was the Tet Offensive. This military campaign launched by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces during the lunar new year caught the American and South Vietnamese forces off guard. The scale and coordination of the attacks challenged the perception that the war was nearing its end and exposed the limitations of the US military strategy. The Tet Offensive led to a shift in public opinion and media coverage, as it highlighted the ongoing challenges and difficulties faced by the US in the Vietnam War.

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  • 24. 

    The most controversial story of the early years of the war was by morley safer of CBS who covered events in the village of cam ne. that story showed

    • A.

      American soldiers in full retreat after an ambush

    • B.

      American soldiers being shot at by vietnamese children

    • C.

      American soldiers burning down 150 hourses by using their zippo lighters

    • D.

      Bombers strafing rice paddies in the mekong delta

    Correct Answer
    C. American soldiers burning down 150 hourses by using their zippo lighters
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "american soldiers burning down 150 houses by using their zippo lighters." This answer is supported by the information provided in the question, which states that the most controversial story of the early years of the war was by Morley Safer of CBS, who covered events in the village of Cam Ne. The question implies that Safer's story showed American soldiers burning down houses using their Zippo lighters.

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  • 25. 

    The viet cong offensive during their lunar new year holiday in 1958 was

    • A.

      A military failure by north vietnam

    • B.

      A military failure by US troops

    • C.

      A military failure by south vietnamese troops

    • D.

      A military success for the viet cong

    Correct Answer
    A. A military failure by north vietnam
    Explanation
    The correct answer is a military failure by North Vietnam. This is because the Viet Cong offensive during the lunar new year holiday in 1958 was not successful in achieving their military objectives. It is likely that North Vietnam suffered significant losses and setbacks during this offensive, leading to their failure in achieving their desired outcomes.

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  • 26. 

    In effect, what the televised news about the above offensive did to US policy was

    • A.

      To cause severe damage to the credibility of the lyndon b johnson admin

    • B.

      To bolster the resolve of the american public to win the war

    • C.

      To damage peace negotiations between north and south vietnamese

    • D.

      To give comfort to US troops and their commanders to stay the course

    Correct Answer
    A. To cause severe damage to the credibility of the lyndon b johnson admin
    Explanation
    The televised news about the offensive caused severe damage to the credibility of the Lyndon B Johnson administration. This suggests that the news coverage exposed some negative aspects or failures of the administration's policy, leading to a loss of trust and confidence in their leadership. The public's perception of the administration may have been significantly affected, potentially undermining their ability to effectively govern and make decisions.

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  • 27. 

    The man who set the tone for TV coverage after the cataclysmic new years offensive by vietnamese was "the most trusted man in america" he was

    • A.

      David halberstam

    • B.

      Chet huntley

    • C.

      Walter cronkite

    • D.

      David brinkley

    Correct Answer
    C. Walter cronkite
    Explanation
    Walter Cronkite is the correct answer because he was known as "the most trusted man in America" and he played a significant role in setting the tone for TV coverage after the cataclysmic New Year's offensive by the Vietnamese. Cronkite's credibility and authoritative reporting made him a trusted source of information for the American public during that time.

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  • 28. 

    One of the most shocking and enduring images of the brutality and senselessness of the war occurred on the streets of saigon when a north vietnamese prisoner was arrested. recorded for TV during the arrest was

    • A.

      The escape of the prisoner without any resistance from his captors

    • B.

      The suicide bombing by the prisoner as he was taken before authorities

    • C.

      The execution of the prisoner by a point blank shot to his head

    • D.

      The attack by citizens on the prisoner

    Correct Answer
    C. The execution of the prisoner by a point blank shot to his head
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is the execution of the prisoner by a point blank shot to his head. This is because the question states that the image captured on TV during the arrest was one of the most shocking and enduring images of the brutality and senselessness of the war. The execution of the prisoner by a point blank shot to his head would undoubtedly be a shocking and brutal act, highlighting the senselessness of the war.

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  • 29. 

    Walter cronkite's negative assessment of the war at that point led to Johnson to reassess his position. what did he decide to do?

    • A.

      Not run for reelection

    • B.

      Increase military funding for the war

    • C.

      Seek the help of UN coalition forces

    • D.

      Announce an impassioned plea for reelection in order to win the war

    Correct Answer
    A. Not run for reelection
    Explanation
    Walter Cronkite's negative assessment of the war caused President Johnson to reconsider his position. As a result, he decided not to run for reelection. This suggests that Johnson's assessment of the war was influenced by Cronkite's opinion and that he believed it would be difficult to win the war and gain public support for his reelection campaign. By choosing not to run for another term, Johnson likely wanted to avoid the political repercussions of continuing a war that was widely criticized.

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  • 30. 

    Contributing to the tone of news coverage was the report of an incident at the village of my lai. what did the news reports say?

    • A.

      That US soldiers had destroyed the village and killed hundreds of civilians

    • B.

      That us soldiers had been given defective weapons and died defenseless in the village

    • C.

      That children of the village were offered for sale to US troops

    • D.

      Us soldiers had retreated, despite orders from company commanders to fight

    Correct Answer
    A. That US soldiers had destroyed the village and killed hundreds of civilians
    Explanation
    The news reports stated that US soldiers had destroyed the village of My Lai and killed hundreds of civilians. This information contributed to the overall tone of the news coverage, likely portraying the incident as a tragic and devastating event.

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  • 31. 

    The Brown vs. Board of Education decision also affirmed that racial practices in Kansas and other states violated which of the following Amendments.

    • A.

      1

    • B.

      2

    • C.

      5

    • D.

      14

    Correct Answer
    D. 14
    Explanation
    The Brown vs. Board of Education decision affirmed that racial practices in Kansas and other states violated the 14th Amendment. The 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and prohibits states from denying any person within their jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This decision was significant in the fight against segregation and discrimination in education, as it declared that separate educational facilities for different races were inherently unequal and violated the rights of African American students.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following states was NOT among those cited in the Brown vs. Board of Education class action lawsuit.

    • A.

      Deleware

    • B.

      Georgia

    • C.

      South caroline

    • D.

      Alabama

    Correct Answer
    D. Alabama
    Explanation
    Alabama was not among the states cited in the Brown vs. Board of Education class action lawsuit. The landmark Supreme Court case, decided in 1954, declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. The lawsuit primarily focused on the states of Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and the District of Columbia. Alabama was not specifically mentioned in the case.

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  • 33. 

    Among the attorneys hired by the NAACP in the Brown case was a young lawyer who would later go on to become a Supreme Court Justice. That person was:

    • A.

      Oliver holms

    • B.

      Hugo black

    • C.

      Thurgood marshall

    • D.

      Ruth ginsberg

    Correct Answer
    C. Thurgood marshall
    Explanation
    Thurgood Marshall was one of the attorneys hired by the NAACP in the Brown case and later became a Supreme Court Justice.

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  • 34. 

    The appointment of the above Justice was historically significant because

    • A.

      He was the first black person on the supreme court

    • B.

      The first Southerner appointed to the federal court

    • C.

      He was the only Justice to never have completed a law degree

    Correct Answer
    A. He was the first black person on the supreme court
    Explanation
    The appointment of the above Justice was historically significant because he was the first black person on the supreme court. This marked a major milestone in the fight for racial equality and representation in the highest court of the land. It broke barriers and paved the way for more diverse and inclusive judicial appointments in the future.

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  • 35. 

    Another one of the more shocking practices by U.S. troops was revealed by television footage of Vietnamese children running down a highway, particularly the scene of a traumatized and nude young girl. That practice involved the use

    • A.

      Smart bombs

    • B.

      Naplam bombs

    • C.

      Flame throwers

    • D.

      Ieds

    Correct Answer
    B. Naplam bombs
    Explanation
    The correct answer is napalm bombs. The passage mentions that the shocking practice by U.S. troops involved the use of napalm bombs, which caused severe burns and injuries to Vietnamese children. This is supported by the mention of television footage showing a traumatized and nude young girl, which suggests the devastating effects of napalm bombings.

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  • 36. 

    In the documentary "Hearts and Minds," we witnessed the agony suffered by a Vietnam veteran pilot as he recollected his war experiences. The veteran was

    • A.

      Randy Floyd of Duncan, Oklahoma

    • B.

      . Bernie Stewart of Dallas, Texas

    • C.

      Thomas Jackson of Oklahoma City

    Correct Answer
    A. Randy Floyd of Duncan, Oklahoma
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