Hidden EP Quiz No.02

The correct answer is "Megacities" because under RA 7160 LGC Sec. 25, the types of cities in the Philippines are classified as Highly Urbanized Cities, Independent Cities, and Component Cities. Megacities is not mentioned as a specific type of city in this law.

Jane Jacobs is the correct answer because she is the planner who advocated for diversity and heterogeneity in cities. In her books "Death and Life of Great American Cities" and "Economy of Cities," Jacobs argued that diverse and mixed neighborhoods and districts promote innovation and contribute to the growth of cities. She believed that a variety of businesses and residents in close proximity foster creativity and economic development.

Rachel Louise Carson is the correct answer because she is known for her groundbreaking research on the biomagnification of pesticides and chemicals in the human food chain, which she published in her book "Silent Spring" in the 1960s. This research sparked environmental activism and raised awareness about the harmful effects of pesticides on the environment and human health. As a result of her advocacies, the US Environmental Protection Agency was created in the 1970s, along with the implementation of the Environmental Impact Assessment system.

Central Place Theory is a geographical theory that explains the distribution of goods and services in a particular area. It suggests that central places provide goods and services to surrounding areas, with larger central places offering a wider range of goods and services. In the Philippines, the location of health centers, trial courts, and police stations can be considered practical applications of Central Place Theory as they provide essential services to the surrounding population. However, the location of beach resorts does not directly relate to the distribution of goods and services, making it the exception in this context.

The correct answer is church, town hall, school, public market. According to the description of the plaza complex pattern in 'Le yes de las lndias' (1573), these buildings would be located next to each other around a Greco-Roman quadrangle of a Spanish colonial settlement. This arrangement reflects the importance of these institutions in the community and their central role in the daily life of the residents. The church would serve as a place of worship, the town hall as a center for governance, the school as a place of education, and the public market as a hub for economic activity.

Threshold population refers to the minimum population required to make a 'service' viable according to central place theory (1933). In other words, it is the minimum number of people needed to support and sustain a particular service or facility in a given area. Without reaching this threshold, the service may not be economically feasible or sustainable.

Sir Patrick Geddes is acknowledged as the 'father of regional planning'. He was a Scottish biologist and author of the book "Cities in Evolution" (1915). He coined terms such as 'folk-work-place', 'city-region', and 'conurbation', which are still widely used in the field of urban planning. His work emphasized the importance of understanding the social, economic, and environmental aspects of cities in order to plan for their sustainable development.

The correct answer is the National Economic and Development Authority. The explanation for this is that Presidential Decree No. 01, issued on September 24, 1972, implemented an Integrated Reorganization Plan which increased the number of Philippine regions to 11. As part of this reorganization, key ministries and line departments were regionalized, and a major planning agency of the government was created. This planning agency is known today as the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). Therefore, the NEDA was established as a result of the reorganization plan outlined in Presidential Decree No. 01.

In 2012, the Philippines had a total of 17 administrative regions. These regions are further divided into provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays. Each region has its own local government and is headed by a Regional Governor. These administrative regions are important for governance and the distribution of resources and services across the country.

In 1964, the Republic Act 4341 was passed in the Philippines, which established the Institute of Planning. The purpose of this center was to create a pool of professional planners in the country. This suggests that the Institute of Planning was specifically designed to train and educate individuals in the field of planning, with the intention of addressing the need for skilled planners in the Philippines.

Quezon City had the biggest population, net income, and IRA in 2011. This implies that Quezon City had the highest number of residents, the highest income after deducting expenses, and the highest share of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) among the given cities.

The correct answer is "Philippine Agenda 21". This document, titled "Philippine Agenda 21", is the official response of the Philippines to the 1992 'UNCED Earth Summit'. It presents a policy framework that redefines development as the 'drawing out of full human potential' based on the 'appropriate productivity' of nature. This means that instead of focusing on the maximum exploitation of natural resources for GDP growth, the document emphasizes sustainable development and the harmonious relationship between human development and the environment.

Urban renewal is the correct answer because it refers to the process of revitalizing and improving the physical, economic, and social aspects of a city or urban area. In this context, the program aims to rehabilitate and improve the deteriorating sections of towns by providing financial assistance to local government units (LGUs) for various improvements such as streetscapes, parks, housing, and community centers. The anticipation is that future tax revenues from real estate will cover the costs of the present improvements. Urban renewal is a commonly used term to describe such initiatives.

C = (2.6) (0.50)squared (1)
= 0.65 sq.km.

According to the model of Homer Hoyt, the sections of urban land with the highest values are those located along major roadways. This is because these areas have high accessibility and visibility, making them desirable for commercial and residential purposes. Major roadways attract a lot of traffic and provide convenient transportation options, which increases the value of the land. Additionally, being located along major roadways can also provide easy access to amenities, services, and other important locations within the city, further enhancing the desirability and value of these areas.

The correct answer is Brasilia. The design of Brasilia by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer in 1957 includes large open areas that are interconnected, symbolizing the concept of freedom. The overall layout of the city is said to resemble a dove in flight, showcasing a sense of movement and grace.

In pre-Spanish aboriginal communities in the Philippines, land tenure was based on kinship relations and the communities were relatively small. The most common practice of land tenure in this society was usufruct, where individuals would merely enjoy the 'fruits' of the land. This means that they had the right to use and benefit from the land, but they did not have ownership or control over it. Usufruct allowed for communal use and shared access to resources, reflecting the communal nature of the society.

Ian L. McHarg is the correct answer because the question states that the tool of 'map overlay' to identify 'ecological constraints' was devised in 1967 by the first modem environmental planner. Ian L. McHarg is known for his book "Design with Nature" which was published in 1969 and is considered a landmark in environmental planning. Therefore, it can be inferred that Ian L. McHarg is the first modem environmental planner who devised the tool of 'map overlay' to identify 'ecological constraints'.

People tend to locate where exchange, interchange, and access to other land uses are at maximum in urban development. This is because being located along major transportation routes provides easier access to resources, markets, and opportunities for economic activity. It allows for efficient movement of goods and services, facilitates trade and commerce, and promotes connectivity between different areas. Additionally, having access to transportation infrastructure such as roads and vehicles is essential for businesses to operate effectively. Therefore, urban development tends to occur along major transportation routes to maximize the benefits of exchange, interchange, and access to various land uses.

Sir Patrick Leslie Abercrombie is the correct answer because he led the crafting of the regional 'Greater London Plan of 1944' and designed post-war New Towns, including Doncaster area and East Kent. In his designs, he used open space as a structuring element. This indicates that he had a significant role in urban planning and architectural development in the post-war period in Britain.

A chart-like tool to measure 'centrality' of a place particularly its range of economic and social functions is called a scalogram. A scalogram is a graphical representation that visually displays the level of centrality of a place based on various economic and social factors. It helps in understanding the importance and influence of a place in terms of its economic and social functions.

The correct answer is March 22. This is because the question states that each of the given days is observed on a specific date, and the date for World Water Day is not mentioned. Therefore, we can conclude that World Water Day is celebrated on March 22.

Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory suggests that settlements are organized in a hierarchical manner. This hierarchy is characterized by a few large cities, which serve as central places and provide a wide range of goods and services. These large cities are surrounded by some medium-sized cities that offer a more limited range of goods and services. Finally, there are many small settlements that cater to the basic needs of the population. This hierarchy ensures that there is a balanced distribution of resources and services across the region, with larger cities serving as central hubs for economic activity.

The correct answer is "Reduccion." Reduccion refers to the Spanish spatial strategy of forming dense settlements from scattered dwellings for the purpose of greater military defense and political control. This policy aimed to bring together dispersed populations within hearing distance of church bells. It was applied to most Spanish colonies from the 16th to 18th centuries.

The correct answer is National Planning Commission. The explanation is that through Presidential Letter of Instruction 367 in 1950, the government combined the National Urban Planning Commission, Real Property Board, and Capital City Planning Commission to create the National Planning Commission. This commission was the first physical planning body established by the government.

The pattern of land use described in the question, where manufacturers locate close to transport arteries, blue-collar workers locate close to their jobs, and traders and retailers pay higher for choice locations in the city center, aligns with the principles of the Urban Bid-Rent theory proposed by Alonso, Muth, and Mills. This theory suggests that land rent decreases as one moves away from the city center, and different land uses are determined by the varying rent prices.

'World Environment Day' is marked on the 5th day of the month of June.

Robert Moses is the correct answer because he was the chief planner of New York City and worked with Thomas Adams to create the "Regional Plan of New York and its Environs 1922-1931." He was also responsible for overseeing the construction of numerous public works projects, including parkways, expressways, and public housing in the New York metropolitan area. His influence and impact on the development of New York City make him the most fitting choice among the given options.

Abraham Maslow elaborated on the grouping of needs that includes physiological needs, physical safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization/self-realization. Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that individuals must fulfill their basic physiological needs such as food, water, and shelter before moving on to higher-level needs such as safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. This hierarchy implies that individuals strive to satisfy their most basic needs first and then progress to higher-level needs as they are fulfilled. Maslow's theory has been influential in understanding human motivation and the factors that contribute to overall well-being.

According to von Thunen's theory, the profitability of agriculture depends on the equation LR=Y(p-c)-Ytd. In this case, the yield of palay is given as 3,500 kgs and the NFA buying price is P17.00 per kilo. The production cost is 45 cents per square meter per day, which is equivalent to P12.00 per kilo. The transport cost is P1.00 per kilo. Plugging these values into the equation, we get LR = 3,500(17-12) - 3,500(1)(5) = 3,500(5) - 3,500(5) = 0. Since the result is zero, it means that the farmer would not make any profit from cultivating palay at this specific farm location. Therefore, the answer is No.

New Urbanism is an approach in urban planning that prioritizes the well-being of people and nature. It involves building upon the historic city or traditional neighborhood in a way that promotes walkability, with workplaces, shops, and homes all within close proximity to each other. This approach aims to create vibrant and sustainable communities that reduce the need for cars and encourage a more connected and active lifestyle.

In Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory, first-order services refer to basic goods and services that are essential for daily needs. Neighborhood stores typically provide these basic goods and services to the local community. On the other hand, grocery stores, gas stations, furniture shops, and post offices are examples of secondary services. Secondary services are more specialized and provide a wider range of goods and services compared to first-order services.

The correct answer is market range and threshold population. This means that in order for a state university, consumer mall, sports stadium, or tertiary-level hospital to be established, there needs to be a sufficient market range and threshold population in the municipality. This implies that there must be enough people and demand in the area to support and sustain these facilities. Without a large enough market range and threshold population, it would not be financially viable or profitable to establish these institutions in every municipality.

The most appropriate use of the innermost circle in William Alonso's Bid-Rent Theory is shopping & retail services. According to the theory, land use is determined by the bid-rent curve, where the intensity of land use decreases as distance from the central area increases. The innermost circle represents the central area, which is the most accessible and therefore suitable for high-intensity commercial activities like shopping and retail services.

In his book "Edge City: Life on the New Frontier," Peirce F. Lewis describes a "Galactic City" as a type of urban development characterized by leapfrog development and sprawl. Leapfrog development refers to the pattern of urban growth where new development occurs in areas that are disconnected or far away from existing urban areas. Sprawl refers to the spread of low-density development over a large area. Therefore, the correct answer is "Galactic City" because it aligns with Lewis's description of urban development characterized by leapfrog development and sprawl.

Neo-Liberalism is the correct answer because it aligns with the description given in the question. Neo-Liberalism advocates for a borderless global economy with free trade and movement of capital. It supports limited government intervention and promotes policies such as deregulation, privatization, and structural adjustments. This ideology emphasizes individual freedom and market forces as the driving factors for economic growth and development.

Anthropos is the correct answer because in human settlements planning or Ekistics, the smallest unit is the individual human being. Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis emphasized the importance of focusing on the needs and well-being of the individual in the planning and design of human settlements. By considering the needs and characteristics of each person, it is possible to create more sustainable and livable neighborhoods and communities.

According to the Chicago school of human ecology, 'succession' refers to the process in which immigrants settle in waves and define new land uses for themselves. This concept suggests that pioneers and opportunists push the 'land frontier' farther out, leading to the evolution and development of new communities and neighborhoods. 'Succession' implies a gradual and sequential change in the land use patterns as different groups of immigrants arrive and establish their presence.

Shells and networks pertain to the built environment or physical capital. This refers to the physical infrastructure and structures that make up human settlements, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and other man-made elements. Shells and networks are the tangible components of a settlement that provide the framework for human activities and interactions within a community.

The correct answer is "Exclusionary Zoning." New Urbanism is a planning and design movement that promotes mixed-use zoning, neo-traditional design, and pedestrianization. These elements aim to create walkable, sustainable, and inclusive communities. However, exclusionary zoning is a practice that restricts certain types of housing or population groups from certain areas, often leading to segregation and inequality. It goes against the principles of New Urbanism, which seeks to create diverse and inclusive neighborhoods.

The correct answer is Central Place Theory. This theory suggests that settlements are distributed evenly and symmetrically in space, with a hierarchy and equilibrium between larger and smaller settlements. It also emphasizes the interdependence and complementation of functions between these settlements. Geographic Determinism focuses on the influence of geography on human behavior, while Dependency Theory examines the relationship between developed and developing countries. The Galaxy of Settlements Theory is not a recognized theory in geography.

The correct answer is William Alonso, Richard E. Muth, and Edwin S. Mills. This is because the statement in the question aligns with the theory of bid rent, which was developed by Alonso, Muth, and Mills. According to this theory, in a perfectly competitive market, firms are willing to pay more for land closer to the center of a place due to reduced transportation costs. Therefore, land at the center always has the highest value. This theory is widely used in urban economics and spatial planning.

In Homer Hoyt's model (1939), the elite class would place their high-end subdivisions in section 'D'.

The 'multiple nuclei' model of Harris and Ullmann suggests that cities have diverse economic functions that tend to cluster around multiple points of growth. This means that different industries and economic activities are concentrated in specific areas within a city, rather than being evenly distributed. This clustering allows for specialization and efficiency, as businesses and industries can benefit from proximity to related activities and resources. It also leads to the development of distinct neighborhoods or districts within a city, each with its own economic focus.

Homer Hoyt is the correct answer for this question. He is a theorist of urban land use who states that land use follows transport in the same way that population and business follow roads. Hoyt's theory, known as the sector model, suggests that cities develop in a series of sectors radiating outwards from the city center, with different land uses concentrated in different sectors based on their accessibility to transportation routes. This theory emphasizes the influence of transportation on the spatial organization of cities.

In Ernest Burgess' concentric model, factories and workshops would most likely locate in the second circle from the center. This is because the model suggests that cities grow outward in a series of concentric circles, with the central business district at the center and different land uses occupying different rings. The second circle from the center is typically characterized by industrial activities, making it the most likely location for factories and workshops.

The correct answer is "agropolis." The typology of cities under the Ekistics school of Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis does not include agropolis. The other options, ecumenopolis, megalopolis, metropolis, and eperopolis, are all part of the typology. Agropolis refers to a city that focuses primarily on agriculture, whereas the Ekistics school focuses more on urban planning and the development of cities.

The sector model describes the pattern of radial or axial growth along lines of least resistance. In this model, the city expands outward from a central business district along transportation routes or other major corridors. The sectors formed by these routes become specialized areas for different land uses, such as residential, industrial, or commercial. This model suggests that cities grow in a pie-shaped pattern, with the sectors expanding outward from the center. It is based on the idea that certain factors, such as transportation or topography, create lines of least resistance for urban development.

The given explanation suggests that the correct answer is "Political Economy" because this school of thought focuses on the idea that cities are driven by the accumulation of capital and the power struggles between different social groups. It highlights the role of the rich and powerful in using cities as a means to amass wealth through various economic processes such as commercialization, gentrification, manipulation, and land speculation. This aligns with the concepts and principles of political economy, which studies the interaction between politics and economics and how they shape society and the distribution of resources.

Jean Gettman is attributed to the original concept of 'megalopolis' as an extended or super-sized urban area.