Hidden EP Quiz No.02
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
A Scottish biologist who authored the masterpiece entitled "Cities in Evolution" (1915) and who coined the terms 'folk- work-place', 'city-region' and 'conurbation' is acknowledged as the 'father of regional planning'
- A.
Sir Patrick Leslie Abercrombie
- B.
Sir Patrick Geddes
- C.
Lewis Mumford
- D.
Barry Parker
Correct Answer
B. Sir Patrick GeddesExplanation
Sir Patrick Geddes is acknowledged as the 'father of regional planning'. He was a Scottish biologist and author of the book "Cities in Evolution" (1915). He coined terms such as 'folk-work-place', 'city-region', and 'conurbation', which are still widely used in the field of urban planning. His work emphasized the importance of understanding the social, economic, and environmental aspects of cities in order to plan for their sustainable development.Rate this question:
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- 2.
He led the crafting of the regional 'Greater London Plan of 1944', he designed some of 30 post-war New Towns approved by the British Parliament, including Doncaster area and East Kent, in which he used open space as structuring element.
- A.
Sir Patrick Leslie Abercrombie
- B.
Sir Patrick Geddes
- C.
Lewis Mumford
- D.
Charles Abrams
Correct Answer
A. Sir Patrick Leslie AbercrombieExplanation
Sir Patrick Leslie Abercrombie is the correct answer because he led the crafting of the regional 'Greater London Plan of 1944' and designed post-war New Towns, including Doncaster area and East Kent. In his designs, he used open space as a structuring element. This indicates that he had a significant role in urban planning and architectural development in the post-war period in Britain.Rate this question:
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- 3.
She was called a 'superwoman' who single handedly sparked environmental activism in the 1960s-70s with her research ('Silent Spring) on biomagnification of pesticides and chemicals in the human food chain; her advocacies bore fruit in the creation of US Environmental Protection Agency and Environmental Impact Assessment system in the 1970s.
- A.
Gro Harlem Brundtland
- B.
Catherine Bauer Wurster
- C.
Rachel Louise Carson
- D.
Marthc1 C. Nussbaum
Correct Answer
C. Rachel Louise CarsonExplanation
Rachel Louise Carson is the correct answer because she is known for her groundbreaking research on the biomagnification of pesticides and chemicals in the human food chain, which she published in her book "Silent Spring" in the 1960s. This research sparked environmental activism and raised awareness about the harmful effects of pesticides on the environment and human health. As a result of her advocacies, the US Environmental Protection Agency was created in the 1970s, along with the implementation of the Environmental Impact Assessment system.Rate this question:
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- 4.
If 'Earth Hour' is observed on the last Saturday of March, 'Earth Day USA' is celebrated annually on April 22, 'World Town Planning Day' falls on November 8, 'World Environment Day' is marked on the 51h day of the month of
- A.
May
- B.
June
- C.
September
- D.
October
Correct Answer
B. JuneExplanation
'World Environment Day' is marked on the 5th day of the month of June.Rate this question:
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- 5.
If 'World Heritage Day' is marked each year on April 18, 'World Biodiversity Day' is observed on May 22, 'World Ocean Day' on June 8, 'World Indigenous Peoples Day' on August 9, 'World Animal Day' on October 4, and 'World Food Day' on October 16, when is 'World Water Day' celebrated?
- A.
January 13
- B.
March 22
- C.
June 24
- D.
October 31
Correct Answer
B. March 22Explanation
The correct answer is March 22. This is because the question states that each of the given days is observed on a specific date, and the date for World Water Day is not mentioned. Therefore, we can conclude that World Water Day is celebrated on March 22.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Based on his landmark book, "Design with Nature," 'map overlay' to identify 'ecological constraints' was a tool devised in 1967 by the first modem environmental planner.
- A.
Ian L. McHarg
- B.
Konstantinos Doxiadis
- C.
Francis Stuart Chapin Jr
- D.
Erma Bernbeck
Correct Answer
A. Ian L. McHargExplanation
Ian L. McHarg is the correct answer because the question states that the tool of 'map overlay' to identify 'ecological constraints' was devised in 1967 by the first modem environmental planner. Ian L. McHarg is known for his book "Design with Nature" which was published in 1969 and is considered a landmark in environmental planning. Therefore, it can be inferred that Ian L. McHarg is the first modem environmental planner who devised the tool of 'map overlay' to identify 'ecological constraints'.Rate this question:
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- 7.
This started as a US federal program in 1949 which aimed to rehabilitate the outworn or decaying sections of any town by extending fund assistance to LGUs to undertake improvements in streetscapes, parks, green ways, housing, community centers, etc based on anticipation that future tax revenues from real estate will pay for present costs.
- A.
Land re-adjustment
- B.
Urban restructuring
- C.
Infill and densification
- D.
Urban renewal
Correct Answer
D. Urban renewalExplanation
Urban renewal is the correct answer because it refers to the process of revitalizing and improving the physical, economic, and social aspects of a city or urban area. In this context, the program aims to rehabilitate and improve the deteriorating sections of towns by providing financial assistance to local government units (LGUs) for various improvements such as streetscapes, parks, housing, and community centers. The anticipation is that future tax revenues from real estate will cover the costs of the present improvements. Urban renewal is a commonly used term to describe such initiatives.Rate this question:
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- 8.
As chief planner of New York City, he collaborated with Thomas Adams in crafting the "Regional Plan of New York and its Environs 1922-1931 ;" he also conceived, and executed public works costing $27 billion between 1324 and 1968 and was responsible for virtually every parkway, expressway, and public housing project in New York metropolitan area.
- A.
William Levitt
- B.
Fiorello La Guardia
- C.
Robert Murray Haig
- D.
Robert Moses
- E.
Warren Buffett
Correct Answer
D. Robert MosesExplanation
Robert Moses is the correct answer because he was the chief planner of New York City and worked with Thomas Adams to create the "Regional Plan of New York and its Environs 1922-1931." He was also responsible for overseeing the construction of numerous public works projects, including parkways, expressways, and public housing in the New York metropolitan area. His influence and impact on the development of New York City make him the most fitting choice among the given options.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The design of this city by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer (1957) features large open areas relating to one other to demonstrate 'freedom' and an overall city layout resembling a 'dove in flight'.
- A.
Brasilia
- B.
Sydney
- C.
Chandigarh
- D.
Canberra
- E.
Islamabad
Correct Answer
A. BrasiliaExplanation
The correct answer is Brasilia. The design of Brasilia by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer in 1957 includes large open areas that are interconnected, symbolizing the concept of freedom. The overall layout of the city is said to resemble a dove in flight, showcasing a sense of movement and grace.Rate this question:
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- 10.
'Ekistics' or the 'science of human settlements' by Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis (1951) was built upon the concept of "basic needs," which were later categorized by Johann Galtung into "material survival & security needs," "social or enabling needs," and non-material "human needs". Which grouping of needs was elaborated on by Abraham Maslow?
- A.
Food, water, clothing, shelter, sanitation, health care, energy/fuel, employment, peace and order,
- B.
Self-expression, sex, procreation, recreation, education, communication, and transportation
- C.
Physiological needs, physical safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self-actualization/self-realization
- D.
Freedom, security, identity, well-being, ecological balance
Correct Answer
C. Physiological needs, physical safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self-actualization/self-realizationExplanation
Abraham Maslow elaborated on the grouping of needs that includes physiological needs, physical safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization/self-realization. Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that individuals must fulfill their basic physiological needs such as food, water, and shelter before moving on to higher-level needs such as safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. This hierarchy implies that individuals strive to satisfy their most basic needs first and then progress to higher-level needs as they are fulfilled. Maslow's theory has been influential in understanding human motivation and the factors that contribute to overall well-being.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The following are the basic elements of 'human settlements' according to Dr. Konstantinos Doxiadis. Which one pertains to the built environment or physical capital?
- A.
Anthropos
- B.
Nature
- C.
Shells and networks
- D.
Society
- E.
Social structure
Correct Answer
C. Shells and networksExplanation
Shells and networks pertain to the built environment or physical capital. This refers to the physical infrastructure and structures that make up human settlements, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and other man-made elements. Shells and networks are the tangible components of a settlement that provide the framework for human activities and interactions within a community.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the smallest unit in the 'human settlements planning' or Ekistics by Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis (1951 )?
- A.
House
- B.
Anthropos
- C.
Organism
- D.
Neighborhood
- E.
Hamlet
Correct Answer
B. AnthroposExplanation
Anthropos is the correct answer because in human settlements planning or Ekistics, the smallest unit is the individual human being. Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis emphasized the importance of focusing on the needs and well-being of the individual in the planning and design of human settlements. By considering the needs and characteristics of each person, it is possible to create more sustainable and livable neighborhoods and communities.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is not part of typology of cities under Ekistics school of Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis (1951 )?
- A.
ecumenopolis
- B.
Megalopolis
- C.
Metropolis
- D.
Agropolis
- E.
Eperopolis
Correct Answer
D. AgropolisExplanation
The correct answer is "agropolis." The typology of cities under the Ekistics school of Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis does not include agropolis. The other options, ecumenopolis, megalopolis, metropolis, and eperopolis, are all part of the typology. Agropolis refers to a city that focuses primarily on agriculture, whereas the Ekistics school focuses more on urban planning and the development of cities.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In "Death and Life of Great American Cities" (1961) and "Economy of Cities" (1969), this planner maintains that 'diversity' promotes innovation among proximate firms and spurs the growth of cities, thus s/he advocated for heterogeneity, variety, and mixture in the geographic clustering of firms as well as in the composition of city districts and neighborhoods.
- A.
Herbert Gans
- B.
James Howard Kunstler
- C.
Joel Garreau
- D.
Jane Jacobs
Correct Answer
D. Jane JacobsExplanation
Jane Jacobs is the correct answer because she is the planner who advocated for diversity and heterogeneity in cities. In her books "Death and Life of Great American Cities" and "Economy of Cities," Jacobs argued that diverse and mixed neighborhoods and districts promote innovation and contribute to the growth of cities. She believed that a variety of businesses and residents in close proximity foster creativity and economic development.Rate this question:
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- 15.
An approach in urban planning that puts premium on people and nature by building upon the historic city or traditional neighborhood in such a way that workplaces, shops, and homes would be within walking distance of each other.
- A.
Nee-Populism
- B.
Eco-Village
- C.
New Urbanism
- D.
Dynapolis
- E.
Transit-Oriented Development
Correct Answer
C. New UrbanismExplanation
New Urbanism is an approach in urban planning that prioritizes the well-being of people and nature. It involves building upon the historic city or traditional neighborhood in a way that promotes walkability, with workplaces, shops, and homes all within close proximity to each other. This approach aims to create vibrant and sustainable communities that reduce the need for cars and encourage a more connected and active lifestyle.Rate this question:
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- 16.
All of the following schemes are associated with 'New Urbanism' except:
- A.
Mixed Use Zoning
- B.
Neo-Traditional Design
- C.
Exclusionary Zoning
- D.
Pedestrianization
Correct Answer
C. Exclusionary ZoningExplanation
The correct answer is "Exclusionary Zoning." New Urbanism is a planning and design movement that promotes mixed-use zoning, neo-traditional design, and pedestrianization. These elements aim to create walkable, sustainable, and inclusive communities. However, exclusionary zoning is a practice that restricts certain types of housing or population groups from certain areas, often leading to segregation and inequality. It goes against the principles of New Urbanism, which seeks to create diverse and inclusive neighborhoods.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Because Pre-Spanish aboriginal communities in the Philippines were relatively small and based on kinship relations, the most common practice of land tenure in pre-colonial society, wherein one would merely enjoy the 'fruits' of land, was called
- A.
Primitive communism
- B.
Islamic feudalism
- C.
Usufruct
- D.
Tenancy
- E.
Swidden slash-and-burn
Correct Answer
C. UsufructExplanation
In pre-Spanish aboriginal communities in the Philippines, land tenure was based on kinship relations and the communities were relatively small. The most common practice of land tenure in this society was usufruct, where individuals would merely enjoy the 'fruits' of the land. This means that they had the right to use and benefit from the land, but they did not have ownership or control over it. Usufruct allowed for communal use and shared access to resources, reflecting the communal nature of the society.Rate this question:
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- 18.
This was the Spanish spatial strategy of forming dense settlements from scattered dwellings for purposes of greater, military defense and political control - literally bringing together dispersed population within hearing distance of church bells -- which policy was applied on most Spanish colonies from 16th to18th centuries.
- A.
El Alcance del Campanario
- B.
Presidio y Fortaleza
- C.
Reduccion
- D.
Evangelizacion
Correct Answer
C. ReduccionExplanation
The correct answer is "Reduccion." Reduccion refers to the Spanish spatial strategy of forming dense settlements from scattered dwellings for the purpose of greater military defense and political control. This policy aimed to bring together dispersed populations within hearing distance of church bells. It was applied to most Spanish colonies from the 16th to 18th centuries.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Under the plaza complex pattern described in 'Le yes de las lndias' ( 1573), what would be located next to each other around a Greco-Roman quadrangle of a Spanish colonial settlement?
- A.
Garden, fountains, monuments, statues, gallery and promenade
- B.
Governor's mansion, bishop's palace, general's manor, hacendero's villa, military garrison
- C.
Church, town hall, school, public market
- D.
Houses of peninsulares, insulares, creoles, mestizos, principales and ilustrados
Correct Answer
C. Church, town hall, school, public marketExplanation
The correct answer is church, town hall, school, public market. According to the description of the plaza complex pattern in 'Le yes de las lndias' (1573), these buildings would be located next to each other around a Greco-Roman quadrangle of a Spanish colonial settlement. This arrangement reflects the importance of these institutions in the community and their central role in the daily life of the residents. The church would serve as a place of worship, the town hall as a center for governance, the school as a place of education, and the public market as a hub for economic activity.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Through Presidential Letter of Instruction 367 in 1950 combining National Urban Planning Commission, Real Property Board, and Capital City Planning Commission, the government created this first physical planning body.
- A.
National Planning Commission
- B.
National Disaster Coordinating Council
- C.
National Environmental Protection Agency
- D.
Human Settlements Regulatory Commission
Correct Answer
A. National Planning CommissionExplanation
The correct answer is National Planning Commission. The explanation is that through Presidential Letter of Instruction 367 in 1950, the government combined the National Urban Planning Commission, Real Property Board, and Capital City Planning Commission to create the National Planning Commission. This commission was the first physical planning body established by the government.Rate this question:
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- 21.
In 1964, Republic Act 4341 established this center to create a pool of professional planners in the Philippines.
- A.
Local Government Academy
- B.
Development Academy of the Philippines
- C.
Institute of Planning
- D.
UPLB Institute of Environmental Science and Management
Correct Answer
C. Institute of PlanningExplanation
In 1964, the Republic Act 4341 was passed in the Philippines, which established the Institute of Planning. The purpose of this center was to create a pool of professional planners in the country. This suggests that the Institute of Planning was specifically designed to train and educate individuals in the field of planning, with the intention of addressing the need for skilled planners in the Philippines.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Presidential Decree No. 01 Integrated Reorganization Plan on September 24, 1972 increased the number of Philippine regions to 11, regionalized key ministries and line departmerts, and created a major planning agency of government which is known today as
- A.
Philippine Economic Zone Authority
- B.
National Land Use Committee
- C.
Congressional Planning and Budget Office
- D.
National Economic and Development Authority
Correct Answer
D. National Economic and Development AuthorityExplanation
The correct answer is the National Economic and Development Authority. The explanation for this is that Presidential Decree No. 01, issued on September 24, 1972, implemented an Integrated Reorganization Plan which increased the number of Philippine regions to 11. As part of this reorganization, key ministries and line departments were regionalized, and a major planning agency of the government was created. This planning agency is known today as the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). Therefore, the NEDA was established as a result of the reorganization plan outlined in Presidential Decree No. 01.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In 2012, how many administrative regions does the Philippines have?
- A.
13
- B.
15
- C.
16
- D.
17
Correct Answer
D. 17Explanation
In 2012, the Philippines had a total of 17 administrative regions. These regions are further divided into provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays. Each region has its own local government and is headed by a Regional Governor. These administrative regions are important for governance and the distribution of resources and services across the country.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Under RA 7160 LGC Sec. 25, which of the following is not among the types of cities in the Philippines.
- A.
Highly Urbanized Cities
- B.
Independent Cities
- C.
Megacities
- D.
Component Cities
Correct Answer
C. MegacitiesExplanation
The correct answer is "Megacities" because under RA 7160 LGC Sec. 25, the types of cities in the Philippines are classified as Highly Urbanized Cities, Independent Cities, and Component Cities. Megacities is not mentioned as a specific type of city in this law.Rate this question:
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- 25.
In 2011, which Philippine city had the biggest population,net income and IRA?
- A.
City of Manila
- B.
Makati City
- C.
Quezon City
- D.
Cebu City
Correct Answer
C. Quezon CityExplanation
Quezon City had the biggest population, net income, and IRA in 2011. This implies that Quezon City had the highest number of residents, the highest income after deducting expenses, and the highest share of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) among the given cities.Rate this question:
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- 26.
This 1997 document is the Philippines' official response to 1992 'UNCED Earth Summit' and contains a policy framework that redefines development as the 'drawing out of full human potential' according to the 'appropriate productivity' of nature, rather than optimal or maximum exploitation of natural resources to achieve GDP growth.
- A.
Philippine Strategy for Sustainable Development
- B.
Philippine Philippine Strategy Covenant for on Total Sustainable Human Development Development
- C.
Strategic national Action program
- D.
Philippine Agenda 21
Correct Answer
D. Philippine Agenda 21Explanation
The correct answer is "Philippine Agenda 21". This document, titled "Philippine Agenda 21", is the official response of the Philippines to the 1992 'UNCED Earth Summit'. It presents a policy framework that redefines development as the 'drawing out of full human potential' based on the 'appropriate productivity' of nature. This means that instead of focusing on the maximum exploitation of natural resources for GDP growth, the document emphasizes sustainable development and the harmonious relationship between human development and the environment.Rate this question:
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- 27.
This School of Thought holds that the settlements form in a balanced manner; they tend to be spread evenly and symmetrically in isotropic space, displaying both hierarchy and equilibrium arising from the interdependence between big and small settlements and from the complementation between their respective scope of functions
- A.
Galaxy of Settlements Theory
- B.
Central Place Theory
- C.
Geographic Determinism
- D.
Dependency Theory
Correct Answer
B. Central Place TheoryExplanation
The correct answer is Central Place Theory. This theory suggests that settlements are distributed evenly and symmetrically in space, with a hierarchy and equilibrium between larger and smaller settlements. It also emphasizes the interdependence and complementation of functions between these settlements. Geographic Determinism focuses on the influence of geography on human behavior, while Dependency Theory examines the relationship between developed and developing countries. The Galaxy of Settlements Theory is not a recognized theory in geography.Rate this question:
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- 28.
This School of Thought maintains that cities are 'theaters of capital accumulation',largely a consequence of class-based struggle among groups for strategic dominance and control surplus. Such conflict is usually won by the rich and powerful through agents of capital such as multi-national corporations which use the city to amass wealth by raising property values through commercialization, gentrification, manipulation, and land speculation.
- A.
Capital Theoretic Model
- B.
Political Economy
- C.
Natural Capitalism
- D.
David Harvey's Circuit of Capital
Correct Answer
B. Political EconomyExplanation
The given explanation suggests that the correct answer is "Political Economy" because this school of thought focuses on the idea that cities are driven by the accumulation of capital and the power struggles between different social groups. It highlights the role of the rich and powerful in using cities as a means to amass wealth through various economic processes such as commercialization, gentrification, manipulation, and land speculation. This aligns with the concepts and principles of political economy, which studies the interaction between politics and economics and how they shape society and the distribution of resources.Rate this question:
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- 29.
This School of Thought describes a borderless global economy characterized by free trade and free movement of capital wherein nation-states would have 'lean and mean' governments which pursue policies of liberation, deregulation, privatization, de- bureaucratization,'unbundling', 'de-coupling', and similar structural adjustments.
- A.
World Systems Theory
- B.
State Corporatism
- C.
Neo-Liberalism
- D.
Liberal Democracy
Correct Answer
C. Neo-LiberalismExplanation
Neo-Liberalism is the correct answer because it aligns with the description given in the question. Neo-Liberalism advocates for a borderless global economy with free trade and movement of capital. It supports limited government intervention and promotes policies such as deregulation, privatization, and structural adjustments. This ideology emphasizes individual freedom and market forces as the driving factors for economic growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Johann Heinreich von Thunen's theory of agricultural rent is symbolized as "LR=Y(p-c)-Ytd' where "Y" is yield or total harvest, "P" is price of crop, "C"is production cost of crop, "t" is transport cost and "D" is distance to market. If yield of palay is 3,500 kgs,NFA buying price is P17.00 per kilo, distance is 5km., given farmer's gross production cost of 45 cents per square meter per day for unit production cost of P12.00 per kilo,would palay cultivation be profitable at this specific farm location if transport cost is P1.00 per kilo of palay?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
- C.
It depends on the weather
- D.
It depends on quality of road & capacity of vehicle
Correct Answer
B. NoExplanation
According to von Thunen's theory, the profitability of agriculture depends on the equation LR=Y(p-c)-Ytd. In this case, the yield of palay is given as 3,500 kgs and the NFA buying price is P17.00 per kilo. The production cost is 45 cents per square meter per day, which is equivalent to P12.00 per kilo. The transport cost is P1.00 per kilo. Plugging these values into the equation, we get LR = 3,500(17-12) - 3,500(1)(5) = 3,500(5) - 3,500(5) = 0. Since the result is zero, it means that the farmer would not make any profit from cultivating palay at this specific farm location. Therefore, the answer is No.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory, The catchment area of a central place takes the shape of a hexagon rather than a perfect circle. If a particular service or function such as elementary school enrolment is represented by the formula,"C=2.6r2d," what would be the catchment area of elementary school if its radius is 0.50km and diameter is one km?
- A.
0.65 sq.km
- B.
0.75 sq.km
- C.
0.85 sq.km
- D.
0.95 sq.km
Correct Answer
A. 0.65 sq.kmExplanation
C = (2.6) (0.50)squared (1)
= 0.65 sq.km.Rate this question:
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- 32.
In Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory (1933), neighborhood store is an example of first- order services while grocery store, gas station, furniture shop, and post office are examples of
- A.
Secondary services
- B.
Tertiary services
- C.
Quaternary services
- D.
Quinary services
Correct Answer
A. Secondary servicesExplanation
In Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory, first-order services refer to basic goods and services that are essential for daily needs. Neighborhood stores typically provide these basic goods and services to the local community. On the other hand, grocery stores, gas stations, furniture shops, and post offices are examples of secondary services. Secondary services are more specialized and provide a wider range of goods and services compared to first-order services.Rate this question:
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- 33.
In central place theory (1933), this refers to the minimum population required to make a 'service' viable.
- A.
Resident population
- B.
Captive market
- C.
Threshold population
- D.
Population explosion
Correct Answer
C. Threshold populationExplanation
Threshold population refers to the minimum population required to make a 'service' viable according to central place theory (1933). In other words, it is the minimum number of people needed to support and sustain a particular service or facility in a given area. Without reaching this threshold, the service may not be economically feasible or sustainable.Rate this question:
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- 34.
A chart-like tool to measure 'centrality' of a place particularly its range of economic and social functions, is called
- A.
Matrix
- B.
lsotims
- C.
Lsodapanes
- D.
Scalogram
Correct Answer
D. ScalogramExplanation
A chart-like tool to measure 'centrality' of a place particularly its range of economic and social functions is called a scalogram. A scalogram is a graphical representation that visually displays the level of centrality of a place based on various economic and social factors. It helps in understanding the importance and influence of a place in terms of its economic and social functions.Rate this question:
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- 35.
All of the following are practical applications of Central Place Theory in the Philippines, except one.
- A.
Location of health centers
- B.
Location of trial courts
- C.
Location of beach resorts
- D.
Location of police stations
Correct Answer
C. Location of beach resortsExplanation
Central Place Theory is a geographical theory that explains the distribution of goods and services in a particular area. It suggests that central places provide goods and services to surrounding areas, with larger central places offering a wider range of goods and services. In the Philippines, the location of health centers, trial courts, and police stations can be considered practical applications of Central Place Theory as they provide essential services to the surrounding population. However, the location of beach resorts does not directly relate to the distribution of goods and services, making it the exception in this context.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What Christallerian principles form the basis why a state university, a consumer mall, a huge sports stadium, or a tertiary-level hospital can not be established in each and every Philippine municipality?
- A.
Spatial equity and bio-geographic equity
- B.
Specialization and concentration
- C.
Market range and threshold population
- D.
Profitability and pecuniary interest
Correct Answer
C. Market range and threshold populationExplanation
The correct answer is market range and threshold population. This means that in order for a state university, consumer mall, sports stadium, or tertiary-level hospital to be established, there needs to be a sufficient market range and threshold population in the municipality. This implies that there must be enough people and demand in the area to support and sustain these facilities. Without a large enough market range and threshold population, it would not be financially viable or profitable to establish these institutions in every municipality.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The 'hierarchy of settlements' in Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory is characterized by
- A.
Equally-sized large cities in every region
- B.
Only one large city, many small settlements
- C.
Only medium-sized and small settlements
- D.
A few large cities, some medium cities, many small settlements
Correct Answer
D. A few large cities, some medium cities, many small settlementsExplanation
Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory suggests that settlements are organized in a hierarchical manner. This hierarchy is characterized by a few large cities, which serve as central places and provide a wide range of goods and services. These large cities are surrounded by some medium-sized cities that offer a more limited range of goods and services. Finally, there are many small settlements that cater to the basic needs of the population. This hierarchy ensures that there is a balanced distribution of resources and services across the region, with larger cities serving as central hubs for economic activity.Rate this question:
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- 38.
According to the Chicago school of human ecology, 'Invasion' refers to how pioneers and opportunists push the 'land frontier' farther out; when immigrants settle in waves, they define new land uses for themselves in a process called
- A.
'evolution'
- B.
'co-location'
- C.
'succession'
- D.
'acclimatization'
- E.
'cohabitation'
Correct Answer
C. 'succession'Explanation
According to the Chicago school of human ecology, 'succession' refers to the process in which immigrants settle in waves and define new land uses for themselves. This concept suggests that pioneers and opportunists push the 'land frontier' farther out, leading to the evolution and development of new communities and neighborhoods. 'Succession' implies a gradual and sequential change in the land use patterns as different groups of immigrants arrive and establish their presence.Rate this question:
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- 39.
In the model of mono-centric cities, it is assumed that manufacturers locate close to transport arteries, blue-collar workers locate close to their jobs, while traders and retailers pay higher for choice locations in city center to have command of the market.This pattern of land use is explained better by which theory of spatial planning?
- A.
Urban Bid-Rent by Alonso, Muth, and Mills
- B.
Cumulative Causation by Gunnar Myrdal
- C.
Urban Land Nexus Theory by David Harvey
- D.
City as Growth Machine by John Logan & Harvey Molotch
Correct Answer
A. Urban Bid-Rent by Alonso, Muth, and MillsExplanation
The pattern of land use described in the question, where manufacturers locate close to transport arteries, blue-collar workers locate close to their jobs, and traders and retailers pay higher for choice locations in the city center, aligns with the principles of the Urban Bid-Rent theory proposed by Alonso, Muth, and Mills. This theory suggests that land rent decreases as one moves away from the city center, and different land uses are determined by the varying rent prices.Rate this question:
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- 40.
"When all land is identical and there is perfect competition among profit-maximizing firms, land is sold to the highest willing bidder. As a firm moves closer to the center of a place, transport costs fall which increases the amount a firm is willing to pay for land. Thus,land at the center always has has the highest value.
- A.
Johann Henreich von Thunen, Walter Christaller, and George Kingsley Zipf
- B.
William Alonso, Richard E. Muth and Edwin S. Mills
- C.
Alfred Weber, August Losch, and Walter lsard
- D.
Roderick D. McKenzie, Amos H. Hawley, Robert Park
Correct Answer
B. William Alonso, Richard E. Muth and Edwin S. MillsExplanation
The correct answer is William Alonso, Richard E. Muth, and Edwin S. Mills. This is because the statement in the question aligns with the theory of bid rent, which was developed by Alonso, Muth, and Mills. According to this theory, in a perfectly competitive market, firms are willing to pay more for land closer to the center of a place due to reduced transportation costs. Therefore, land at the center always has the highest value. This theory is widely used in urban economics and spatial planning.Rate this question:
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- 41.
In William Alonso's Bid-Rent Theory (1960), the most appropriate use of the innermost circle in the diagram is
- A.
Farming of the most expensive crops
- B.
Terminal for commuters, central rail station
- C.
Central park
- D.
Shopping & retail services
Correct Answer
D. Shopping & retail servicesExplanation
The most appropriate use of the innermost circle in William Alonso's Bid-Rent Theory is shopping & retail services. According to the theory, land use is determined by the bid-rent curve, where the intensity of land use decreases as distance from the central area increases. The innermost circle represents the central area, which is the most accessible and therefore suitable for high-intensity commercial activities like shopping and retail services.Rate this question:
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- 42.
It in 'Ernest Burgess' concentric Model (1925), factories and work-shops would most likely locate in
- A.
The innermost circle,
- B.
The outermost circle
- C.
The second circle from the center
- D.
The third circle from the center
Correct Answer
C. The second circle from the centerExplanation
In Ernest Burgess' concentric model, factories and workshops would most likely locate in the second circle from the center. This is because the model suggests that cities grow outward in a series of concentric circles, with the central business district at the center and different land uses occupying different rings. The second circle from the center is typically characterized by industrial activities, making it the most likely location for factories and workshops.Rate this question:
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- 43.
It in Homer Hoyt's model (1939), where would the elite class place their high-end subdivisions?
- A.
Section 'A'
- B.
Section 'B1'
- C.
Section 'C'
- D.
Section 'D'
Correct Answer
D. Section 'D'Explanation
In Homer Hoyt's model (1939), the elite class would place their high-end subdivisions in section 'D'.Rate this question:
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- 44.
'Leapfrog development' and 'sprawl' are what you commonly see in what Peirce F. Lewis calls
- A.
Circumferential City
- B.
Multi-cellular city
- C.
Stellar City
- D.
Galactic City
Correct Answer
D. Galactic CityExplanation
In his book "Edge City: Life on the New Frontier," Peirce F. Lewis describes a "Galactic City" as a type of urban development characterized by leapfrog development and sprawl. Leapfrog development refers to the pattern of urban growth where new development occurs in areas that are disconnected or far away from existing urban areas. Sprawl refers to the spread of low-density development over a large area. Therefore, the correct answer is "Galactic City" because it aligns with Lewis's description of urban development characterized by leapfrog development and sprawl.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The 'multiple nuclei' model of Harris and Ullmann (1945) posits that
- A.
Cities have varied natural res.ources that stimulate progress in different locations
- B.
Diversified economic functions of cities cluster around several points of growth
- C.
Zoning of cities closely follows the flow or 'circuits of capital'
- D.
Air transport, sea transport, land transport facilities are the logical growth zones of cities
Correct Answer
B. Diversified economic functions of cities cluster around several points of growthExplanation
The 'multiple nuclei' model of Harris and Ullmann suggests that cities have diverse economic functions that tend to cluster around multiple points of growth. This means that different industries and economic activities are concentrated in specific areas within a city, rather than being evenly distributed. This clustering allows for specialization and efficiency, as businesses and industries can benefit from proximity to related activities and resources. It also leads to the development of distinct neighborhoods or districts within a city, each with its own economic focus.Rate this question:
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- 46.
'Urban development' tends to occur along major transportation routes because
- A.
Power/water connections and other utilities are naturally linear
- B.
Business can not take place without roads and vehicles
- C.
Migration usually occurs lineally from point A to point B such as in exodus, processions, or diasporas
- D.
People tend to locate where exchange, interchange, and access to other land uses are at maximum
Correct Answer
D. People tend to locate where exchange, interchange, and access to other land uses are at maximumExplanation
People tend to locate where exchange, interchange, and access to other land uses are at maximum in urban development. This is because being located along major transportation routes provides easier access to resources, markets, and opportunities for economic activity. It allows for efficient movement of goods and services, facilitates trade and commerce, and promotes connectivity between different areas. Additionally, having access to transportation infrastructure such as roads and vehicles is essential for businesses to operate effectively. Therefore, urban development tends to occur along major transportation routes to maximize the benefits of exchange, interchange, and access to various land uses.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which theorist of urban land use states categorically that land use follows transport in the same manner that both population and business follow roads?
- A.
Ernest Burgess
- B.
Homer Hoyt
- C.
Chauncey Harris & Edward Ullman
- D.
Peirce Lewis
Correct Answer
B. Homer HoytExplanation
Homer Hoyt is the correct answer for this question. He is a theorist of urban land use who states that land use follows transport in the same way that population and business follow roads. Hoyt's theory, known as the sector model, suggests that cities develop in a series of sectors radiating outwards from the city center, with different land uses concentrated in different sectors based on their accessibility to transportation routes. This theory emphasizes the influence of transportation on the spatial organization of cities.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following land-use models describes the pattern of radial or axial growth along lines of least resistance?
- A.
Multiple Nuclei
- B.
Concentric Zone
- C.
Sector Model
- D.
Polycentric Model
Correct Answer
C. Sector ModelExplanation
The sector model describes the pattern of radial or axial growth along lines of least resistance. In this model, the city expands outward from a central business district along transportation routes or other major corridors. The sectors formed by these routes become specialized areas for different land uses, such as residential, industrial, or commercial. This model suggests that cities grow in a pie-shaped pattern, with the sectors expanding outward from the center. It is based on the idea that certain factors, such as transportation or topography, create lines of least resistance for urban development.Rate this question:
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- 49.
In the model of Homer Hoyt, the sections of urban land with the highest values are those:
- A.
Downtown sections facing seas, lakes & near waterfronts
- B.
On top of hills and elevated areas called 'uptowns'
- C.
Immediately around public offices I institutional sector
- D.
Along major roadways
Correct Answer
D. Along major roadwaysExplanation
According to the model of Homer Hoyt, the sections of urban land with the highest values are those located along major roadways. This is because these areas have high accessibility and visibility, making them desirable for commercial and residential purposes. Major roadways attract a lot of traffic and provide convenient transportation options, which increases the value of the land. Additionally, being located along major roadways can also provide easy access to amenities, services, and other important locations within the city, further enhancing the desirability and value of these areas.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The original concept of 'megalopolis' as an extended or super-sized urban area is attributed to
- A.
Jean Gettman
- B.
Konstantinos Doxiadis
- C.
Dennis Rondinelli
- D.
Andreas Faludi
Correct Answer
A. Jean GettmanExplanation
Jean Gettman is attributed to the original concept of 'megalopolis' as an extended or super-sized urban area.Rate this question:
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