Grade 4 Chapter 2 Science Vocabulary

Chlorophyll is the correct answer because the explanation states that part of the word comes from the Greek word for "green", suggesting that the word refers to the substance in plants that makes them green. Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for the green color in plants and is essential for photosynthesis.

Stamens are the small stalks surrounding the pistil in a flower. They are the male reproductive parts of a flower and consist of the filament and anther. The anther produces pollen, which contains the sperm cells. The pollen is then transferred to the pistil for fertilization. Therefore, stamens play a crucial role in the reproduction of flowering plants.

Fertilization is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which the sperm cell and egg cell combine to form a zygote. This process occurs in sexual reproduction and is essential for the creation of new organisms. Pollination, on the other hand, is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ to the female reproductive organ in plants. Ovation is unrelated to the process of combining sperm and egg cells.

The pollen tube reaches the ovary, which is the thick bottom part of the pistil. The ovary contains the ovules, where the eggs are located. This is where fertilization occurs, as the pollen tube delivers the sperm cells to the eggs for fertilization to take place.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (sugar) and oxygen. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where the pigment chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy. This process is essential for the survival of plants and is responsible for producing oxygen, which is vital for all living organisms.

Sepals are the small, green leaves located below the petals of a flower. They are usually green in color and protect the developing flower bud. Sepals play a crucial role in protecting the flower and are often the outermost part of the flower structure.

The small knoblike structures in the center of the flower are called the pistil. The pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower and is composed of the stigma, style, and ovary. It is responsible for receiving pollen and producing seeds.

When a seed does not receive the necessary conditions for growth, it enters a state of dormancy. Dormancy is a period of inactivity or rest in which the seed remains alive but does not grow. During this time, the seed conserves energy and waits for the right conditions, such as sufficient water, sunlight, and temperature, to resume its growth and development.