General Awareness: Technology and You Set 3

The '.TXT' extension typically refers to a text file. Text files contain plain text and can be opened and edited using a simple text editor. They do not contain any formatting or special features like images, audio, or interactive elements. Text files are commonly used for storing and exchanging basic textual information.

The '.JPG' extension typically refers to an image file. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a commonly used image format that uses '.JPG' as its file extension. This format is widely supported and is known for its ability to compress images without significant loss in quality. Therefore, when encountering a file with the '.JPG' extension, it is usually safe to assume that it is an image file.

The '.TMP' extension is commonly used to indicate temporary files. Temporary files are created by various programs to store temporary data or to serve as a temporary workspace. These files are typically used to store information that is only needed temporarily and can be safely deleted once the task is completed. Therefore, the correct answer is "Temporary file".

A collection of two or more computers that are located within a limited distance of each other and that are connected to each other directly or indirectly is called a Local Area Network.

AM stands for Amplitude Modulation. Amplitude modulation is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude (strength) of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the waveform being transmitted. This allows the transmission of both the audio (or other information) and the carrier wave, resulting in the modulation of the carrier's amplitude.

The correct answer is Uninterruptable Power Supply. In a foodmart, computers and cash registers are often connected to a UPS system to ensure that they continue to function even during power outages or fluctuations. A UPS provides a backup power source, usually in the form of batteries, to keep the connected devices running smoothly and prevent data loss or disruptions in service.

A capacitor consists of two plates separated by a dielectric material, which can store electric charge. When a voltage is applied across the plates, one plate accumulates positive charge while the other accumulates negative charge. This separation of charge creates an electric field between the plates, allowing the capacitor to store electrical energy. Capacitors are commonly used in electronic circuits for various purposes such as energy storage, filtering, and timing.

Sabeer Bhatia is the correct answer because he co-founded Hotmail in 1996 and later sold the company to Microsoft. Hotmail was one of the first web-based email services and gained significant popularity before being acquired by Microsoft for a reported $400 million. Sabeer Bhatia's role in founding and selling Hotmail showcases his entrepreneurial success in the tech industry.

In the United States, the television broadcast standard is NTSC. NTSC stands for National Television System Committee, which is the analog television system used in North America, including the United States. It was developed in the 1940s and has a frame rate of 30 frames per second. NTSC is compatible with older analog televisions and is gradually being phased out in favor of digital broadcasting standards.

In a color television set using a picture tube, a high voltage is required to accelerate electron beams and light the screen. The correct answer is 25 thousand volts because this voltage is necessary to provide the necessary energy for the electron beams to create the desired image on the screen. This high voltage is essential for the proper functioning of the television set and to ensure the brightness and clarity of the displayed picture.

In 1972, the symbol "@" was chosen for its use in e-mail addresses.

The correct answer is yoke. The yoke is a component in a picture tube that consists of electromagnetic coils. These coils are responsible for controlling the movement of the electron beam, allowing it to move from side to side and up and down. The yoke plays a crucial role in directing the electron beam and ensuring accurate positioning of the image on the screen.

Neon lighting installations in the UK require a fireman's switch. This switch is designed to cut off power to the neon lights in case of an emergency, allowing firefighters to safely work without the risk of electric shock. The fireman's switch is an important safety measure to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of both firefighters and the public.

The correct answer is "Flyback." In a home television, the transformer that develops high voltage is commonly known as a flyback transformer. This transformer is responsible for generating the high voltage needed to power the cathode ray tube (CRT) and produce the electron beam that creates the images on the screen. The flyback transformer works by rapidly storing energy in its primary winding and then releasing it in a high-voltage pulse to the CRT.

The first ARPANET message was "lo". This was a short form of "login", as the intention was to send a message from one computer to another to establish a connection. The message was meant to be "login" but the system crashed after transmitting the first two letters, hence only "lo" was successfully sent. This simple message marked the beginning of the ARPANET, which eventually evolved into the modern internet.