Gene Expression II: Translation -- Protein Synthesis

Translation occurs in the: 

Alanyl-tRNA synthetase joins the amino acid alanine to its specific tRNA. It is an example of the class of enzymes called ________.

A base at the 5' end of the codon hydrogen bonds with a base at the ___' end of the anticodon.

There is more than one codon for most amino acids. That is, the genetic code is _______.

When a new charged tRNA arrives at the ribosome to participate in translation, it binds to the _______ site of the ribosome.

In eukaryotes, translation (almost) always begins with the codon AUG and the first amino acid added to the polypeptide is _______, which is coded by this codon. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

N-formyl methionine is the first amino acid added to a new polypeptide in _______. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

Prokaryotes mRNAs code for more than one polypeptide, that is, they are _________ mRNAs.

Several ribosomes can be translating a mRNA at the same time. When seen under the electron microscope, this cluster of ribosomes is called a _______. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

When the codon _______, which is one of the three possible terminator (nonsense, stop) codons, is in the aminoacyl position of the ribosome, translation termination occurs.

If a tRNA had the anticodon: 5' CUU 3', then the amino acid it is attached to is _______. (Careful! Remember codon-anticodon pairing is antiparallel.)

During tRNA charging, an amino acid always attaches to a nucleotide that has the nitrogen base _______.

The CCA nucleotide triplet is added to the ___' end of the tRNA.

During translation, the codon CUU always codes for leucine. That is, the genetic code is _______.

MRNAs have a segment at the 5' end and at the 3' end that is not translated into polypeptide (the part before the initiator codon and after the terminator codon). This region is called the ______.

The process of adding an amino acid to the 3' end of a tRNA is called _______.