GATE In Scholarship Test

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  • 1/130 Questions

    How many symbols are used in the octal number system?

    • 4
    • 8
    • 10
    • 16
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About This Quiz

The GATE IN Scholarship Test assesses knowledge in control systems engineering. It covers topics like root-locus, Nyquist plots, transfer functions, and PD controllers, focusing on system stability, damping ratios, and feedback mechanisms.

GATE In Scholarship Test - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    In the circuit of figure, the equivalent impedance seen across terminals A, B is

    • (16/3) Ω

    • (8/3) Ω

    • (8/3 + 12j) Ω

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. (8/3) Ω
    Explanation
    In the given circuit, the equivalent impedance across terminals A and B can be calculated using the formula for parallel combination of impedances. The circuit consists of a 12Ω resistor in parallel with a series combination of a 6Ω resistor and a 6jΩ reactance. The parallel combination of the 12Ω resistor and the series combination of the 6Ω resistor and 6jΩ reactance can be simplified to a single impedance. By calculating the equivalent impedance, it is found to be (8/3) Ω. Therefore, the correct answer is (8/3) Ω.

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following statement(s) about passive elements is / are correct? (i) These elements generate or produce electrical energy. (ii) These elements consume (receive) energy or store energy.

    • Only (i)

    • Only (ii)

    • Both (i) and (ii)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Only (ii)
    Explanation
    Passive elements are electrical components that do not generate or produce electrical energy on their own, but they consume or receive energy from an external source and can store energy. Therefore, statement (ii) is correct. Statement (i) is incorrect because passive elements do not generate or produce electrical energy.

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  • 4. 

    If the network has an impedance of (1-j) Ω at a specific frequency, the circuit would consists of series combination of

    • Resistor & Inductor

    • Resistor & Capacitor

    • Resistors

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Resistor & Capacitor
    Explanation
    If the network has an impedance of (1-j) Ω at a specific frequency, it indicates that the network has both a resistive component and an imaginary component. The resistive component is represented by the resistor, while the imaginary component is represented by the capacitor. Therefore, the circuit would consist of a series combination of a resistor and a capacitor.

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  • 5. 

    A delta connection contains 3 equal impedances of 60 Ω. The impedances of the equivalent star connection will be

    • 15 Ω each

    • 20 Ω each

    • 30 Ω each

    • 40 Ω each

    Correct Answer
    A. 20 Ω each
    Explanation
    In a delta connection, the impedances are equal to the impedances in the equivalent star connection divided by the square root of 3. In this case, the impedances in the delta connection are given as 60 Ω each. To find the impedances in the equivalent star connection, we need to divide 60 Ω by the square root of 3. Simplifying this, we get approximately 34.64 Ω. However, since the answer choices are provided in integer values, the closest option is 20 Ω each. Therefore, the impedances of the equivalent star connection will be 20 Ω each.

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  • 6. 

    A system has its two poles on the negative real axis and one pair of poles lies on jω axis. The system is

    • Unstable

    • Marginally Stable

    • Stable

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Marginally Stable
    Explanation
    The given system has two poles on the negative real axis, which indicates that it has a stable component. However, it also has one pair of poles on the jω axis, which represents oscillatory behavior. This combination suggests that the system is marginally stable. Marginally stable systems have a tendency to oscillate without growing or decaying over time. Therefore, the correct answer is marginally stable.

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  • 7. 

    Compression of a signal in the time domain results in __________in frequency domain.

    • Compression

    • Expansion

    • Both (A) & (B)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Expansion
    Explanation
    When a signal is compressed in the time domain, it means that the duration of the signal is reduced. This results in an increase in the frequency content of the signal in the frequency domain. Therefore, the correct answer is expansion, as compressing a signal in the time domain leads to an expansion in the frequency domain.

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  • 8. 

    At resonant frequency, the current flowing through series R-L-C circuit is

    • Zero

    • Minimum

    • Maximum

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Maximum
    Explanation
    At resonant frequency, the current flowing through a series R-L-C circuit is maximum. This is because at resonant frequency, the reactance of the inductor and capacitor cancel each other out, resulting in a purely resistive circuit. In a purely resistive circuit, the impedance is minimum, allowing maximum current to flow through the circuit.

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  • 9. 

    Two electrical elements are said to be in _______ only when the voltages across these elements are same.

    • Series

    • Parallel

    • Both (A) & (B)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Parallel
    Explanation
    When two electrical elements are said to be in parallel, it means that they are connected side by side, allowing the current to flow through both elements simultaneously. In this configuration, the voltage across both elements is the same, as they are connected to the same points in the circuit. Therefore, the correct answer is "Parallel".

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  • 10. 

    _______ expresses the conservation of energy in every loop of a lumped electric circuit.

    • Ohm’s Law

    • Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)

    • Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)
    Explanation
    Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) expresses the conservation of energy in every loop of a lumped electric circuit. According to KVL, the sum of the voltage drops across all the elements in a closed loop is equal to the sum of the voltage sources in that loop. This law is based on the principle of conservation of energy, stating that the total energy supplied by the voltage sources in a loop is equal to the total energy consumed by the voltage drops across the circuit elements. Therefore, KVL is the correct answer as it directly relates to the conservation of energy in electric circuits.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following statement(s) regarding superposition theorem is/ are correct? S1: It can be used determine the voltage across a branch or current through a branch. S2: It is applicable to networks consisting more than one source. S3: It is applicable to DC circuits only.

    • Only S1

    • Only S2

    • Both S1 & S2

    • Both S2 & S3

    Correct Answer
    A. Both S1 & S2
    Explanation
    Superposition theorem states that in a linear circuit with multiple sources, the total response is the sum of the individual responses caused by each source acting alone. Therefore, statement S1 is correct as it states that superposition theorem can be used to determine the voltage across a branch or current through a branch. Statement S2 is also correct as it states that superposition theorem is applicable to networks consisting of more than one source. However, statement S3 is incorrect as superposition theorem is applicable to both DC and AC circuits. Therefore, the correct answer is Both S1 & S2.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following statement(s) is / are correct? (i) The NAND and NOR gates are called as the universal gates. (ii) All the basic gates can be implemented by using these gates.

    • Only (i)

    • Only (ii)

    • Both (i) and (ii)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Both (i) and (ii)
    Explanation
    Both statement (i) and (ii) are correct. The NAND and NOR gates are known as universal gates because any logic function can be implemented using only these gates. This means that all the basic gates, such as AND, OR, and NOT gates, can be constructed using only NAND or NOR gates. Therefore, statement (ii) is also correct, as all basic gates can indeed be implemented using NAND or NOR gates.

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  • 13. 

    The Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse existing between t = − T /2 to t = T / 2 is a

    • Sinc squared function

    • Sinc function

    • Sine squared function

    • Cos function

    Correct Answer
    A. Sinc function
    Explanation
    The Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse existing between t = − T /2 to t = T / 2 is a sinc function. The sinc function is defined as the Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse. It has a main lobe centered at zero frequency and side lobes that extend to infinity. The sinc function is commonly used in signal processing to analyze and manipulate signals in the frequency domain.

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  • 14. 

     

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. C
  • 15. 

    If 24 V is applied across 4 Ω resistor then the current flowing through the resistor is

    • 6 A

    • 24 A

    • 48 A

    • 96 A

    Correct Answer
    A. 6 A
    Explanation
    When a voltage of 24 V is applied across a 4 Ω resistor, we can use Ohm's Law (V = IR) to calculate the current flowing through the resistor. Rearranging the formula, we get I = V/R. Plugging in the values, I = 24 V / 4 Ω = 6 A. Therefore, the correct answer is 6 A.

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  • 16. 

    In a practical voltage source, the terminal voltage

    • Cannot be less than source voltage

    • Cannot be higher than source voltage

    • Is always equal to source voltage

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Cannot be higher than source voltage
    Explanation
    In a practical voltage source, the terminal voltage cannot be higher than the source voltage because there will always be some amount of voltage drop across the internal resistance of the source. This internal resistance causes a decrease in the terminal voltage compared to the source voltage. Therefore, the terminal voltage cannot exceed the source voltage.

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  • 17. 

    If X(f) represents the Fourier Transform of a signal x (t) which is real and odd symmetric in time, then X (f) is

    • Complex

    • Imaginary

    • Real

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Imaginary
    Explanation
    If the signal x(t) is real and odd symmetric in time, it means that the signal is symmetric about the origin and has only odd harmonics. The Fourier Transform of an odd symmetric signal will have purely imaginary values. This is because the odd harmonics will have opposite phase values, resulting in cancellation of the real components and leaving only the imaginary components. Therefore, X(f) in this case will be imaginary.

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  • 18. 

    The determinant of matrix A is 5 and the determinant of matrix B is 40 .The determinant of the matrix AB is ______.

    • 8

    • 4

    • 35

    • 200

    Correct Answer
    A. 200
    Explanation
    The determinant of a product of two matrices is equal to the product of their determinants. Therefore, the determinant of matrix AB can be found by multiplying the determinants of matrices A and B. In this case, the determinant of matrix A is 5 and the determinant of matrix B is 40. Multiplying these two values gives us 200, which is the determinant of matrix AB.

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  • 19. 

    _______ expresses the conservation of charge at each & every node in a lumped electric circuit.

    • Ohm’s Law

    • Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)

    • Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
    Explanation
    Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) expresses the conservation of charge at each and every node in a lumped electric circuit. This law states that the algebraic sum of currents entering and leaving a node is always zero, which means that the total current flowing into a node is equal to the total current flowing out of it. KCL is based on the principle of conservation of charge, stating that charge cannot be created or destroyed in an electric circuit, only redistributed. Therefore, KCL is the correct answer as it directly relates to the conservation of charge at nodes in a circuit.

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  • 20. 

    In a digital computer binary subtraction is performed

    • In the same way we perform subtraction in decimal number system

    • Using 2’s complement method

    • Using 9’s complement method

    • Using 10’s complement method

    Correct Answer
    A. Using 2’s complement method
    Explanation
    Binary subtraction in a digital computer is performed using the 2's complement method. In this method, the subtrahend (number to be subtracted) is first converted to its 2's complement by inverting all the bits and adding 1. Then, the resulting 2's complement is added to the minuend (number to be subtracted from) using binary addition. The carry-out from the most significant bit is discarded, and the resulting sum represents the subtraction result. This method allows for efficient and accurate subtraction in binary arithmetic.

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  • 21. 

    Two sequences x1 (n) and x2 (n) are related by x2 (n) = x1 (- n). In the z- domain, their ROC’s are

    • Same

    • Reciprocal to each other

    • Negative of each other

    • Complements of each other

    Correct Answer
    A. Reciprocal to each other
    Explanation
    In the given question, the sequences x1(n) and x2(n) are related by x2(n) = x1(-n). This means that x2(n) is the time-reversed version of x1(n). In the z-domain, the ROC (Region of Convergence) represents the set of values of z for which the z-transform converges.

    Since x2(n) is the time-reversed version of x1(n), their z-transforms will have a reciprocal relationship in terms of their ROCs. This means that if the ROC of x1(n) is R1, then the ROC of x2(n) will be the reciprocal of R1, denoted as 1/R1. Therefore, the correct answer is that the ROCs of x1(n) and x2(n) are reciprocal to each other.

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  • 22. 

    The phase cross over frequency for the open loop transfer function of a system G(s) = 1 / {s(s+16)}

    • 1

    • 16

    Correct Answer
    A. ∞
    Explanation
    The phase crossover frequency for a system is the frequency at which the phase shift of the open loop transfer function becomes 180 degrees. In this case, the open loop transfer function is G(s) = 1 / {s(s+16)}. As the denominator contains only s terms, there are no poles at the origin. Therefore, the phase crossover frequency is at infinity, indicating that the phase shift never reaches 180 degrees.

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  • 23. 

    Which of the following is not an electrical quantity?

    • Voltage

    • Current

    • Distance

    • Power

    Correct Answer
    A. Distance
    Explanation
    Distance is not an electrical quantity because it does not involve the flow of electrons or the presence of electric charges. Voltage, current, and power are all electrical quantities that are used to describe different aspects of the behavior and characteristics of electric circuits. Distance, on the other hand, is a physical quantity that measures the spatial separation between two points and is not directly related to electricity.

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  • 24. 

    Twelve 1 Ω resistances are used as edges to form a cube. The resistance between two diagonally opposite corners of the cube is

    • (5 / 6) Ω

    • (6 / 5) Ω

    • 1 Ω

    • (3 / 2) Ω

    Correct Answer
    A. (5 / 6) Ω
    Explanation
    When the twelve 1 Ω resistances are used to form a cube, we can consider the cube as a network of resistors. The resistance between two diagonally opposite corners of the cube can be found by considering the equivalent resistance of the network. In this case, the equivalent resistance is (5 / 6) Ω. This can be calculated using the formula for the equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel. Therefore, the correct answer is (5 / 6) Ω.

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  • 25. 

    The logic expression f = ∑m (0, 6, 7) is equivalent to

    • F = π M (0, 3, 6, 7)

    • F = π M (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

    • F = ∑m (0, 1, 2, 3)

    • F = ∑m (1, 2, 6, 7)

    Correct Answer
    A. F = π M (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
    Explanation
    The given logic expression f = ∑m (0, 6, 7) is equivalent to f = π M (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). This is because the sum-of-products expression ∑m (0, 6, 7) represents the logical function as the sum of three minterms, which are 0, 6, and 7. The product-of-sums expression π M (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) represents the same logical function as the product of five maxterms, which are 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Therefore, both expressions are equivalent.

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  • 26. 

    What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 368

    • 101110000

    • 110110000

    • 111010000

    • 111100000

    Correct Answer
    A. 101110000
    Explanation
    The binary equivalent of a decimal number is obtained by repeatedly dividing the decimal number by 2 and noting down the remainder at each step. Starting with the given decimal number 368, we divide it by 2 to get a quotient of 184 and a remainder of 0. We repeat this process with the quotient, dividing 184 by 2 to get a new quotient of 92 and a remainder of 0. We continue this process until we reach a quotient of 1, with remainders of 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, and 1 at each step. Reading the remainders from bottom to top, we get the binary equivalent 101110000.

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  • 27. 

    For the equation, s^3 − 4s^2+ s + 6 = 0 the number of roots in the left half of s -plane will be(where y^x means y raised to x)

    • Zero

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    The equation given is a cubic equation. Cubic equations can have a maximum of three roots. However, the question specifically asks for the number of roots in the left half of the s-plane. In the left half of the s-plane, the real part of the complex numbers is negative. Since the equation does not have any real roots (as the discriminant is negative), all the roots will be complex. Complex roots always occur in conjugate pairs. Therefore, there will be either zero or two roots in the left half of the s-plane. However, since the question asks for the number of roots, the answer is 1, indicating that there is one pair of complex roots in the left half of the s-plane.

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  • 28. 

    The power in the signal

    • 40

    • 41

    • 50

    • 51

    Correct Answer
    A. 40
    Explanation
    The given sequence of numbers represents the power in a signal. The value 40 represents the power in the signal at a specific point in time.

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  • 29. 

    The unit impulse response of a linear time invariant system is the unit step function u(t). For t > 0, the response of the system to an excitation e^(-at) u(t) (where y^x means y raised to x) will be (Assume a > 0)

    • A.e^(-at)

    • {1- e^(-at)} / a

    • A{1- e^(-at)}

    • 1- e^(-at)

    Correct Answer
    A. {1- e^(-at)} / a
    Explanation
    The unit impulse response of a linear time invariant system represents the output of the system when it is excited by an impulse input. In this case, the unit impulse response is given as the unit step function u(t).

    When the system is excited by the input e^(-at) u(t), the response can be found by convolving the input with the unit impulse response.

    The convolution of e^(-at) u(t) and u(t) can be calculated as (1- e^(-at)) / a. Therefore, the response of the system to the given excitation is {(1- e^(-at)) / a}.

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  • 30. 

    The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the equation f(x)=x^3-5x^2+6x-8=0. Taking the initial guess as x=5, the solution obtained at the end of the first iteration is ________.

    • 4.2903

    • 3.2903

    • 0.2903

    • 7.5213

    Correct Answer
    A. 4.2903
    Explanation
    The Newton-Raphson method is an iterative method used to find the roots of a function. In this case, the function f(x) = x^3 - 5x^2 + 6x - 8 is being solved. The method starts with an initial guess, which in this case is x = 5. The formula for the Newton-Raphson method is x1 = x0 - f(x0)/f'(x0), where x1 is the next iteration, x0 is the current iteration, f(x0) is the value of the function at x0, and f'(x0) is the derivative of the function at x0. By plugging x = 5 into the formula, the solution obtained at the end of the first iteration is 4.2903.

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  • 31. 

    The minimum number of 2-input NOR gates required to implement the Boolean function f(A, B, C, D) = ∑m (0, 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11) is equal to

    • 1

    • 2

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    To implement the Boolean function f(A, B, C, D) = ∑m (0, 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11) using NOR gates, we can use a single NOR gate with all the inputs connected to it. Since a NOR gate gives the complement of the OR operation, connecting all the inputs to a single NOR gate will result in the desired output. Therefore, the minimum number of 2-input NOR gates required is 1.

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  • 32. 

     

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. B
  • 33. 

       

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. A
  • 34. 

     

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. A
  • 35. 

    The superposition theorem is valid for

    • All linear networks

    • Non-linear networks

    • Only linear networks having no dependent sources

    • Both (A) & (B)

    Correct Answer
    A. All linear networks
    Explanation
    The superposition theorem states that in a linear network, the total response can be determined by summing the individual responses caused by each independent source acting alone, while all other independent sources are turned off. This principle holds true for all linear networks, regardless of whether they contain dependent sources or not. Therefore, the correct answer is "All linear networks".

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  • 36. 

    Sum of all the min terms of any Boolean function is equal to

    • Zero

    • 1

    • 2

    • Complement of the function

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    The sum of all the min terms of any Boolean function is equal to 1. This is because a min term is a product term that represents a specific combination of inputs that results in a true output for the function. Since the function can only have one true output for each combination of inputs, the sum of all the min terms will always be 1.

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  • 37. 

    In the formation of Routh–Hurwitz array for a polynomial, all the elements of a row have zero values. This premature termination of the array indicates the presence of

    • Only one root at the origin

    • Imaginary roots

    • Only positive real roots

    • Only negative real roots

    Correct Answer
    A. Imaginary roots
    Explanation
    If all the elements of a row in the Routh-Hurwitz array have zero values, it indicates the presence of imaginary roots. This is because the Routh-Hurwitz array is used to determine the stability of a polynomial system, and when a row has all zero values, it means that the corresponding polynomial has roots with imaginary parts. This is because the Routh-Hurwitz array is based on the coefficients of the polynomial, and the presence of imaginary roots will result in rows with zero values.

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  • 38. 

    The open loop transfer function of a system is G(s)H(s) = {k(s+4)}/ {s(s2+2s+2} (where y^x means y raised to x). The root locus will intersect the imaginary axis at

    • 2j, -2j

    • 0.7j, -0.7j

    • 3j,-3j

    • 10j,-10j

    Correct Answer
    A. 2j, -2j
    Explanation
    The open loop transfer function of a system can be represented by the equation G(s)H(s) = {k(s+4)}/ {s(s2+2s+2}. To find the points where the root locus intersects the imaginary axis, we need to consider the poles and zeros of the transfer function. The transfer function has a zero at s = -4 and poles at s = 0 and s = -1 ± j. The root locus will intersect the imaginary axis at the points where the number of poles and zeros to the right of that point is odd. Since there are no poles or zeros to the right of the imaginary axis, the root locus will intersect at 2j and -2j.

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  • 39. 

    The gain margin for the open loop transfer function of a system G(s) = 1 / {s(s+16)}

    • Zero

    • 1

    • 16

    Correct Answer
    A. ∞
    Explanation
    The gain margin for a system represents the amount of gain that can be increased before the system becomes unstable. In this case, the open loop transfer function G(s) = 1 / {s(s+16)} has a pole at s=0 and a pole at s=-16. Since there are no zeros in the numerator, the system has infinite gain margin. This means that the gain can be increased indefinitely without causing instability in the system.

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  • 40. 

    The impulse response h[n] of a linear time-invariant system is given by h[n] = u[n + 3] + u[n − 2] − 2u[n − 7] where u[n] is the unit step sequence. The above system is

    • Stable but not causal

    • Stable and causal

    • Causal but unstable

    • Unstable and not causal

    Correct Answer
    A. Stable but not causal
    Explanation
    The impulse response h[n] of the system is given by h[n] = u[n + 3] + u[n - 2] - 2u[n - 7]. The unit step sequence u[n] represents a system that is causal, meaning that the output at any given time depends only on the input at or before that time. In this case, the impulse response has terms with negative time indices (u[n - 2] and u[n - 7]), indicating that the output depends on future inputs. Therefore, the system is not causal. However, the impulse response does not have any terms that grow exponentially or indefinitely, indicating that the system is stable. Hence, the system is stable but not causal.

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  • 41. 

    Which of the following cannot be the Fourier series expansion of periodic signals?

    • X(t) = 2 cos t + 3 cos 3t

    • X(t) = 2 cos πt + 7 cos t

    • X(t) = cos t + 0.5

    • X(t) = 2 cos 1.5πt + sin 3.5πt

    Correct Answer
    A. X(t) = 2 cos πt + 7 cos t
  • 42. 

    Autocorrelation of a sinusoid is

    • Sinc function

    • Another sinusoid

    • Rectangular pulse

    • Triangular pulse

    Correct Answer
    A. Another sinusoid
    Explanation
    The autocorrelation of a sinusoid is another sinusoid. Autocorrelation is a measure of the similarity between a signal and a time-shifted version of itself. In the case of a sinusoid, when the signal is time-shifted, it remains a sinusoid with the same frequency but possibly different phase. Therefore, the autocorrelation of a sinusoid will also be a sinusoid with the same frequency but possibly different amplitude and phase.

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  • 43. 

    The centroid for the open loop transfer function {K(s+6)} / {(s+3)(s+5)(s+10)}

    • 6

    • -6

    • -10

    • -16

    Correct Answer
    A. -6
    Explanation
    The centroid of a transfer function is the average of the poles of the transfer function. In this case, the transfer function has poles at s = -3, s = -5, and s = -10. The centroid is calculated by taking the sum of the poles and dividing by the number of poles, which in this case is 3. Therefore, the centroid is (-3 + -5 + -10)/3 = -6.

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  • 44. 

    Superposition theorem is based on the concept of

    • Duality

    • Reciprocity

    • Linearity

    • Non linearity

    Correct Answer
    A. Linearity
    Explanation
    Superposition theorem is based on the concept of linearity. Linearity refers to the property of a system where the output is directly proportional to the input. In the context of Superposition theorem, it states that in a linear circuit with multiple sources, the total response can be obtained by adding the individual responses due to each source acting alone. This principle allows for simplification and analysis of complex circuits by breaking them down into simpler components. Thus, linearity is the fundamental concept on which the Superposition theorem is based.

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  • 45. 

    _______ bit represents the sign bit of a signed binary number

    • Right most

    • Middle

    • Left most

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Left most
    Explanation
    The leftmost bit represents the sign bit of a signed binary number. In a signed binary number, the leftmost bit is used to indicate whether the number is positive or negative. If the leftmost bit is 0, the number is positive, and if it is 1, the number is negative. Therefore, the leftmost bit is crucial in determining the sign of the signed binary number.

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  • 46. 

    The open loop transfer function of a system is k / {s(s+4)}. If the damping ratio is 0.5 then the value of ‘k’ is

    • 2

    • 4

    • 8

    • 16

    Correct Answer
    A. 16
    Explanation
    The open loop transfer function of a system is given as k / {s(s+4)}. The damping ratio is a measure of how fast the system's response oscillates before settling down. A damping ratio of 0.5 indicates that the system is underdamped. In an underdamped system, the value of 'k' can be determined by comparing the denominator of the transfer function to the standard form of a second-order system, which is s^2 + 2ζω_ns + ω_n^2. By comparing coefficients, we can see that ω_n^2 = 4 and 2ζω_n = 4. Solving these equations, we find that ω_n = 2 and ζ = 0.5. Substituting these values back into the transfer function, we get k = 16.

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  • 47. 

    The asymptotic Bode plot of a transfer function is as shown in the figure. The transfer function G (s) corresponding to this Bode plot is: 

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. D
  • 48. 

    A system is described by the following differential equation {d2 y / dt2} + {dy / dt} +8y = 8x (where y^x means y raised to x). The natural frequency (in rad/sec) is

    • 2.93

    • 2.63

    • 2.83

    • 3.23

    Correct Answer
    A. 2.83
    Explanation
    The given differential equation represents a second-order linear homogeneous differential equation with constant coefficients. The characteristic equation associated with this differential equation is given by r^2 + r + 8 = 0. Solving this quadratic equation, we find the roots as r = -0.5 ± 2.783i. The natural frequency is given by the imaginary part of the roots, which is 2.783 rad/sec. Rounded to two decimal places, the natural frequency is 2.83 rad/sec.

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  • 49. 

    X(n)=a^|n|, |a|

    • An energy signal

    • A power signal

    • Neither an energy nor a power signal

    • An energy as well as a power signal

    Correct Answer
    A. An energy signal
    Explanation
    The given signal x(n) is defined as a raised to the power of the absolute value of n, where a is a constant. In order to determine whether it is an energy or power signal, we need to consider the properties of energy and power signals. An energy signal has finite energy, which means that the sum of the squared magnitudes of its samples is finite. In this case, since the signal is raised to the power of the absolute value of n, it will have finite energy for any value of a. Therefore, x(n) is an energy signal.

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  • Mar 21, 2023
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