Synchros, Servos And Gyros Principles: Exam!
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Which of the following terms accurately describes a synchro?
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Position-sensing
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Electromechanical
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Rotary
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Each of the above
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This exam tests knowledge on synchros, servos, and gyros, focusing on principles, classifications, and applications. It assesses understanding of synchro systems, differentiating between torque and control systems, and recognizing standard codes for military equipment.
Quiz Preview
- 2.
What are the two general classifications of synchro systems?
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Torque and load
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Torque and control
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Load and control
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Load and lock
Correct Answer
A. Torque and controlExplanation
The two general classifications of synchro systems are torque and control. Torque refers to the rotational force or power that is generated by the synchro system, while control refers to the ability to manipulate or regulate the synchro system's operation. These classifications are important in understanding and designing synchro systems, as they determine how the system functions and can be controlled.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the difference in application between the two classifications of synchros?
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Light versus heavy load
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Mechanical versus electrical Output
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Circular versus straight-line motion
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High-frequency versus low-frequency operation
Correct Answer
A. Light versus heavy loadExplanation
The two classifications of synchros, light versus heavy load, refer to the different applications in which synchros are used. Light load synchros are typically used in applications where the load is relatively small, such as in aviation or small machinery. Heavy load synchros, on the other hand, are used in applications where the load is larger, such as in heavy machinery or industrial equipment. The difference in application between these two classifications is based on the specific load requirements and the capacity of the synchros to handle them.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following types of synchro devices provides a mechanical output?
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A control transformer
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A torque receiver
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A torque transmitter
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A control transmitter
Correct Answer
A. A torque receiverExplanation
A torque receiver is a type of synchro device that provides a mechanical output. It is designed to receive mechanical torque and convert it into electrical signals. This makes it useful in various applications where mechanical motion needs to be translated into electrical signals for control or measurement purposes. Unlike control transformers and transmitters, which are primarily used for electrical signal transmission and control, a torque receiver is specifically designed to handle mechanical inputs and provide a mechanical output.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A 115-volt, 400-Hz torque transmitter with a diameter of 2.36 inches will have what military standard designation code?
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115 V-23CT6
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115 V-24TT4
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23TD4
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24TX4
Correct Answer
A. 24TX4Explanation
The military standard designation code for a 115-volt, 400-Hz torque transmitter with a diameter of 2.36 inches is 24TX4.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A 3.5-inch diameter differential receiver will have what Navy prestandard designation code?
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35CR
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35TDR
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5D
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5DG
Correct Answer
A. 5DExplanation
A 3.5-inch diameter differential receiver will have the Navy prestandard designation code 5D. This code indicates the specific specifications and standards that the receiver must meet in order to be compliant with Navy requirements. The "5" in the code likely refers to the size or diameter of the receiver, while the "D" may represent a specific type or function of the receiver.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What does the arrow on a synchro schematic symbol indicate?
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The direction of current flow
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The direction of rotor movement
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The angular position of the stator
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The angular position of the rotor
Correct Answer
A. The angular position of the rotorExplanation
The arrow on a synchro schematic symbol indicates the angular position of the rotor. This means that the arrow represents the orientation or angle at which the rotor is positioned in relation to the stator. It provides information about the rotational position of the rotor in the synchro system.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What are the two major components of a synchro?
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The rotor and the stator
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The housing and the stator
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The rotor and the shaft
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The housing and the shaft
Correct Answer
A. The rotor and the statorExplanation
A synchro is a type of electrical device used for measuring angles or providing positional feedback. It consists of two major components: the rotor and the stator. The rotor is the moving part of the synchro, which rotates in response to an external force or input. The stator, on the other hand, is the stationary part of the synchro, which generates a magnetic field that interacts with the rotor. Together, the rotor and the stator work in tandem to provide accurate angle measurements or positional feedback in various applications.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What type of rotor can be composed of a single winding or three Y-connected windings?
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Salient-pole
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Drum or wound
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Fixed
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"H"
Correct Answer
A. Drum or woundExplanation
A drum or wound rotor can be composed of a single winding or three Y-connected windings. This type of rotor is commonly used in induction motors and allows for variable speed control. The windings on the rotor can be connected in different configurations to achieve different performance characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 10.
How does the stator of a TX receive voltage?
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By a physical connection with the rotor
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By a magnetic coupling with another stator
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By a magnetic coupling with the rotor
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By a physical connection with a source
Correct Answer
A. By a magnetic coupling with the rotorExplanation
The stator of a TX receives voltage by a magnetic coupling with the rotor. In a TX (Transformer), the stator and rotor are the two main components. The stator is the stationary part of the transformer, while the rotor is the rotating part. The stator and rotor are magnetically coupled, meaning that they interact with each other through a magnetic field. This magnetic coupling allows the voltage to be transferred from the rotor to the stator, enabling the transformer to function properly.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What part of a synchro provides a point for external connections?
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The terminal board
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The slip ring
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The stator
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The brush
Correct Answer
A. The terminal boardExplanation
The terminal board in a synchro provides a point for external connections. This means that it serves as a connection point for external devices or circuits to be connected to the synchro. The terminal board allows for easy and convenient access to the synchro's electrical connections, making it possible to integrate the synchro into larger systems or circuits.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following terms is defined as the amount of load a machine can turn?
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Radian force
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Load factor
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Torque
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Tension
Correct Answer
A. TorqueExplanation
Torque is defined as the amount of load a machine can turn. It is the rotational force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. Torque is dependent on the force applied and the distance from the axis of rotation. It is commonly measured in units of Newton-meters (Nm) or foot-pounds (ft-lb) and is used to describe the turning ability or power of a machine.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following units should be used in measuring the amount of turning force of a synchro?
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Ounces
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Pounds
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Foot-pounds
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Ounce-inches
Correct Answer
A. Ounce-inchesExplanation
The amount of turning force of a synchro should be measured in ounce-inches. This unit combines both the force (ounce) and the distance (inches) from the axis of rotation, providing a comprehensive measurement of the torque or turning force. Ounces alone do not account for the distance, while pounds and foot-pounds are more commonly used for larger forces and longer distances. Therefore, ounce-inches is the most appropriate unit for measuring the amount of turning force in a synchro.Rate this question:
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- 14.
An overloaded synchro will probably exhibit which of the following conditions?
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Overspeed
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Oscillation
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Excessive temperature
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Noisy operation
Correct Answer
A. Excessive temperatureExplanation
When a synchro is overloaded, it means that it is being subjected to a higher level of electrical or mechanical stress than it is designed to handle. This can lead to an increase in temperature within the synchro, causing it to become excessively hot. Therefore, the correct answer is excessive temperature.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A synchro receiver has which of the following characteristics that is NOT found in an ordinary transformer?
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A primary that can rotate in relation to the secondary
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A primary magnetically coupled to the secondary
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A step-up turns ratio
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An air core
Correct Answer
A. A primary that can rotate in relation to the secondaryExplanation
A synchro receiver is a type of transformer that is used to convert electrical signals into mechanical motion. Unlike an ordinary transformer, a synchro receiver has a primary that can rotate in relation to the secondary. This allows the synchro receiver to accurately track and align with the source of the electrical signals, making it ideal for applications such as control systems and navigation devices. The rotation of the primary helps to ensure precise synchronization between the electrical input and the mechanical output, which is not a characteristic found in an ordinary transformer.Rate this question:
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- 16.
When a synchro transmitter is in the zero-degree position, the rotor is aligned in what manner?
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Between winding S1 and S2
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With winding S1
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With winding S2
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With winding S3
Correct Answer
A. With winding S1Explanation
When a synchro transmitter is in the zero-degree position, the rotor is aligned with winding S1. In synchro systems, the position of the rotor relative to the windings (S1, S2, S3) determines the angle and hence the information transmitted. Specifically, the zero-degree position means the rotor is aligned with winding S1, which is a key reference point for measuring angles or positions in synchro applications.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Maximum voltage is induced in a stator winding of a synchro transmitter when the rotor and the stator winding have what angle between them?
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0 degrees
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30 degrees
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60 degrees
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90 degrees
Correct Answer
A. 90 degreesExplanation
Maximum voltage is induced in a stator winding of a synchro transmitter when the rotor and the stator winding have an angle of 90 degrees between them. This configuration maximizes the flux linkage and hence the induced voltage in the stator winding of the synchro transmitter. Therefore, the correct answer is 90 degrees.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the amplitude of the voltage induced in a stator winding of a synchro transmitter?
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The angular displacement between the rotor and stator
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The amplitude of the primary voltage
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The speed of data transmission
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The turns ratio of the synchro
Correct Answer
A. The speed of data transmissionExplanation
The amplitude of the voltage induced in a stator winding of a synchro transmitter is not affected by the speed of data transmission. The voltage induced in the stator winding is primarily determined by the angular displacement between the rotor and stator, the amplitude of the primary voltage, and the turns ratio of the synchro. The speed of data transmission does not directly impact the voltage induced in the stator winding.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Damping is necessary for which of the following synchro devices?
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Receiver
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Transmitter
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Control transformer
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Differential transmitter
Correct Answer
A. ReceiverExplanation
Damping is necessary for a receiver in synchro devices because it helps to reduce oscillations or vibrations in the system. Damping is important to ensure that the receiver accurately reads and responds to the input signals it receives. By damping the receiver, any unwanted oscillations or vibrations are minimized, allowing for more precise and stable measurements or readings.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The primary purpose of damping is to reduce which of the following conditions in a synchro device?
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Readings 180º out of phase
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Overheating
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Oscillating
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Each of the above
Correct Answer
A. OscillatingExplanation
Damping is used to reduce oscillating conditions in a synchro device. Oscillation refers to the back and forth movement or vibration of a system, which can cause instability and inaccuracies in the device's readings. By damping the oscillations, the synchro device can operate more smoothly and provide more accurate and reliable readings.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is the minimum number of synchro devices needed for a simple synchro transmission system?
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One
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Two
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Three
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Four
Correct Answer
A. TwoExplanation
A simple synchro transmission system requires at least two synchro devices. Synchro devices are used to transmit information about the position or angle of a rotating object to another device. In a synchro transmission system, one synchro device is used to measure the position or angle of the rotating object, while the other synchro device is used to receive and interpret this information. Therefore, at least two synchro devices are needed for a simple synchro transmission system to function properly.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In a simple synchro system, what leads are connected to the source voltage?
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R1 and R2
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S1 and S2
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S2 and S3
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R1 and S1
Correct Answer
A. R1 and R2Explanation
In a simple synchro system, the leads that are connected to the source voltage are R1 and R2.Rate this question:
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- 23.
When a synchro transmitter, and receiver are in correspondence, what is the relative value of the (a) current through the stators and (b) receiver torque?
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(a) Maximum (b) maximum
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(a) Maximum (b) minimum
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(a) Minimum (b) minimum
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(a) Minimum (b) maximum
Correct Answer
A. (a) Minimum (b) minimumExplanation
When a synchro transmitter and receiver are in correspondence, the relative value of the current through the stators is minimum, and the relative value of the receiver torque is also minimum. This means that the current flowing through the stators is at its lowest level, and the torque experienced by the receiver is also at its lowest level. This indicates that there is minimal power or signal being transferred between the transmitter and receiver, suggesting a lack of synchronization or communication between the two devices.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What term applies to the angle through which a synchro transmitter rotor is rotated mechanically?
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Lag
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Lead
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Gain
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Signal
Correct Answer
A. SignalExplanation
The term that applies to the angle through which a synchro transmitter rotor is rotated mechanically is "Signal". This refers to the rotation of the rotor in response to an input signal, which is then transmitted to another device. The angle of rotation of the rotor is directly proportional to the magnitude of the input signal, allowing for precise measurement and control in various applications.Rate this question:
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- 25.
If a synchro receiver is required to rotate in a direction opposite to the rotation of the transmitter rotor, what leads should be reversed?
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R1 and R2
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S1 and S2
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S2 and S3
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S1 and S3
Correct Answer
A. S1 and S3Explanation
If a synchro receiver needs to rotate in the opposite direction of the transmitter rotor, the leads S1 and S3 should be reversed. Reversing these leads will result in a phase shift of 180 degrees, causing the receiver to rotate in the opposite direction.Rate this question:
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- 26.
If a synchro receiver and transmitter are always 180 degrees out of phase with each other, what leads are reversed?
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R1 and R2
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S1 and S2
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S2 and S3
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S1 and S3
Correct Answer
A. R1 and R2Explanation
If a synchro receiver and transmitter are always 180 degrees out of phase with each other, it means that the transmitter is leading the receiver by 180 degrees. In order to correct this phase difference, the leads R1 and R2, which are connected to the receiver, need to be reversed. This reversal will ensure that the receiver is now leading the transmitter by 180 degrees, thus aligning their phases.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What type of synchro can accept two signals simultaneously and add or subtract?
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Transmission
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Differential
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Automatic
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Shiftless
Correct Answer
A. DifferentialExplanation
A differential synchro is capable of accepting two signals simultaneously and performing addition or subtraction operations on them. This type of synchro is commonly used in various applications, such as control systems and navigation devices, where the ability to combine or differentiate signals is required. By utilizing a differential synchro, the user can effectively process multiple signals and obtain the desired output based on the addition or subtraction operation.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What are the two types of synchro devices that will accept two inputs?
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TR and TX
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TR and TDX
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TDR and TX
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TDR and TDX
Correct Answer
A. TDR and TDXExplanation
The two types of synchro devices that will accept two inputs are TDR (Transmitter-Receiver) and TDX (Transmitter-Differential Receiver). These devices are designed to accept signals from two different sources or inputs, enabling them to operate in systems where dual-input capability is required for various applications such as control systems, tracking systems, and navigation equipment. Therefore, the correct answer is TDR and TDX.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What types of synchro devices have (a) one electrical and one mechanical input and an electrical output; and (b) two electrical inputs and a mechanical outputs?
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(a) TR (b) TX
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(a) TX (b) TR
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(a) TDX (b) TDR
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(a) TDR (b) TDX
Correct Answer
A. (a) TDX (b) TDRExplanation
The correct answer is (a) TDX (b) TDR. This is because a TDX synchro device has one electrical and one mechanical input, and an electrical output. On the other hand, a TDR synchro device has two electrical inputs and a mechanical output. Therefore, the combination of TDX and TDR fulfills the given criteria for both (a) and (b).Rate this question:
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- 30.
What determines whether a differential synchro device adds or subtracts its inputs?
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The way it is connected in the system
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The direction of rotor movement
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The number of stator windings
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The supply voltage polarity
Correct Answer
A. The way it is connected in the systemExplanation
The correct answer is "The way it is connected in the system." The differential synchro device can either add or subtract its inputs depending on how it is connected in the system. The connections determine the relationship between the inputs and the outputs of the device, allowing it to either add or subtract the inputs.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In a TDX system, for the TR rotor to follow the TX rotor exactly, in what position must the TDX rotor be kept?
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0 degree position
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60 degree position
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120 degree position
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240 degree position
Correct Answer
A. 0 degree positionExplanation
In a TDX system, the TR rotor can follow the TX rotor exactly when the TDX rotor is kept in the 0 degree position. This means that the TDX rotor is aligned with the TX rotor and there is no angular displacement between them. Keeping the TDX rotor in this position ensures that the two rotors move synchronously and maintain the desired functionality of the TDX system.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What is the angular position of a TR rotor when it is pointing to the S3 winding?
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0 degrees
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60 degrees
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120 degrees
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240 degrees
Correct Answer
A. 120 degreesExplanation
The angular position of a TR rotor when it is pointing to the S3 winding is 120 degrees.Rate this question:
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- 33.
If a TDX system with standard synchro connections has the TX rotor at the 60- degree position and the TDX rotor at the 270-degree position, what is the position of the TR rotor?
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110 degrees
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150 degrees
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210 degrees
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250 degrees
Correct Answer
A. 150 degreesExplanation
Based on the information given, we know that the TX rotor is at the 60-degree position and the TDX rotor is at the 270-degree position. To find the position of the TR rotor, we need to determine the relative position between the TX and TDX rotors. Since the TDX rotor is ahead of the TX rotor by 210 degrees (270 - 60), the TR rotor will be ahead of the TDX rotor by the same amount. Therefore, the position of the TR rotor is 150 degrees (270 + 210).Rate this question:
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- 34.
For a TDX system to add its inputs rather than subtract them, what leads must be reversed between (a) the TX and TDX, and (b) the TR and TDX?
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(a) S1 and S2 (b) R1 and R3
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(a) S1 and S3 (b) R1 and R3
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(a) S2 and S3 (b) R1 and R2
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(a) S1 and S3 (b) R1 and R2
Correct Answer
A. (a) S1 and S3 (b) R1 and R3Explanation
To add the inputs in a TDX system rather than subtract them, the leads that need to be reversed are (a) S1 and S3 and (b) R1 and R3. Reversing these leads will change the polarity of the signals, causing them to be added instead of subtracted.Rate this question:
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- 35.
For a TDR system to add its inputs rather than subtract them, what leads must be reversed at the TDR?
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S1 and S3
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S1 and S2
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R1 and R3
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R1 and R2
Correct Answer
A. R1 and R3Explanation
In a TDR system, the inputs are typically subtracted to obtain the desired result. However, if the inputs need to be added instead, the leads R1 and R3 must be reversed at the TDR. Reversing these leads will change the polarity of the inputs, causing them to be added instead of subtracted.Rate this question:
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- 36.
If a TDR system is connected for addition and the TX rotor connected to the TDR rotor turns counterclockwise, in what direction will the TDR rotor field rotate?
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In a direction determined by the other TX stator
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In a direction determined by the other TX rotor
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Counterclockwise
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Clockwise
Correct Answer
A. ClockwiseExplanation
If the TX rotor connected to the TDR rotor turns counterclockwise, the TDR rotor field will rotate in the opposite direction, which is clockwise. This is because the TDR rotor field always rotates in the opposite direction of the connected TX rotor.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which of the following types of synchros is used in a system requiring large amounts of power and high accuracy?
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Torque Synchro
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Control
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Differential
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Each of the above
Correct Answer
A. Torque SynchroExplanation
The type of synchro used in a system requiring large amounts of power and high accuracy is torque synchro. Torque synchros are designed to handle higher power levels compared to control synchros or differential synchros, making them suitable for applications where both power and accuracy are critical factors. Therefore, the correct answer is Torque.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What are the three types of control synchros?
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TX, TR, CT
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TX, CDX, CR
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CX, CT, CR
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CX, CT, CDX
Correct Answer
A. CX, CT, CDXExplanation
The correct answer is CX, CT, CDX. Control synchros are used in electrical systems to transmit and control information. CX stands for Control Transmitter, which is responsible for transmitting control signals. CT stands for Control Transformer, which is used to step up or step down voltage levels. CDX stands for Control Differential Transmitter, which is used to measure the difference between two control voltages. Therefore, CX, CT, and CDX are the three types of control synchros.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The CX and CDX differ from the TX and TDX because the CX and CDX have which of the following characteristics?
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Lower impedance windings
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Higher impedance windings
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Larger physical size
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Smaller physical size
Correct Answer
A. Higher impedance windingsExplanation
The CX and CDX differ from the TX and TDX because they have higher impedance windings. Impedance is the opposition to the flow of electrical current in a circuit, and higher impedance means that the windings have more resistance to the current. This difference in impedance can affect the performance and behavior of the CX and CDX compared to the TX and TDX models.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the rotor of a control transformer (CT) rotor?
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It is connected to a high-impedance load
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It must be turned by an external force
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It is connected to an ac source
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It has a drum- or wound-type rotor
Correct Answer
A. It is connected to an ac sourceExplanation
The rotor of a control transformer (CT) is not connected to an AC source. The rotor is the rotating part of the transformer and is typically connected to a low-impedance load. It must be turned by an external force, such as a motor, to induce a magnetic field and transfer energy to the load. The AC source is connected to the stator, which is the stationary part of the transformer.Rate this question:
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- 41.
When a control transformer is at electrical zero, the rotor is perpendicular to what winding?
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S1
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S2
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S3
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R2
Correct Answer
A. S2Explanation
When a control transformer is at electrical zero, the rotor is perpendicular to winding S2.Rate this question:
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- 42.
If a control transformer is held at electrical zero and the control transmitter is turned 90 degrees counterclockwise, what is (a) the amplitude of the induced voltage in the rotor of the control transformer, and (b) the phase relationship of this voltage and the excitation voltage to the control transmitter?
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(a) Maximum (b) out-of-phase
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(a) Maximum (b) in phase
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(a) Minimum (b) out-of-phase
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(a) Minimum (b) in phase
Correct Answer
A. (a) Maximum (b) in phaseExplanation
When a control transformer is held at electrical zero and the control transmitter is turned 90 degrees counterclockwise, the induced voltage in the rotor of the control transformer reaches its maximum amplitude. Additionally, this induced voltage is in phase with the excitation voltage to the control transmitter.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which of the following terms applies to the output of a control transformer?
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Mechanical movement
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Deflection angle
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Output voltage
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Error signal
Correct Answer
A. Error signalExplanation
The term "error signal" applies to the output of a control transformer. In control systems, an error signal is the difference between the desired value and the actual value of a variable being controlled. In the context of a control transformer, the error signal represents any deviation or discrepancy between the desired output voltage and the actual output voltage of the transformer. This error signal is used to make adjustments and regulate the transformer's output to ensure it matches the desired value.Rate this question:
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- 44.
If the output of a control transformer is zero, what is the relationship of the rotors of the control transformer and the control transmitters?
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In correlation
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Out of correlation
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In correspondence
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Out of correspondence
Correct Answer
A. In correspondenceExplanation
If the output of a control transformer is zero, it means that there is no power being transferred from the primary side to the secondary side of the transformer. In this case, the rotors of the control transformer and the control transmitters are in correspondence, meaning they are aligned and functioning properly.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Synchro capacitors are used to provide which of the following characteristics in a synchro system?
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Improved accuracy
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Reduced oscillations
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Wider frequency response
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Higher load-carrying capacity
Correct Answer
A. Improved accuracyExplanation
Synchro capacitors are used in a synchro system to improve accuracy. By providing the necessary capacitance, synchro capacitors help in reducing errors and inaccuracies in the system. They help in maintaining the desired voltage levels and stabilizing the output, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the synchro system.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which of the following synchro devices uses a synchro capacitor?
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TX
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RX
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TDR
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CDX
Correct Answer
A. CDXExplanation
The synchro device that uses a synchro capacitor is CDX.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What type of current is eliminated by synchro capacitors?
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Loss
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Rotor
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Stator
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Magnetizing Stator
Correct Answer
A. Magnetizing StatorExplanation
Synchro capacitors are used to eliminate magnetizing stator current. Magnetizing stator current is the current required to create the magnetic field in the stator of an electric motor. By using synchro capacitors, this current can be reduced or eliminated, resulting in improved power factor and reduced energy losses.Rate this question:
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- 48.
In what configuration are synchro capacitors connected in a synchro circuit?
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Wye, across the rotor windings
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Delta, across the rotor windings
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Wye, across the stator windings
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Delta, across the stator windings
Correct Answer
A. Delta, across the stator windingsExplanation
In a synchro circuit, the synchro capacitors are connected in a Delta configuration across the stator windings. This means that the capacitors are connected in a triangular shape, with each capacitor connected between two stator windings. This configuration allows for the efficient transfer of power and synchronization between the stator windings, ensuring accurate and reliable operation of the synchro circuit.Rate this question:
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- 49.
To maintain system accuracy, where are synchro capacitors physically placed in a synchro circuit?
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Close to the TX or RX
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Close to the TDX, CDX, or CT
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Midway between the TX and CT
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Far away from the TDR, CDX, or CT
Correct Answer
A. Close to the TDX, CDX, or CTExplanation
Synchro capacitors are placed close to the TDX, CDX, or CT in a synchro circuit to maintain system accuracy. Placing them in close proximity to these components helps to minimize any phase shift or error in the signal transmission, ensuring that the synchro system operates with precision. This placement allows for efficient and accurate synchronization of the transmitted and received signals, enhancing the overall performance of the system.Rate this question:
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