FUNGI BAC 2100

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| By Persianpride18

Persianpride18

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 9 | Total Attempts: 8,534

Questions: 14 | Attempts: 73 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Fungal infection quiz : Superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic

Questions and Answers

1.

Definition : Fungi that grows as either yeast or mold dependant on the temperature or environnement.
- A.
  
  Hyphae
- B.
  
  Dimorphic fungi
- C.
  
  Saprophytes
- D.
  
  Spores
- E.
  
  Yeast
Correct Answer
B. Dimorphic fungi

Explanation
Dimorphic fungi refers to fungi that have the ability to grow in two different forms, either as yeast or mold, depending on the temperature or environment. This means that these fungi can switch between a unicellular yeast form and a multicellular mold form. The term "dimorphic" is used to describe this ability to exist in two different morphological forms. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "Dimorphic fungi."

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2.

Fungi that lives and uses organic matter like soil, rotten veggies as energy source
- A.
  
  Saprophytes
- B.
  
  Dimorphic Fungi
- C.
  
  Spore
- D.
  
  Yeast
- E.
  
  Mold
Correct Answer
A. Saprophytes

Explanation
Saprophytes are fungi that obtain their energy by decomposing dead organic matter, such as soil and rotten vegetables. They play a crucial role in the ecosystem by breaking down and recycling nutrients from dead organisms, helping to maintain the balance of nutrients in the environment. This makes saprophytes an important part of the nutrient cycling process.

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3.

Multicellular colonies composed of clumps of intertwined and branching hypae
- A.
  
  Hypae
- B.
  
  Dimorphic fungi
- C.
  
  Spores
- D.
  
  Yeast
- E.
  
  Mold
Correct Answer
E. Mold

Explanation
The given description of multicellular colonies composed of clumps of intertwined and branching hyphae best fits the characteristics of mold. Mold is a type of fungus that forms multicellular colonies made up of hyphae, which are thread-like structures. These colonies often appear as clumps and can have a branching pattern. Thus, mold is the correct answer in this case.

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4.

Threadlike branching tubules composed of fungal cells attached to end beds
- A.
  
  Dimorphic fungi
- B.
  
  Yeast
- C.
  
  Mold
- D.
  
  Hypae
- E.
  
  Spores
Correct Answer
D. Hypae

Explanation
Hypae are threadlike branching tubules composed of fungal cells attached to end beds. They are a characteristic feature of fungi and play a crucial role in their growth and reproduction. Hypae are responsible for absorbing nutrients from the environment and can extend over long distances, allowing fungi to colonize and explore their surroundings. They can also form networks called mycelium, which is the main body of a fungus. Therefore, the given answer, Hypae, accurately describes the described structure.

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5.

Reproducing bodies of mold
- A.
  
  Spores
- B.
  
  Yeast
- C.
  
  Mold
- D.
  
  Saprophytes
- E.
  
  Dimorphic
Correct Answer
A. Spores

Explanation
Spores are reproductive structures produced by molds, yeast, and other organisms. They are capable of dispersing and germinating to form new individuals. In the context of the given options, spores are the most appropriate answer as they specifically relate to the reproduction of molds. Molds reproduce by producing spores, which are released into the environment and can then develop into new mold colonies under suitable conditions.

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6.

Unicellular growth of fungi, can appear spherical to episolcal. reproduce by budding, if they dont seperate, form long chains of______ known as psedohypae.
- A.
  
  Spore
- B.
  
  Dimorphic
- C.
  
  Yeast
- D.
  
  Mold
- E.
  
  Saprophytes
Correct Answer
C. Yeast

Explanation
Yeast is the correct answer because it is a type of fungi that can grow as single cells and reproduce by budding. When yeast cells do not separate after budding, they can form long chains known as pseudohyphae. This growth pattern is characteristic of yeast and distinguishes it from other types of fungi such as molds.

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7.

Name the 4 levels of fungal iinfection

Correct Answer
1) superficial ( skin) 2) cutaneous ( skin, hair, nails) 3) Subcutaneous 4) systemic (blood)

Explanation
The correct answer lists the four levels of fungal infection, which are superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, and systemic. Superficial fungal infections affect only the skin, while cutaneous infections involve the skin, hair, and nails. Subcutaneous infections occur beneath the skin, and systemic infections spread through the bloodstream.

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8.

What are the two superficial fungal infections ?and what can they both be treated with?

Correct Answer
1) Pityriasis versicolor : hyperpigmented patches that remain white after suntaning 2) Tinea nigra: Exophiala werneckii - painless patches on soles of hands and feet can be treated with selenium sulfide

Explanation
The two superficial fungal infections mentioned in the question are Pityriasis versicolor and Tinea nigra. Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by hyperpigmented patches that remain white after suntanning. Tinea nigra, on the other hand, presents as painless patches on the soles of hands and feet. Both of these infections can be treated with selenium sulfide.

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9.

Name the enzyme present in cutaneous fungal infections that degrades skin, loss of hair, brittle nails.

Correct Answer
keratinase

Explanation
Keratinase is an enzyme that is present in cutaneous fungal infections. It is responsible for degrading the protein keratin, which is found in skin, hair, and nails. This degradation leads to the loss of hair and brittle nails commonly observed in fungal infections.

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10.

Name the 5 Cutaneous fungal infections

Correct Answer
1) Tinea corpius( body) : looks like theres a ringworm under skin 2) Tinea capitis :( scalp) scadly red region, loss of hair 3) tinea pedius ( athletes foot) between the toes 4) Tinea cruris ( jock itch) scratchy red area between groin area 5) tinea ungium : nails are thickened, discolored, brittle: keep skin dry Candiada Albican - infect mouth ( oral ) groin, and vagina

Explanation
The correct answer lists the five common cutaneous fungal infections. Tinea corporis is a fungal infection that appears as a ringworm under the skin. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp characterized by scaly red regions and hair loss. Tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot, occurs between the toes. Tinea cruris, or jock itch, causes a scratchy red area in the groin region. Tinea unguium affects the nails, causing them to become thickened, discolored, and brittle. Candida albicans is a yeast infection that can infect the mouth, groin, and vagina.

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11.

Name the two subcutaneous fungal infection

Correct Answer
Sporothrix schenckii - causes sporotichotis - hazard for garderners, subcutaneou nodule becomes necrose and ulcerative Phialophora and cladosporium : found in rotting wood, causes chromobiastomycosis , violent colored wartlike clusters of lesions - resemble califlower

Explanation
The two subcutaneous fungal infections mentioned in the given information are Sporothrix schenckii and Phialophora and cladosporium. Sporothrix schenckii causes sporotrichosis, which is a hazard for gardeners. It leads to the formation of subcutaneous nodules that become necrotic and ulcerative. Phialophora and cladosporium, on the other hand, are found in rotting wood and cause chromoblastomycosis. This infection results in the development of violent colored wart-like clusters of lesions that resemble cauliflower.

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12.

Describe Histoplasma capsulatum

Correct Answer
Can be confused with TB, its a dimorphic fungi that grows as mycelial form, with spores at 25degrees on sabouraud;s agard. Dimorphic, in humans grow as yeast. Inhaled by spores, not transmitted person to person. Local infection in lung then blood stream.

Explanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungi that can be mistaken for tuberculosis (TB). It grows in a mycelial form with spores at 25 degrees on Sabouraud's agar. In humans, it grows as yeast. The infection occurs when the spores are inhaled and it is not transmitted person to person. The initial infection is localized in the lungs and can then spread to the bloodstream.

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13.

Describe Crytococcus neofromans

Correct Answer
polysaccriade encapsulated yeast NOT dimorphic, inhaled into lungs, major manfestation is meningoencaphalitis, most cases in immunocompromised. (AIDS)

Explanation
Cryptococcus neoformans is a type of yeast that is encapsulated and has a polysaccharide capsule. It is not dimorphic, meaning it does not have the ability to switch between different forms. The primary mode of transmission is through inhalation into the lungs. The major manifestation of infection is meningoencephalitis, which is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This infection is most commonly seen in individuals who are immunocompromised, particularly those with AIDS.

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14.

Describe Aspergillus flavus

Correct Answer
spores of this mold are everywhere , some develop type I hypersensitivity to it Produces Aflaxin toxin- in peanuts, grains and rice.

Explanation
Aspergillus flavus is a type of mold that can be found everywhere, as its spores are ubiquitous. Some individuals may develop type I hypersensitivity to this mold, meaning they have an allergic reaction when exposed to it. Additionally, Aspergillus flavus is known for producing Aflaxin toxin, which can contaminate peanuts, grains, and rice. This toxin can pose a health risk if consumed.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Nov 11, 2009

Quiz Created by
Persianpride18

Fungi Bac 2100

Definition : Fungi that grows as either yeast or mold dependant on the temperature or environnement.

Fungi that lives and uses organic matter like soil, rotten veggies as energy source

Multicellular colonies composed of clumps of intertwined and branching hypae

Threadlike branching tubules composed of fungal cells attached to end beds

Reproducing bodies of mold

Unicellular growth of fungi, can appear spherical to episolcal. reproduce by budding, if they dont seperate, form long chains of______ known as psedohypae.

Name the 4 levels of fungal iinfection

What are the two superficial fungal infections ?and what can they both be treated with?

Name the enzyme present in cutaneous fungal infections that degrades skin, loss of hair, brittle nails.

Name the 5 Cutaneous fungal infections

Name the two subcutaneous fungal infection

Describe Histoplasma capsulatum

Describe Crytococcus neofromans

Describe Aspergillus flavus