Fluid Therapy Vdpam 445 Test 1
- 1.Which of the following are examples of colloids?
- A.
Hetastarch
- B.
Oxyglobin
- C.
Normosol R
- D.
A and B
- E.
A and C
- 2.What type of fluid would be the best choice for an RDA cow?
- A.
Normosol-R
- B.
Plasma-Lyte
- C.
LRS
- 3.Which of the following are maintenance fluids
- A.
Normosol-M
- B.
Plasmalyte
- C.
Plasmalyte M
- D.
Normosol R
- E.
A, B, and C
- F.
A and C
- 4.What is the normal concentration of Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride in the blood?
- A.
130, 4, 100
- B.
100, 10, 130
- C.
4, 130, 10
- 5.Which of the following drugs are not prohibited in food animals?
- A.
Clenbuterol
- B.
Neomycin sulfate
- C.
Diethylsterbesterol
- D.
Cephalosporin
- 6.What is the best ultrasound probe to use on an intercostal space?
- A.
Linear probe
- B.
Curvilinear probe
- C.
Sector scanner
- D.
Phased array
- 7.What options do you have if an ultrasound image that is not bright enough?
- A.
Increase the gain and decrease the power
- B.
Decrease the gain and increase the power
- C.
Increase both gain and power
- D.
Decrease both gain and power
- 8.What should you do if an ultrasound image has poor penetration of the tissue?
- A.
Increase the frequency
- B.
Increase the gain
- C.
Decrease the gain
- D.
Increase the wavelength
- 9.Which condition is periparturient?
- A.
Type 1 ketosis
- B.
Type 2 ketosis
- C.
Pregnancy toxemia
- 10.Which condition typically has the best response to therapy?
- A.
Type 1 ketosis
- B.
Type 2 ketosis
- C.
Pregnancy toxemia
- 11.What substance is the most reliable to test for to confirm ketosis?
- A.
Acetone
- B.
Acetoacetic acid
- C.
Beta hydroxybutyrate
- D.
NEFA
- 12.What are the correct steps to do a BHBA herd level monitoring test to monitor for type 1 ketosis?
- A.
Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 20% alarm level
- B.
Test 10 cows prior to eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
- C.
Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
- D.
Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 1400 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
- 13.Which of the following treatments or preventions for ketosis do not directly impact gluconeogenesis?
- A.
Ionophores
- B.
B vitamins
- C.
Propylene glycol
- D.
Corticosteroids
- 14.High glucose availability favors _____ of blood NEFAs in the liver, resulting in __________.
- A.
Oxidation,triglycerides
- B.
Esterification, triglycerides
- C.
Oxidation, ketone bodies
- D.
Esterification, ketone bodies
- 15.NEFAs are normally elevated in late gestation.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Which of the following is an appropriate protocol for NEFA herd level monitoring to prevent type 2 ketosis?
- A.
Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >14.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- B.
Test cows 4-5 hours after feeding, >14.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- C.
Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >0.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- D.
Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >0.4 mEq/L cutoff, keep samples at room temperature.
- 17.Which electrolyte abnormality results in hyperexcitability and agression?
- A.
Hypocalcemia
- B.
Hypophosphatemia
- C.
Hypokalemia
- D.
Hypomagnesemia
- 18.Which electrolyte abnormality is not commonly associated with hypocalcemia?
- A.
Hypokalemia
- B.
Hypophosphatemia
- C.
Hypomagnesemia
- 19.Which abnormality results in hyperthermia?
- A.
Hypokalemia
- B.
Hypomagnesemia
- C.
Hypophosphatemia
- D.
Hypocalcemia
- 20.The root problem leading to periparturient hypocalcemia is likely:
- A.
Metabolic acidosis
- B.
Hypomagnesemia
- C.
Hypophosphatemia
- D.
Metabolic alkalosis
- 21.The reason low calcium diets are not ideal to prevent milk fever:
- A.
Hard to find feed that is low enough in calcium
- B.
It does not change the shape of the PTH receptor, as changing the acid/base balance does
- C.
It does not address concurrent hypomagnesemic interference with PTH receptor
- D.
All of the above
- 22.The urine pH range goal for Holsteins being fed an acidifying diet to prevent milk fever is 6.2-6.8
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 23.KCl given IV for treatement of hypokalemia should not excede:
- A.
50g/100kg
- B.
5g/100kg
- C.
0.5 mEq/kg/hr
- D.
5 mEq/kg/hr
- 24.What is the most common arrhythmia found in ruminants?
- A.
1st degree sinus block
- B.
Atrial fibrilations
- C.
Ventricular tachycardia
- D.
2nd degree sinusblock
- 25.Arrhythmias in ruminants are typically primary in cause
- A.
True
- B.
False
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