Fluid Therapy Vdpam 445 Test 1

33 Questions | By Mndstt | Updated: Mar 16, 2022 | Attempts: 124

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1.

Which of the following are examples of colloids?
- A.
  
  Hetastarch
- B.
  
  Oxyglobin
- C.
  
  Normosol R
- D.
  
  A and B
- E.
  
  A and C
2.

What type of fluid would be the best choice for an RDA cow?
- A.
  
  Normosol-R
- B.
  
  Plasma-Lyte
- C.
  
  LRS
3.

Which of the following are maintenance fluids
- A.
  
  Normosol-M
- B.
  
  Plasmalyte
- C.
  
  Plasmalyte M
- D.
  
  Normosol R
- E.
  
  A, B, and C
- F.
  
  A and C
4.

What is the normal concentration of Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride in the blood?
- A.
  
  130, 4, 100
- B.
  
  100, 10, 130
- C.
  
  4, 130, 10
5.

Which of the following drugs are not prohibited in food animals?
- A.
  
  Clenbuterol
- B.
  
  Neomycin sulfate
- C.
  
  Diethylsterbesterol
- D.
  
  Cephalosporin
6.

What is the best ultrasound probe to use on an intercostal space?
- A.
  
  Linear probe
- B.
  
  Curvilinear probe
- C.
  
  Sector scanner
- D.
  
  Phased array
7.

What options do you have if an ultrasound image that is not bright enough?
- A.
  
  Increase the gain and decrease the power
- B.
  
  Decrease the gain and increase the power
- C.
  
  Increase both gain and power
- D.
  
  Decrease both gain and power
8.

What should you do if an ultrasound image has poor penetration of the tissue?
- A.
  
  Increase the frequency
- B.
  
  Increase the gain
- C.
  
  Decrease the gain
- D.
  
  Increase the wavelength
9.

Which condition is periparturient?
- A.
  
  Type 1 ketosis
- B.
  
  Type 2 ketosis
- C.
  
  Pregnancy toxemia
10.

Which condition typically has the best response to therapy?
- A.
  
  Type 1 ketosis
- B.
  
  Type 2 ketosis
- C.
  
  Pregnancy toxemia
11.

What substance is the most reliable to test for to confirm ketosis?
- A.
  
  Acetone
- B.
  
  Acetoacetic acid
- C.
  
  Beta hydroxybutyrate
- D.
  
  NEFA
12.

What are the correct steps to do a BHBA herd level monitoring test to monitor for type 1 ketosis?
- A.
  
  Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 20% alarm level
- B.
  
  Test 10 cows prior to eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
- C.
  
  Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 14.4 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
- D.
  
  Test 10 cows 4-5 hours after eating, set cutoff at 1400 mg/dl, 10% alarm level
13.

Which of the following treatments or preventions for ketosis do not directly impact gluconeogenesis?
- A.
  
  Ionophores
- B.
  
  B vitamins
- C.
  
  Propylene glycol
- D.
  
  Corticosteroids
14.

High glucose availability favors _____ of blood NEFAs in the liver, resulting in __________.
- A.
  
  Oxidation,triglycerides
- B.
  
  Esterification, triglycerides
- C.
  
  Oxidation, ketone bodies
- D.
  
  Esterification, ketone bodies
15.

NEFAs are normally elevated in late gestation.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
16.

Which of the following is an appropriate protocol for NEFA herd level monitoring to prevent type 2 ketosis?
- A.
  
  Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >14.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- B.
  
  Test cows 4-5 hours after feeding, >14.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- C.
  
  Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >0.4 mEq/L cutoff, freeze or cool samples.
- D.
  
  Test cows immediately prior to feeding, >0.4 mEq/L cutoff, keep samples at room temperature.
17.

Which electrolyte abnormality results in hyperexcitability and agression?
- A.
  
  Hypocalcemia
- B.
  
  Hypophosphatemia
- C.
  
  Hypokalemia
- D.
  
  Hypomagnesemia
18.

Which electrolyte abnormality is not commonly associated with hypocalcemia?
- A.
  
  Hypokalemia
- B.
  
  Hypophosphatemia
- C.
  
  Hypomagnesemia
19.

Which abnormality results in hyperthermia?
- A.
  
  Hypokalemia
- B.
  
  Hypomagnesemia
- C.
  
  Hypophosphatemia
- D.
  
  Hypocalcemia
20.

The root problem leading to periparturient hypocalcemia is likely:
- A.
  
  Metabolic acidosis
- B.
  
  Hypomagnesemia
- C.
  
  Hypophosphatemia
- D.
  
  Metabolic alkalosis
21.

The reason low calcium diets are not ideal to prevent milk fever:
- A.
  
  Hard to find feed that is low enough in calcium
- B.
  
  It does not change the shape of the PTH receptor, as changing the acid/base balance does
- C.
  
  It does not address concurrent hypomagnesemic interference with PTH receptor
- D.
  
  All of the above
22.

The urine pH range goal for Holsteins being fed an acidifying diet to prevent milk fever is 6.2-6.8
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
23.

KCl given IV for treatement of hypokalemia should not excede:
- A.
  
  50g/100kg
- B.
  
  5g/100kg
- C.
  
  0.5 mEq/kg/hr
- D.
  
  5 mEq/kg/hr
24.

What is the most common arrhythmia found in ruminants?
- A.
  
  1st degree sinus block
- B.
  
  Atrial fibrilations
- C.
  
  Ventricular tachycardia
- D.
  
  2nd degree sinusblock
25.

Arrhythmias in ruminants are typically primary in cause
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False