Flood Causes And Effects! Trivia Facts Quiz
(14).jpg "Flood Causes And Effects! Trivia Facts Quiz - Quiz")
Do you know anything about flood causes and effects? Do you think you can pass this quiz? This quiz asks pertinent questions about flooding, like the leading causes of flood, the characteristics of a watershed, what happens to water in an alluvial fan, and on what three things do the volume of the timing of streamflow depend. This quiz will help you better understand floods and how they come to be.
- 1.
The most widespread hazard is?
- A.
Floods
- B.
Fire
- C.
Earthquakes
- D.
Avalanches
Correct Answer
A. FloodsExplanation
Floods are the most widespread hazard because they can occur in various locations and affect large populations. They are caused by heavy rainfall, melting snow, or dam failures, resulting in the overflow of rivers and the inundation of surrounding areas. Floods can cause extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and crops, leading to displacement of people, loss of lives, and economic losses. Additionally, floods can contaminate water sources, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. Due to their frequency and wide-ranging impact, floods are considered the most widespread hazard.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The movement of water between large reservoirs on a global perspective is _______________
Correct Answer
hydrologic cycleExplanation
The movement of water between large reservoirs on a global perspective is referred to as the hydrologic cycle. This cycle involves the continuous circulation of water through various processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Water evaporates from oceans, lakes, and rivers, forms clouds, and then falls back to the Earth as precipitation. This water then flows into rivers, lakes, and groundwater, eventually returning to the oceans, completing the cycle. The hydrologic cycle is essential for maintaining the Earth's water balance and ensuring the availability of water for various ecosystems and human activities.Rate this question:
- 3.
Which of the following are ALL causes of a flood?
- A.
Landslides blocking the river, droughts, excess river flow.
- B.
Lack of water in the river, coastal storm surges, intense precipitation.
- C.
Intense precipitation, excess river flows, coastal storm surges.
- D.
Droughts, coastal storm surge, intense precipitation.
Correct Answer
C. Intense precipitation, excess river flows, coastal storm surges.Explanation
Intense precipitation can cause a flood as it leads to a large amount of rainfall in a short period of time, overwhelming the capacity of rivers to handle the excess water. Excess river flows can also cause flooding as it occurs when rivers receive more water than they can carry, leading to overflowing and inundation of surrounding areas. Coastal storm surges, which are caused by strong winds and low atmospheric pressure during storms, can push large amounts of water onto coastal areas, resulting in flooding.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Poor ____________ conditions in soil can enhance the causes of a flood.
Correct Answer
drainageExplanation
Poor drainage conditions in soil can enhance the causes of a flood. When the soil has inadequate drainage, it cannot effectively absorb and distribute water. As a result, excess water accumulates on the surface, leading to increased runoff and a higher risk of flooding. Insufficient drainage can also cause water to seep into basements or foundations, further exacerbating flood damage. Therefore, improving drainage systems and ensuring proper water flow is crucial in mitigating the impacts of flooding.Rate this question:
- 5.
_________ ____________ is the amount of rainfall measured over a given time in milimeters per hour.
Correct Answer
Precipitation intensityExplanation
Precipitation intensity refers to the amount of rainfall that is measured over a specific period of time, typically in millimeters per hour. It is a measure of how heavy or light the rainfall is during that time frame. This term is used to describe the rate at which precipitation is falling, indicating whether it is a light drizzle or a heavy downpour.Rate this question:
- 6.
The ______________ rate is the speed and amount of water that enters the soil.
Correct Answer
infiltrationExplanation
Infiltration rate refers to the speed and quantity of water that enters the soil. It is a measure of how quickly water is able to penetrate the soil surface and move into the ground. This process is important for replenishing groundwater supplies and supporting plant growth. Factors such as soil type, slope, vegetation cover, and the intensity of rainfall can all influence the rate of infiltration.Rate this question:
- 7.
Which of the following are characteristics of a watershed?
- A.
The disconnected system contributes water to a stream, catchment area for water.
- B.
Interconnected system, contributes water to the surrounding lands, catchment area for water.
- C.
Disconnected system, catches rainwater and brings it to a single place, contributes water to a stream.
- D.
The interconnected system, catchment area for water, contributes water to a stream.
Correct Answer
D. The interconnected system, catchment area for water, contributes water to a stream.Explanation
A watershed is an interconnected system that includes the catchment area for water, meaning it collects and stores water from rainfall or snowmelt. This water is then contributed to a stream, which is an important characteristic of a watershed. Therefore, the given answer accurately describes the characteristics of a watershed.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A river or stream that flows into a larger river or lake is called a ______________
Correct Answer
tributaryExplanation
A river or stream that flows into a larger river or lake is called a tributary. Tributaries are smaller bodies of water that contribute their water to a larger body of water. They play a crucial role in the overall flow and health of the larger river or lake, as they bring in additional water, sediment, and nutrients. Tributaries are important for the overall ecosystem and can have a significant impact on the water quality and biodiversity of the larger water body they flow into.Rate this question:
- 9.
Which of the following is the correct term for this definition "an embankment designed to prevent flooding from a river"?
- A.
Terraces
- B.
Levees
- C.
Valley walls
- D.
Deltas
Correct Answer
B. LeveesExplanation
Levees are the correct term for an embankment designed to prevent flooding from a river. Levees are raised banks or barriers constructed along the edges of rivers or other bodies of water to contain and control the flow of water, preventing it from overflowing and causing flooding. They are typically made of compacted soil, concrete, or other materials and are an important feature of flood control systems in many areas.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following is the correct term for the following definition "a flat area prone to flooding that lies adjacent to a stream"?
- A.
Floodplain
- B.
Terrace
- C.
Levee
- D.
Alluvial fan
Correct Answer
A. FloodplainExplanation
A floodplain is a flat area that is susceptible to flooding and is located next to a stream. It is the correct term for the given definition because it accurately describes the geographical feature being described. A floodplain is a low-lying area that is often covered by water during times of heavy rainfall or when a river overflows its banks. This term is commonly used in geography and hydrology to refer to areas that are at risk of flooding and play an important role in the natural processes of a river system.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is the correct term for the definition "deposits of old floodplain material that are parallel to the river valley and take steps along the edge of the bank"?
- A.
Levees
- B.
Runoff
- C.
Watershed
- D.
Terrace
Correct Answer
D. TerraceExplanation
Terrace is the correct term for the given definition. Terraces are deposits of old floodplain material that are parallel to the river valley and take steps along the edge of the bank. They are formed by the accumulation of sediments over time, creating a series of flat, elevated landforms along the river.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A _________ is a river channel that enters into a body of water and deposits sediment.
Correct Answer
DeltaExplanation
A delta is a river channel that enters into a body of water and deposits sediment. Deltas are formed when a river's velocity decreases as it meets a larger body of water, causing it to deposit the sediment it was carrying. The sediment accumulates over time, forming a fan-shaped landform known as a delta. Deltas are often found at the mouths of rivers, where they can create fertile and productive ecosystems.Rate this question:
- 13.
An alluvial fan indicates a past _______ ________.
Correct Answer
flood eventExplanation
An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit of sediment that forms when a fast-flowing stream or river suddenly slows down and deposits its load of sediment. This process usually occurs during a flood event, where the volume of water in the river exceeds its capacity, causing it to overflow its banks and spread out over the surrounding area. As the water slows down, it loses its ability to carry the sediment, leading to its deposition and the formation of an alluvial fan. Therefore, the presence of an alluvial fan indicates a past flood event.Rate this question:
- 14.
What happens to water in an alluvial fan?
- A.
River makes its way through the stream sediment
- B.
River is blocked and can not get to the ocean
- C.
River splits into many streams and goes into the soil
- D.
The river deposits sediment and stays where it is
Correct Answer
A. River makes its way through the stream sedimentExplanation
In an alluvial fan, the river makes its way through the stream sediment. Alluvial fans are formed when a river carrying sediment from upstream reaches a flat or gently sloping area, causing the sediment to spread out and form a fan-shaped deposit. As the river flows through the sediment, it gradually deposits the sediment and continues its course. This process can result in the formation of multiple channels or streams as the river splits and distributes its water into the surrounding soil.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is correct?
- A.
A low stream gradient is faster moving
- B.
A high stream gradient is slower moving
- C.
A low stream gradient is slower moving
- D.
A low stream gradient does not move
Correct Answer
C. A low stream gradient is slower movingExplanation
A low stream gradient refers to a gentle slope of the streambed. This means that the change in elevation over a given distance is minimal. In such cases, the water flow is slower as it encounters less resistance and has less energy to move quickly. On the other hand, a high stream gradient indicates a steeper slope, resulting in a faster-moving stream as the water has more energy to overcome the increased resistance. Therefore, the correct answer is that a low stream gradient is slower moving.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is true?
- A.
A high stream gradient is fast-moving.
- B.
A high stream gradient is slow moving.
- C.
A low stream gradient fast moving.
- D.
A high stream gradient does not move.
Correct Answer
A. A high stream gradient is fast-moving.Explanation
A high stream gradient refers to a steep slope or incline in the streambed. This means that the elevation of the stream changes rapidly over a short distance. In such cases, the stream water flows quickly and with greater force, resulting in a fast-moving stream. Therefore, it is true that a high stream gradient is fast-moving.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The discharge of water that moves over a designated point over a fixed period of time measured in cubes per second is known as _____________.
Correct Answer
stream flowExplanation
The term "stream flow" refers to the discharge of water that moves over a specific point within a given time period, typically measured in cubic units per second. This measurement helps in understanding the rate at which water is flowing in a stream or river.Rate this question:
- 18.
What three things do the volume and timing of stream flow depend on?
- A.
Climate, terrain, and ecosystem.
- B.
Climate, weather, and the watershed characteristics.
- C.
Stream velocity, habitat, and climate.
- D.
Habitat, weather, and irrigation systems.
Correct Answer
B. Climate, weather, and the watershed characteristics.Explanation
The volume and timing of stream flow depend on climate, weather, and the watershed characteristics. Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions, which influence the overall water availability in an area. Weather, on the other hand, refers to the short-term variations in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions, which can cause sudden changes in stream flow. Lastly, the characteristics of the watershed, such as its size, shape, and vegetation cover, affect how water is stored, absorbed, and released, thereby influencing the volume and timing of stream flow.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In regards to flood dynamics and magnitude-frequency which is correct?
- A.
A high frequency = high magnitude
- B.
A high frequency = low magnitude
- C.
A low frequency = low magnitude
- D.
A low and high frequency are both low and high magnitudes
Correct Answer
B. A high frequency = low magnitudeExplanation
In flood dynamics and magnitude-frequency, a high frequency refers to the occurrence of floods happening frequently. On the other hand, a low magnitude indicates that the floods are not severe or have a smaller impact. Therefore, when there is a high frequency of floods, it generally implies that the magnitude of these floods is low.Rate this question:
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- 20.
In regards to flood dynamics and magnitude-frequency which is correct?
- A.
A low frequency = low magnitude
- B.
A high frequency = high magnitude
- C.
A high and low frequency are both high magnitude
- D.
A low frequency = high magnitude
Correct Answer
D. A low frequency = high magnitudeExplanation
In flood dynamics and magnitude-frequency, the correct relationship is that a low frequency of floods corresponds to high magnitude. This means that when floods occur less frequently, they tend to be more severe in terms of their magnitude. Conversely, a high frequency of floods does not necessarily imply high magnitude.Rate this question:
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- 21.
How many years are channels sized to contain water for before a flood would occur?
- A.
1-2 years
- B.
3-5 years
- C.
6 months
- D.
2-10 years
Correct Answer
A. 1-2 yearsExplanation
Channels are sized to contain water for 1-2 years before a flood would occur. This means that the channels are designed to hold a sufficient amount of water for a period of 1-2 years before it reaches its maximum capacity and causes a flood. This sizing allows for the proper management of water flow and helps prevent flooding in the surrounding areas.Rate this question:
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- 22.
________ areas near the channel areas are more likely to flood.
Correct Answer
lowerExplanation
Lower areas near the channel are more likely to flood because water naturally flows downhill. As a result, when there is excess water in the channel, it will naturally flow into lower areas, causing them to flood. These lower areas have less elevation compared to higher areas, making them more susceptible to flooding.Rate this question:
- 23.
A __________ is part of the river!
Correct Answer
floodplainExplanation
A floodplain is a low-lying area next to a river that is prone to flooding during heavy rain or when the river overflows its banks. It is a natural feature of a river system and is formed by the deposition of sediment carried by the river over time. The floodplain provides important ecological benefits, such as nutrient-rich soil for agriculture and habitats for various plant and animal species. It also serves as a buffer zone during floods, helping to absorb and slow down floodwaters, reducing the risk of damage to nearby communities.Rate this question:
- 24.
What are the engineering systems used to prevent floods?
- A.
Pumps, dams, levees, watersheds
- B.
Dams, spillways, levees, dykes, pumps
- C.
Channelization, flood proof buildings, terraces, breakwaters
- D.
Stream flows, dykes, spillways, breakwaters
Correct Answer
B. Dams, spillways, levees, dykes, pumpsExplanation
The engineering systems used to prevent floods include dams, spillways, levees, dykes, and pumps. Dams are built to control the flow of water and prevent it from overflowing. Spillways are structures that allow excess water to flow safely away from a dam. Levees are embankments built along rivers or coastlines to prevent flooding. Dykes are similar to levees and are used to redirect or contain water. Pumps are used to remove excess water from flooded areas. These systems work together to mitigate the impact of floods and protect communities from water damage.Rate this question:
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- 25.
____________ are used to hold water back and control its flow.
Correct Answer
DamsExplanation
Dams are structures that are specifically designed to hold back water and regulate its flow. They are typically built across rivers or streams to create reservoirs, which can be used for various purposes such as irrigation, drinking water supply, hydroelectric power generation, and flood control. Dams are constructed using materials like concrete or earth, and they are equipped with gates or valves that can be opened or closed to control the release of water. By effectively holding water back and managing its flow, dams play a crucial role in water resource management and environmental protection.Rate this question:
- 26.
What helps a dam by releasing floods so that the water does not overtop and damage or destroy the dam?
- A.
Dykes
- B.
Spillways
- C.
Levees
- D.
Pumps
Correct Answer
B. SpillwaysExplanation
Spillways are structures built into dams to release excess water during flooding events. By allowing the water to flow through the spillway, it prevents the water level from rising too high and potentially overtopping the dam. This helps to protect the dam from damage or destruction that could occur if the water were to flow over the top. Dykes, levees, and pumps are not specifically designed for this purpose and do not provide the same level of flood control as spillways.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which term correctly matches this definition "an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river"?
- A.
Spillway
- B.
Dam
- C.
Channelization
- D.
Levee
Correct Answer
D. LeveeExplanation
A levee is a term that correctly matches the definition of "an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river." Levees are constructed along the banks of rivers to provide a barrier against flooding and to contain the water within its channel. They are typically made of soil or concrete and help to protect nearby areas from the destructive effects of river overflow.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What is channelization?
- A.
Increasing the length of a channel by making it straight rather than a curve.
- B.
Reducing the length of the channel by making it straight rather than a curve.
- C.
Reducing the length of the channel by making it wind rather be straight.
- D.
Increasing the length of a channel by making it wind rather than straight.
Correct Answer
C. Reducing the length of the channel by making it wind rather be straight. -
- 29.
Flooding is often _______________.
Correct Answer
predictableExplanation
Flooding is often predictable because it is caused by specific weather patterns and conditions. For example, heavy rainfall, melting snow, or hurricanes can lead to an increase in water levels and the overflow of rivers and streams. By monitoring these weather patterns and conditions, experts can make predictions and issue warnings to areas at risk of flooding. Additionally, historical data and floodplain mapping can further enhance the predictability of flooding events.Rate this question:
- 30.
Which of the following describes a flash flood?
- A.
Intense rainstorms occur in small steep and impermeable watersheds, often upstream.
- B.
Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.
- C.
Dam failure or artificial causes, sudden release of water, high magnitude and low frequency.
- D.
Occurs where river slope decreases, temperature drops and the surface of water freezes and collects ice.
Correct Answer
A. Intense rainstorms occur in small steep and impermeable watersheds, often upstream.Explanation
Flash floods occur when intense rainstorms happen in small, steep, and impermeable watersheds, often upstream. These watersheds are unable to absorb the excessive rainfall, causing a rapid rise in water levels and a sudden surge of water downstream. This can lead to dangerous and destructive flooding in a short period of time.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following describes an outburst flood?
- A.
Intense rain storms occur in small steep and impermeable watersheds, often upstream.
- B.
Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.
- C.
Occurs where river slope decreases, temperature drops and the surface of water freezes and collects ice.
- D.
Dam failure or artificial causes, sudden release of water, high magnitude and low frequency.
Correct Answer
D. Dam failure or artificial causes, sudden release of water, high magnitude and low frequency. -
- 32.
Which of the following describes a downstream flood?
- A.
Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.
- B.
Dam failure or artificial causes, sudden release of water, high magnitude and low frequency.
- C.
Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.
- D.
Occurs where river slope decreases, temperature drops and the surface of water freezes and collects ice.
Correct Answer
C. Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.Explanation
A downstream flood is characterized by larger watersheds, a slow rise in water levels, and a higher volume of water moving through them. This means that the flood occurs in areas where the river or stream widens, allowing for a greater amount of water to flow downstream. The slow rise in water levels indicates that the floodwaters gradually increase over time rather than occurring suddenly. This type of flood is typically caused by heavy rainfall or the melting of snow and ice in upstream areas, which results in a larger volume of water entering the downstream areas.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which of the following describes an ice jam flood?
- A.
Occurs where river slope decreases, temperature drops and the surface of water freezes and collects ice.
- B.
Dam failure or artificial causes, sudden release of water, high magnitude and low frequency.
- C.
Larger watersheds, slow rise, more water moves through them.
- D.
Intense rain storms occur in small steep and impermeable watersheds, often upstream.
Correct Answer
A. Occurs where river slope decreases, temperature drops and the surface of water freezes and collects ice.Explanation
An ice jam flood occurs when the slope of a river decreases, the temperature drops, and the surface of the water freezes, resulting in the accumulation of ice. This can lead to water being blocked and causing flooding in the surrounding areas.Rate this question:
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Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 25, 2015Quiz Created by
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