MCAT Physics: Key Concepts in Electricity and Potential

Coloumb's Law describes the fundamental force of electrostatic interaction between charged objects, stating that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

The concept of an electric field describes the influence that electric charges exert on other charges in their vicinity, affecting the force experienced by the charges.

Electric potential energy is defined as the work done in moving a charge from infinity to a specific point in an electric field, and is typically measured in units of Joules.

Electric Potential is a measure of the electric potential energy per unit charge at a specific point in space, which is essential in understanding the behavior of electric fields.

Potential difference is the difference in electric potential energy per unit of charge between two points in an electric circuit, commonly referred to as voltage.

The correct answer explains the relationship between the dipole moment, distance, and angle in determining the electric potential near a dipole.

The magnetic field around a straight wire is determined by the magnitude of current flowing through the wire and the distance from the wire. It follows the right-hand rule to determine the direction of the magnetic field.

When current flows through a loop of wire, a magnetic field is generated that forms concentric circles around the wire according to the right-hand rule.

The correct answer is q(v x B), where q is the charge of the particle, v is its velocity, and B is the magnetic field strength. This formula represents the cross product of the velocity and magnetic field vectors, resulting in the magnetic force experienced by the charge.

The magnetic force on a current-carrying wire is known as the Lorentz force, which is perpendicular to both the direction of the current and the magnetic field, based on the right-hand rule.