Test Your Integrated Science Basics Knowledge

Technology includes all methods societies use to create tools, systems, and processes that meet material needs. It goes beyond individual gadgets and includes techniques, knowledge, and applications that support daily life, production, and problem-solving within a civilization.

A scientific model is a simplified representation of a real object, system, or process. Models help scientists explain, visualize, and predict behavior. They can be physical, conceptual, or mathematical, but they are not guesses or raw data alone.

The scientific method is a structured process used to investigate questions. It involves forming hypotheses, testing them through experiments, analyzing results, and drawing conclusions. This systematic approach ensures reliable and repeatable scientific findings.

Natural science is divided into Earth science, physical science, and life science. These branches study Earth systems, matter and energy, and living organisms. Other sciences may overlap but are not considered the main branches.

Pure science focuses on understanding natural laws and principles without immediate practical application. Scientists conduct controlled studies to expand knowledge, which may later support technological or applied science developments.

Scientific laws describe consistent patterns observed in nature, while theories explain why those patterns occur. Laws summarize what happens, whereas theories provide explanations based on evidence and testing.

The scientific method follows a logical order: asking questions, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. Skipping steps reduces accuracy and reliability in scientific investigations.

An experiment is not a failure if it provides useful information. Even unexpected results help scientists refine hypotheses, improve methods, and understand what does not work.

Precision refers to how consistent repeated measurements are, while accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value. A measurement can be precise without being accurate, or accurate without being precise.

A data table organizes information using rows, columns, headings, and values. It allows data to be recorded clearly before being analyzed or graphed.

A line graph uses connected data points to show trends or relationships, especially over time or continuous variables.

Graphs help visualize data so patterns, trends, and relationships can be easily identified and interpreted.

The independent variable is the factor deliberately changed in an experiment, while the dependent variable is the outcome that is measured in response.

SI units provide standardized measurements worldwide. Mass is measured in grams or kilograms, length in meters, temperature in Kelvin, and volume in liters, ensuring consistency in science.

Scientific theories change when new evidence shows they can no longer explain or predict observations accurately. This adaptability strengthens scientific understanding rather than weakening it.