Understanding Australia: Key Concepts and Historical Policies

Marsupials are mammals that give birth to relatively undeveloped young that then crawl into a pouch on the mother's belly where they continue to develop. Placentals, Monotremes, and Amphibians do not exhibit this characteristic.

Native Australians are commonly known as Aborginals. Maoris are indigenous people of New Zealand, Inuits are indigenous people of the Arctic regions, and Native Americans are indigenous people of the Americas.

For many years, Australia had a 'White Australia' policy that restricted immigration to only people of European descent, while excluding people of other races. This policy was aimed at maintaining a homogenous white population in the country.

Australia is known to face issues like droughts, wildfires, and traffic congestion, but border disputes are not one of its major problems.

The correct statement is that most Australian's live in rural areas. The other three incorrect options provide common misconceptions about Australia's population distribution.

Tasmania is the correct answer as it is the island directly across the Bass Strait from the southeastern coast of Australia.

The core area of Australia is mainly located in the Southeast region, encompassing major cities like Sydney, Melbourne, and Canberra. This region is characterized by diverse landscapes and is home to a significant portion of the country's population and economic activity.

The correct answer is 85% as the majority of Australians reside in urban areas. It reflects the trend of urbanization in the country.

Canberra is the capital city of Australia, not Sydney, Melbourne, or Brisbane. While Sydney is the largest city in Australia, it is not the capital. Melbourne was briefly the capital before Canberra was established in 1913. Brisbane is the capital city of the state of Queensland, not the country as a whole.

The Outback is a term used to describe the remote and sparsely populated interior regions of Australia, typically characterized by arid landscapes and unique wildlife. It is a significant part of Australian identity and culture.

The correct answer is dairying because it requires a consistent water supply and lush grasslands which are typically found in moist environments. Sheep farming, wheat farming, and grape growing are more commonly associated with drier climates.

The correct answer is Maori. The Maori are the largest ethnic minority group in New Zealand, with Polynesian roots and a rich cultural heritage.

The correct answer is 'Waitangi'. The Treaty of Waitangi is considered one of the most significant documents in New Zealand's history, establishing a framework for coexistence between the Maori people and Europeans.

The correct answer is 'foreign' as it refers to individuals born in a country other than Australia. This accounts for 25% of Australia's total population.

Grain or wheat is Australia's largest commercial crop due to its high demand and production levels across the country.

Australia has a strong historical and ongoing relationship with Papua New Guinea in terms of development assistance, cooperation, and partnership.

The term "Austral" is derived from the Latin word for south, 'australis', which is why it means south.

East Timor, officially known as Timor-Leste, gained independence from Indonesia in 2002 after a long struggle for self-determination. It is located near Australia in Southeast Asia.