Egypt

Ancient Egypt existed roughly from 3100 b.c. to 671 b.c. and is known for its iconic pyramids, pharaohs, and hieroglyphics.

The Egyptians primarily lived along the Nile River, as it provided fertile land for agriculture and easy transportation.

The Egyptians controlled the Nile through a combination of natural barriers like cataracts, levees, and using the shadoof for irrigation which provided protection from flooding and fertile soil for agriculture.

A shadoof is a mechanical device used in agriculture in ancient Egypt to lift water from a lower to a higher level. It consists of a long wooden beam with a bucket at one end and a weight attached at the other end.

The term 'Pharaoh' originated from the ancient Egyptian word 'per aa' which meant 'great house', and it referred to the title of the rulers of Egypt. Narmer, also known as Menes, is considered the first Pharaoh and unified Upper and Lower Egypt.

Pyramids are most commonly associated with Ancient Egypt, as they were used as tombs for pharaohs and other royalty. While other ancient civilizations also constructed pyramid-like structures, the iconic image of pyramids is often linked to Egypt.

Embalming is a process specifically used to preserve human remains to prevent decomposition.

A mummy refers to a human or animal body that has been preserved through embalming and wrapping in cloth. It is commonly associated with ancient Egyptian culture and is often found in tombs or pyramids.