Chapter 7 Vocab

Volcanoes are geological formations caused by the release of magma from below the Earth's crust.

The term 'plebeian' traditionally referred to the common people in ancient Rome, including farmers, tradespeople, and craftsmen, as opposed to the higher classes such as nobility and military officials.

Patricians in ancient Rome were the elite class and members of noble families who held high social and political status in society.

The term 'republic' comes from the Latin word 'res publica' which means 'public things'. It refers to a form of government in which power resides in the people or their elected representatives, rather than being ruled by a monarch.

A representative is someone elected or chosen to act on behalf of others in running the government, making decisions, and passing laws.

Tribunes were elected representatives of the plebeians in ancient Rome who had the power to protect the interests of the common people and veto actions of the Roman Senate.

Consuls in Ancient Rome were elected officials who served as the highest-ranking military commanders.

The Twelve Tables refer to the earliest attempt by the Romans to create a code of law. Instead of physical tables, they were laws inscribed on bronze tablets and displayed publicly.

The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC, resulting in the destruction of Carthage and the emergence of Rome as the dominant Mediterranean power.