Bio 170 Lab Practical 1

1. What describes the asconoid body plan in sponges?

Body form with a solid structure and no internal cavities.

Body form with multiple layers of choanocytes and a complex canal system.

Body form with a central cavity surrounded by multiple canals.

Simplest body form of sponges, with canals leading directly from the surrounding water to the interior spongocoel. The asconoid body plan is characterized by a stalk-like spongocoel surrounded by a single layer of choanocytes.

The asconoid body plan in sponges is characterized by a simple structure with canals leading directly to the interior spongocoel, and not by multiple layers of choanocytes or a complex canal system. It does not have a central cavity surrounded by multiple canals or a solid structure without internal cavities.

Explanation

The asconoid body plan in sponges is characterized by a simple structure with canals leading directly to the interior spongocoel, and not by multiple layers of choanocytes or a complex canal system. It does not have a central cavity surrounded by multiple canals or a solid structure without internal cavities.

2. What is a leuconoid?

A type of coral reef formation.

A type of cellular organelle found in sponges.

The body form of simplest complexity in sponges.

The body form of highest complexity in sponges. The lueconoid form is highly irregular, displays the greatest degree of folding of the body wall, and has radial symmetry. Lueconoid sponges have clusters of flagellated chambers lined with choanocytes, and water enters and leave the chambers by systems of incurrent and excurrent canals. Most sponges are of the lueconoid type and most lueconoids belong to the class Demospongiae.

A leuconoid refers to the most complex body form in sponges that involves intricate folding of the body wall, radial symmetry, and specialized flagellated chambers for water flow. It is not related to coral reef formations, simple body forms, or cellular organelles.

Explanation

A leuconoid refers to the most complex body form in sponges that involves intricate folding of the body wall, radial symmetry, and specialized flagellated chambers for water flow. It is not related to coral reef formations, simple body forms, or cellular organelles.

3. What is a syconoid?

A deep-sea sponge that thrives in complete darkness near hydrothermal vents.

A type of freshwater sponge found in rivers and lakes.

Strictly marine form, living in clusters in shallow water, usually attached to rocks pilings, or shells. The body wall is made up of a system of tiny, interconnected, dead-end canals whose flagellated cells draw in water from the outside through _____ pores, take from it the necessary food particles and oxygen, and then empty it into a large central cavity or exit to the outside. Syconoid sponges tend to be larger than asconoids and have a tubular body with a single osculum.

A land-dwelling sponge that lives in arid desert regions.

Syconoid sponges are characterized by their strictly marine habitat, tubular body structure, and intricate system of interconnected canals for water circulation and filtration.

Explanation

Syconoid sponges are characterized by their strictly marine habitat, tubular body structure, and intricate system of interconnected canals for water circulation and filtration.

4. What is an osculum?

A respiratory organ in fish for extracting oxygen from water.

An excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel.

A tentacle-like structure in jellyfish used for capturing prey.

A small opening in a sponge where water enters for filter feeding.

The correct answer describes the osculum in a sponge, which is a unique feature of sponges related to water circulation and excretion.

Explanation

The correct answer describes the osculum in a sponge, which is a unique feature of sponges related to water circulation and excretion.

5. What is a spongocoel?

A type of tentacle found in sea anemones.

The large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters the spongocoel through hundreds of tiny pores (Ostia) and exits through the larger opening (Osculum). Spongocoel is lined with choanocytes, which have flagella that psuh water through the spongocoel, creating a current.

A structure for water storage in sea cucumbers.

A small opening in coral reefs.

The spongocoel is the central cavity of sponges that plays a key role in their filtration system.

Explanation

The spongocoel is the central cavity of sponges that plays a key role in their filtration system.