Emea Hernia Binder S3 M4 Vhr Level 2

The open abdomen is never actually left open to air, instead the surgeon covers the
wound with a suitable dressing that protects the abdominal contents from drying out,
becoming infected or becoming necrotic.

Abdominal compartment syndrome refers to a condition where there is a sudden and significant increase in pressure within the abdominal cavity. This increased pressure can disrupt blood flow to the organs, leading to various complications. The other options, component separation and open abdomen syndrome, do not specifically refer to the extreme increase in pressure within the abdominal cavity. Therefore, the correct answer is Abdominal compartment syndrome.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that a planned ventral hernia is termed as such because the surgeon knows that the viscera are likely to protrude through the hernia defect after the first stage is complete, therefore a second surgery is anticipated. This means that the statement is true.

Staged hernia repairs can be classified into two categories: two-stage hernia repair and open abdomen hernia repair. Two-stage hernia repair involves performing the repair in two separate stages, typically with an initial temporary closure followed by a definitive repair. Open abdomen hernia repair, on the other hand, refers to a surgical technique where the abdomen is left open after hernia repair, allowing for ongoing monitoring and potential closure at a later stage. Therefore, the correct answer is Two-stage hernia repair & Open abdomen hernia repair.

In the first stage of two-stage hernia repair when infection is present, several steps are involved in treating the patient. Debriding of the wound is necessary to remove any dead or infected tissue. Draining of the wound is important to allow any fluid or pus to be released. Antibiotic therapy is essential to combat the infection and prevent its spread. However, repair of the wound with prosthetic mesh is not typically done in the first stage as it is usually reserved for the second stage of the procedure.

A hernia field may become contaminated as a result of an enterocutaneous fistula, which is an abnormal connection between the intestines and the skin. This can allow bacteria from the intestines to enter the hernia field and cause infection. Traumatic injury to the bowel can also lead to contamination as it can cause a rupture in the bowel, allowing bacteria to enter the hernia field. Operations on the digestive track can introduce bacteria into the hernia field if proper sterile techniques are not followed. Primary suture closure of the hernia defect may not directly cause contamination, but if there is an underlying infection or contamination present, closing the hernia defect may trap the bacteria inside and worsen the infection.

The recent developments that have allowed for definitive single-stage repair in the presence of contamination or infection are the introduction of biological meshes and the component separation technique. Biological meshes are materials derived from human or animal tissue that can be used to reinforce weakened or damaged tissue. The component separation technique involves separating layers of tissue in order to close large defects without tension. These advancements have improved the success rates of surgeries in contaminated or infected areas, allowing for a single-stage repair. Synthetic meshes are also an option for repair, but they are not specifically mentioned as contributing to definitive single-stage repair in the presence of contamination or infection.

AlloDerm was chosen as the biological mesh in the 2005 study authored by Bradford Scott because of its ability to be used in a contaminated field. This suggests that AlloDerm is effective in situations where there is a risk of infection or contamination, making it a suitable choice for the study. Additionally, the other options mentioned, such as AlloDerm's ability to stretch significantly and its longevity in the market, may also be true but are not specifically mentioned as the reasons for its selection in the study.

Planned ventral hernias can be associated with several morbidities. One of these is exposed bowel, which is prone to fistula formation. This means that the bowel may become exposed through the hernia defect, increasing the risk of a fistula developing. Another associated morbidity is a long hospital stay, as ventral hernia repair surgery often requires a significant recovery period. Additionally, patients may experience a large, unsightly, and possibly painful hernia bulge. This can cause discomfort and affect the patient's quality of life. However, skin necrosis is not mentioned as an associated morbidity in this question.

Applying negative pressure to the wound is a technique used by surgeons to reduce edema and promote wound closure. Negative pressure wound therapy involves placing a vacuum dressing over the wound, which creates a controlled suction that helps remove excess fluid and promote blood flow to the area. This technique can help reduce swelling and improve healing by stimulating the formation of granulation tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is applying negative pressure to the wound.