Cytology: Transudates/Exudates

1. Macrophages are a type of WBC that _____.

Ingests foriegn material

Lyses cells by bursting them

Crenates cells by leaking the fluids out

Just love to be rebels

2. Exudates are marked by ____ cellularity.

Increased

Decreased

Moderate

Diverse

3. _ migrate into the tissues of the body where they differentiate into __.

Monocytes, macrophages

Lymphocytes, macrophages

Eosinophils, memory B cells

Apples, watermelons

4. TNCC stands for....

Total Nucleated Cell Count

Total Number of Cells Count

Total Number of Cotton Candy

Total Numbing of the Cerebral Cortex

TNCC and total protein should be determined when handling fluid samples.

Explanation

TNCC and total protein should be determined when handling fluid samples.

5. This fluid passes through a membrane which filters out much of the protein and cellular elements, yielding a watery solution. It is basically a filtrate of blood, accumulating in tissues outside blood vessels. It may cause edema.

Transudate

Exudate

Modified exudate

Milkshake

6. Macrophages are in connective tissue in the presence of inflammation.

True

False

Where there's an inflammation, there's a macrophage.
Macrophages...your defenders for life...

Explanation

Where there's an inflammation, there's a macrophage.
Macrophages...your defenders for life...

7. In exudates, TP is _ and Specific Gravity is .

Higher than 3 g/dL, >1.025

Lower than 3 g/dL, >1.025

Higher than 3 g/dL,

Lower than 6 g/dL, >1.035

8. Healthy mesothelium is composed of a flattened monolayer of mesothelial cells that line the , and _ cavities.

Pleural, pericardial, peritoneal

Pleural, endocardial, abdominal

Pleural, pericardial, abdominal

Oral, pelvic, abdominal

9. This fluid is rich in protein and cellular elements. It oozes out of blood vessels due to inflammation and is deposited nearby.

Exudate

Transudate

Modified transudate

Coffee from A&W

For the record, coffee from A&W is so gross we might as well nickname it exudate.

Explanation

For the record, coffee from A&W is so gross we might as well nickname it exudate.

10. The tunica albuginea of the testes is covered by mesothelial cells.

True

False

11. In degenerative exudates, pyknosis, _, and are all examples of nuclear changes.

Karyohexis, karyolysis

Pinocytosis, karyolysis

Karyohexis, hemolysis

Pykatchu, karyozard

12. The degree of turbidity in a fluid sample may reflect the number of _____.

Leukocytes

Erythrocytes

Thrombocytes

Reticulocytes

Inflammation may also discolor body fluids, with the degree of turbidity reflecting leukocyte numbers.

Explanation

Inflammation may also discolor body fluids, with the degree of turbidity reflecting leukocyte numbers.

13. When mesothelia cells are perturbed, they may decrease in size and number.

True

False

Increased in size number: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia.

Explanation

Increased in size number: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia.

14. This structure forms the site of adhesion between two cells, consisting of a dense plate in each adjacent cell. It is found in mesothelial cells.

Desmosome

Crown

Microvillli

Berlin wall

15. This fluid is seen with additional protein and/or cells. It may be in a transitional stage, progressing to a different type of fluid.

Modified transudate

Transudate

Modified exudate

Exudate

Transudate with additional protein and/or cells. It may in a transitional stage, progressing to an exudate.

Explanation

Transudate with additional protein and/or cells. It may in a transitional stage, progressing to an exudate.

16. ___ with increased turbidity may due to _ with peripheral blood, recent or old hemorrhage, inflammation, or a combination.

Gross discoloration, iatrogenic contamination

Iatrogenic contamination, gross discoloration

Gross discoloration, infections

Iatrogenic contamination, infections

17. In transudates, the sediment shows _ and __.

Mesothelial cells, macrophages

Mesothelial cells, monocytes

Endothelial cells, macrophages

Mast cells, monocytes

18. Transudates are more likely to be found in or ___.

Ascites, pleural effusions

Ascites, pulmonary edema

Prespiration, pus

Boston Pizza, Swiss Chalet

Pleural effusions: In cases of heart failure or other circulatory disorders.

Explanation

Pleural effusions: In cases of heart failure or other circulatory disorders.

19. Transudates typically have a TNCC _____.

Less than 500/mL

Higher than 500/mL

Less than 200/mL

Higher than 200/mL

20. When it comes to fluid samples, __ and _ are influenced by protein concentration and cell numbers.

Color, turbidity

Odor, color

Color, consistency

Turbidity, consistency

21. Exudates!

Septic

Nonseptic

Degenerative

Non-Degenerative

Submit

22. Which one do you like?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

23. Following fluid accumulation within the body cavities, mesothelial cells may and implant on surfaces.

Exfoliate, serosal

Exfloiate, rejuvenate

Enlarge, pericardial

Increase, serosal

24. When it comes to exudates, the __ of blood vessels permits the passage of _ and solid matter through the vessel walls.

Altered permeability, large molecules

Increased pressure, protein

Altered permeability, protein

Increased pressure, ice cream cones

The vessels seem to weep/sweat.

Explanation

The vessels seem to weep/sweat.

25. Transudates typically have a TP of _ and a Specific Gravity of _.

Less than 3 g/dL,

Higher than 3g/dL, >1.017

Less than 2 g/dL,

Higher than 3 g/dL,

26. The Latin word "" means to _, and is the origin of the word "exudate".

Exsudare, sweat out

Exsudare, weep

Exudarius, sweat out

Exudatum, cry eternal tears of bloody sorrow

What if it turns out to be a bonus question ???

Oh wait...

Explanation

What if it turns out to be a bonus question ???

Oh wait...

27. Fluid samples: Hemorrhage that occurred at least _ previously can cause a _ supernatant, with little erythrocyte sediment.

2 days, yellowish

2 days, reddish

24 hours, yellowish

24 hours, reddish

28. Select the options associated with exudates.

Sediment shows neutrophils, lymphocytes, and small number of macrophages

Higher cell count and protein value usually indicate inflammation/injury

Perspiration, pus and serum

Ascites

Sediment shows monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils

An apple a day doesn't actually keep the doctor away

Submit

29. Select the characteristics of mesothelial cells.

Rounded shape

Cellular outline that possesses fine undulations (crown)

Can transform into phagocytes

Can become multinucleated when activated

Part of the serous membrane

Can transform into pinocytes

Can be found shopping at Food Basics every now and then

Submit

30. Fluid samples: Color may vary from , , , _, depending on the number of erythrocytes also involved and the integrity of the cells present. Select the possible colors

Off-white

Cream

Red-cream

Dirty brown

Bright purple

Candy pink

Spring green

Submit

31. When cells are affected by inflammation, irritation, or malignancy, they may have a similar cytological appearance to cells.

Non-neoplastic mesothelial, mesothelioma

Neoplastic mesothelial, mesothelioma

Mesothelial, neoplastic mesothelial

Neoplastic mesothelial, non-neoplastic mesothelial

I hate this mesothelial word. I keep typing it wrong.

Explanation

I hate this mesothelial word. I keep typing it wrong.

32. A transudate can be caused by several things. Select the correct options.

Pressure forcing fluid through vessel walls

Increased pressure in veins and capillaries

Low levels of protein in blood serum

Altered permeability in blood vessels

The communist regime

Submit

33. Fluid samples: Recent hemolysis creates a reddish discoloration to the sediment.

True

False

To the supernatant.

Explanation

To the supernatant.

34. Check the options that are associated with modified transudates.

Moderately cellular

Sediment shows mesothelial cells and macrophages

Often amber or pink and turbid

TP between 2.5 and 7.5 g/dL

Specific gravity 1.017 < 1.025

TNCC less than 500/mL

Sediment shows metholial cells and macrophages

Enjoys evening walks on the beach under the full moon

Submit

35. Characteristics of fluid samples: What are we observing/recording (Select all that apply)

Total volume of fluid

Time of collection

Color

Turbidity

Odor

Method of collection

Taste

Consistency

"This sample tastes like rotten passion fruit..."

Explanation

"This sample tastes like rotten passion fruit..."

Submit

Cytology: Transudates/Exudates

1. Macrophages are a type of WBC that _____.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Exudates are marked by ____ cellularity.

3. _____ migrate into the tissues of the body where they differentiate into ______.

4. TNCC stands for....

5. This fluid passes through a membrane which filters out much of the protein and cellular elements, yielding a watery solution. It is basically a filtrate of blood, accumulating in tissues outside blood vessels. It may cause edema.

6. Macrophages are in connective tissue in the presence of inflammation.

7. In exudates, TP is _____ and Specific Gravity is ____.

8. Healthy mesothelium is composed of a flattened monolayer of mesothelial cells that line the ____, ____ and _____ cavities.

9. This fluid is rich in protein and cellular elements. It oozes out of blood vessels due to inflammation and is deposited nearby.

10. The tunica albuginea of the testes is covered by mesothelial cells.

11. In degenerative exudates, pyknosis, _____, and ____ are all examples of nuclear changes.

12. The degree of turbidity in a fluid sample may reflect the number of _____.

13. When mesothelia cells are perturbed, they may decrease in size and number.

14. This structure forms the site of adhesion between two cells, consisting of a dense plate in each adjacent cell. It is found in mesothelial cells.

15. This fluid is seen with additional protein and/or cells. It may be in a transitional stage, progressing to a different type of fluid.

16. _______ with increased turbidity may due to _____ with peripheral blood, recent or old hemorrhage, inflammation, or a combination.

17. In transudates, the sediment shows ___ and ____.

18. Transudates are more likely to be found in ____ or _______.

19. Transudates typically have a TNCC _____.

20. When it comes to fluid samples, ______ and _____ are influenced by protein concentration and cell numbers.

21. Exudates!

22. Which one do you like?

23. Following fluid accumulation within the body cavities, mesothelial cells may ____ and implant on ____ surfaces.

24. When it comes to exudates, the ______ of blood vessels permits the passage of _____ and solid matter through the vessel walls.

25. Transudates typically have a TP of _____ and a Specific Gravity of _____.

26. The Latin word "____" means to _____, and is the origin of the word "exudate".

27. Fluid samples: Hemorrhage that occurred at least _____ previously can cause a _____ supernatant, with little erythrocyte sediment.

28. Select the options associated with exudates.

29. Select the characteristics of mesothelial cells.

30. Fluid samples: Color may vary from ______, ______, ______, _______, depending on the number of erythrocytes also involved and the integrity of the cells present. Select the possible colors

31. When ______ cells are affected by inflammation, irritation, or malignancy, they may have a similar cytological appearance to ______ cells.

32. A transudate can be caused by several things. Select the correct options.

33. Fluid samples: Recent hemolysis creates a reddish discoloration to the sediment.

34. Check the options that are associated with modified transudates.

35. Characteristics of fluid samples: What are we observing/recording (Select all that apply)

3. _ migrate into the tissues of the body where they differentiate into __.

7. In exudates, TP is _ and Specific Gravity is .

8. Healthy mesothelium is composed of a flattened monolayer of mesothelial cells that line the , and _ cavities.

11. In degenerative exudates, pyknosis, _, and are all examples of nuclear changes.

16. ___ with increased turbidity may due to _ with peripheral blood, recent or old hemorrhage, inflammation, or a combination.

17. In transudates, the sediment shows _ and __.

18. Transudates are more likely to be found in or ___.

20. When it comes to fluid samples, __ and _ are influenced by protein concentration and cell numbers.

23. Following fluid accumulation within the body cavities, mesothelial cells may and implant on surfaces.

24. When it comes to exudates, the __ of blood vessels permits the passage of _ and solid matter through the vessel walls.

25. Transudates typically have a TP of _ and a Specific Gravity of _.

26. The Latin word "" means to _, and is the origin of the word "exudate".

27. Fluid samples: Hemorrhage that occurred at least _ previously can cause a _ supernatant, with little erythrocyte sediment.

30. Fluid samples: Color may vary from , , , _, depending on the number of erythrocytes also involved and the integrity of the cells present. Select the possible colors

31. When cells are affected by inflammation, irritation, or malignancy, they may have a similar cytological appearance to cells.