Cytology: Acid-base Balance, Metabolic Alkalosis/Acidosis
Slide 17-end
- 1.Which statement about metabolic acidosis is correct?
- A.
It's the most common acid-base abnormality in dogs and cats
- B.
It's the least common acid-base abnormality in dogs and cats
- C.
It affects most dairy cattle
- D.
Horses are never affected by this disorder
- 2.What on earth is ABE?
- A.
Adjusted Base Excess
- B.
Arterial Bloodgas Excretion
- C.
The attractive hokey player neighbor you awkwardly stare at every morning while waiting for the bus.....
- D.
Adequate Base Excess
- 3.In metabolic acidosis, blood gas shows ____ ABE or low ______.
- A.
Low, HCO3-
- B.
High, HCO3-
- C.
Low, CO2
- D.
High, CO2
- 4.Select the causes of metabolic acidosis.
- A.
Renal failure
- B.
Ethylene glycol toxicity
- C.
DKA
- D.
Hypoadrenocorticism
- E.
Diarrhea
- F.
Lactic acid gain
- G.
Diabetes mellitus
- H.
Diabetes insipidus
- 5.The body's rapid response to metabolic acidosis involves the natural compensation by hyperventilating.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.Treatment of metabolic acidosis involves....
- A.
Alkalinizing IV solution, and in severe cases, sodium bicarbonate
- B.
Alkalinizing IV solution
- C.
Immediate administration of sodium bicarbonate
- D.
It resolves on its own
- 7.Why should we avoid administering fast infusions of sodium bicarbonate to dehydrated patients with metabolic acidosis?
- A.
They could die
- B.
The treatment will cause alkalosis
- C.
The treatment won't affect the patient
- D.
Sodium bicarbonate is not a treatment option for metabolic acidosis.
- 8.Select the complications that could occur with bicarbonate therapy.
- A.
Volume overload
- B.
Tetany (decreased serum calcium)
- C.
Decreased O2 delivery to tissues
- D.
Decreased CO2 levels
- E.
Alkalosis
- 9.In metabolic Alkalosis, blood gas shows increased _____ or high _____/
- A.
ABE, HCO3-
- B.
HCO3-, CO2
- C.
ABE, CO2
- D.
O2, CO2
- 10.The body's response to metabolic alkalosis is a natural ____ through the respiratory system by _______.
- A.
Compensation, hypoventilation
- B.
Compensation, hyperventilation
- C.
System, hypoventilation
- D.
Diet, making gluten free pizza
- 11.The treatment of metabolic alkalosis involves....
- A.
Treat underlying cause. In emergencies give fluids. Replace potassium if hypokalemic.
- B.
Administer fluids and replace potassium if hypokalemic.
- C.
Treat underlying cause and replace potassium if hypokalemic.
- D.
Administer bicarbonate
- 12.If a patient is ______ and plasma HCO3- is decreased, _______ is present.
- A.
Acidemic, metabolic acidosis
- B.
Acidemic, metabolic alkalosis
- C.
Alkalemic, metabolic alkalosis
- D.
Grumpy, anger management need
- 13.If a patient is acidemic and PCO2 is increased, respiratory acidosis is present .
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.If a patient is _______ with increased plasma HCO3-, _______ is present
- A.
Alkalemic, metabolic alkalosis
- B.
Acidemic, metabolic alkalosis
- C.
Alkalemia, metabolic acidosis
- D.
Acidemic, respiratory alkalosis
- 15.If a patient is alkalemic and PCO2 is increased, respiratory alkalosis is present.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.When assessing ________, _____ samples are preferred over _____ samples.
- A.
Blood gases, arterial, venous
- B.
ABE, acidic, alkaline
- C.
Blood gases, venous, arterial
- D.
Ice cream, frozen, melting
- 17.Blood can only be stored for _____ maximum at room temperature without significant changes in blood gas values.
- A.
15 mins
- B.
10 mins
- C.
20 mins
- D.
30 mins
- 18.Interpreting values: pH less than _____ = acidosis. pH greater than ______ = alkalosis.
- A.
7.35, 7.45
- B.
7.45, 7.35
- C.
7.00, 7.45
- D.
7.00, 7.55
- 19.HCO3- less than _____ indicates metabolic acidosis. HCO3- greater than _____ indicates metabolic alkalosis.
- A.
17 FE and 18 CA 23 FE and 26 CA
- B.
12 FE and 18 CA 23 FE and 26 CA
- C.
17 FE and 22 CA 25 FE and 26 CA
- D.
17 FE and 18 CA 23 FE and 28 CA
- 20.ABE considers any alterations in ______ and adjusts, so even if the _______ is abnormal, the metabolic state can be determined.
- A.
PCO2, CO2
- B.
CO2, PCO2
- C.
HCO3-, CO2
- D.
HCO3-, H+
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