Current Electricity Basic Concept

1. For a solid conductor, what is the name of the particle that carries a charge
and hence creates current call?

Electron

Proton

Neutron

None of the above

An electron is a negatively charged particle that carries a charge and creates current in a solid conductor. It is the movement of electrons that constitutes an electric current. Protons and neutrons, on the other hand, are particles found in the nucleus of an atom and do not move freely within a conductor to create current. Therefore, the correct answer is electron.

Explanation

An electron is a negatively charged particle that carries a charge and creates current in a solid conductor. It is the movement of electrons that constitutes an electric current. Protons and neutrons, on the other hand, are particles found in the nucleus of an atom and do not move freely within a conductor to create current. Therefore, the correct answer is electron.

2. This simplified diagram represents a cyclic movement of water where there is a pump, P, to pump water up to a higher level reservoir. The water flows down to the bottom reservoir, which is then again pumped up.

Now imagine that this can represent an electric circuit. Which part of the diagram will represent the battery?

The top reservoir

The pump

The piping

The bottom reservoir

In an electric circuit, the battery is responsible for providing the energy that drives the flow of electric current. Similarly, in the given diagram, the pump plays the role of the battery by providing the energy to pump the water up to the higher level reservoir. Just like the battery in an electric circuit, the pump is the component that initiates the movement and drives the flow of the water in the cyclic movement. Therefore, the pump represents the battery in this simplified diagram.

Explanation

In an electric circuit, the battery is responsible for providing the energy that drives the flow of electric current. Similarly, in the given diagram, the pump plays the role of the battery by providing the energy to pump the water up to the higher level reservoir. Just like the battery in an electric circuit, the pump is the component that initiates the movement and drives the flow of the water in the cyclic movement. Therefore, the pump represents the battery in this simplified diagram.

3. This simplified diagram represents a cyclic movement of water where there is a pump, P, to pump water up to a higher level reservoir. The water flows down to the bottom reservoir, which is then again pumped up.

Now imagine that this can represent an electric circuit. How would you measure the “current” of this “circuit”?

Measure the rate of water flow

Measure the weight of the water

Measure the density of the liquid used

Measure the amount of energy required by the pump to pump the water up

To measure the "current" of this "circuit", we can use the analogy of water flow. Just like the rate of water flow represents the amount of water passing through a certain point in a given time, the current in an electric circuit represents the flow of electric charge. Therefore, measuring the rate of water flow in this simplified diagram would be equivalent to measuring the current in the electric circuit.

Explanation

To measure the "current" of this "circuit", we can use the analogy of water flow. Just like the rate of water flow represents the amount of water passing through a certain point in a given time, the current in an electric circuit represents the flow of electric charge. Therefore, measuring the rate of water flow in this simplified diagram would be equivalent to measuring the current in the electric circuit.

4. One ______is the p.d. across a load if the work done to bring 1 C of
positive charge across the load is 1 J.

Ohm

Ampere

Volt

None of the above

The correct answer is "Volt". Volt is the unit of measurement for electric potential difference, also known as voltage. It represents the amount of work done to move a positive charge of 1 Coulomb across a load. Therefore, the p.d. across a load is measured in volts.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Volt". Volt is the unit of measurement for electric potential difference, also known as voltage. It represents the amount of work done to move a positive charge of 1 Coulomb across a load. Therefore, the p.d. across a load is measured in volts.

5. The difference in potential between a cloud and earth is 1.0 x 10⁹ V. In a lightning discharge from the cloud to earth, a charge of 20 C passes. Calculate the energy involved in this discharge.

0.50 x 10^ -8

0.50 x 10^8

2.0 x 10^ -8

2.0 x 10^10

The energy involved in a discharge can be calculated using the formula E = qV, where E is the energy, q is the charge, and V is the potential difference. In this case, the charge is given as 20 C and the potential difference is given as 1.0 x 10^9 V. Plugging these values into the formula, we get E = 20 C x 1.0 x 10^9 V = 2.0 x 10^10 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.0 x 10^10.

Explanation

The energy involved in a discharge can be calculated using the formula E = qV, where E is the energy, q is the charge, and V is the potential difference. In this case, the charge is given as 20 C and the potential difference is given as 1.0 x 10^9 V. Plugging these values into the formula, we get E = 20 C x 1.0 x 10^9 V = 2.0 x 10^10 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.0 x 10^10.

6. Which of the following represent a light bulb?

I

Ii

Iii

Iv

Option iii represents a light bulb.

Explanation

Option iii represents a light bulb.

7. To transfer 2.0C of charge from point A to B (where its potential
difference is 4.0 V) in a circuit. How much energy is needed?

2.0 J

6.0 J

0.50 J

8.0 J

The energy needed to transfer charge from point A to B can be calculated using the formula: energy = charge x potential difference. In this case, the charge is given as 2.0C and the potential difference is given as 4.0V. Plugging these values into the formula, we get: energy = 2.0C x 4.0V = 8.0 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 8.0 J.

Explanation

The energy needed to transfer charge from point A to B can be calculated using the formula: energy = charge x potential difference. In this case, the charge is given as 2.0C and the potential difference is given as 4.0V. Plugging these values into the formula, we get: energy = 2.0C x 4.0V = 8.0 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 8.0 J.

8. 4.0 J of electrical energy is converted to thermal energy when 6.0 C of
charges pass through a resistor. What is the potential difference across the resistor?

0.67V

1.5V

24V

Cannot be determined due to lack of information

The potential difference across the resistor can be determined using the formula: Potential difference = Electrical energy / Charges. In this case, the electrical energy is given as 4.0 J and the charges are given as 6.0 C. Therefore, the potential difference across the resistor is 4.0 J / 6.0 C = 0.67V.

Explanation

The potential difference across the resistor can be determined using the formula: Potential difference = Electrical energy / Charges. In this case, the electrical energy is given as 4.0 J and the charges are given as 6.0 C. Therefore, the potential difference across the resistor is 4.0 J / 6.0 C = 0.67V.

9. In an electric discharge, a total of 150 C of charges flows into the earth in 1.50 minutes. What is the average current?

1.67 A

60.0 A

100 A

225 A

The average current can be calculated by dividing the total charge by the time it takes for the charge to flow. In this case, the total charge is 150 C and the time is 1.50 minutes. Dividing 150 C by 1.50 minutes gives us an average current of 1.67 A.

Explanation

The average current can be calculated by dividing the total charge by the time it takes for the charge to flow. In this case, the total charge is 150 C and the time is 1.50 minutes. Dividing 150 C by 1.50 minutes gives us an average current of 1.67 A.

10. ______ is defined as the energy converted from electrical to other forms when one coulomb of electrical charge passes between the two points.

Current

Potential difference between any 2 points

Electromotive force

Resistance

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Explanation

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11. This simplified diagram represents a cyclic movement of water where there is a pump, P, to pump water up to a higher level reservoir. The water flows down to the bottom reservoir, which is then again pumped up.

Now imagine that this can represent an electric circuit. Identify the positive pole of the “battery” in this diagram

The left hand side of the top reservoir

The top part of the pump

The bottom part of the piping where the water flow from the top reservoir to the bottom

The right hand side of the bottom reservoir

The top part of the pump can be identified as the positive pole of the "battery" in this diagram because it is responsible for pumping the water up to a higher level reservoir, which is analogous to the positive terminal of a battery that provides the electrical energy for the circuit.

Explanation

The top part of the pump can be identified as the positive pole of the "battery" in this diagram because it is responsible for pumping the water up to a higher level reservoir, which is analogous to the positive terminal of a battery that provides the electrical energy for the circuit.

12. Which of the flowing constitutes an electric current?
I           A flow of electrons
II         A flow of positive ions
III        A lightning discharge

II only correct.

I and II are correct.

II and III are correct.

I, II and III are correct.

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Explanation

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13. The carriers of a current in a wire are electrons. Each electron carries 1.6 x 10^-19C of charge. The number of electrons per second passing any section of a wire carrying a current of 0.8 A is

3 x 10^18

5 x 10^18

8 x 10^18

8 x 10^19

In order to find the number of electrons passing through a wire per second, we can use the formula: number of electrons = (current * time) / charge of each electron. Given that the current is 0.8 A and the charge of each electron is 1.6 x 10^-19 C, we can plug in these values to calculate the number of electrons passing through the wire per second. The calculation yields 5 x 10^18, which is the correct answer.

Explanation

In order to find the number of electrons passing through a wire per second, we can use the formula: number of electrons = (current * time) / charge of each electron. Given that the current is 0.8 A and the charge of each electron is 1.6 x 10^-19 C, we can plug in these values to calculate the number of electrons passing through the wire per second. The calculation yields 5 x 10^18, which is the correct answer.

14. This simplified diagram represents a cyclic movement of water where there is a pump, P, to pump water up to a higher level reservoir. The water flows down to the bottom reservoir, which is then again pumped up.

Now imagine that this can represent an electric circuit. What is analogous to the water in an electric circuit?

Conventional Current

Electron

Electromotive force

Potential difference

In an electric circuit, the flow of electrons is analogous to the movement of water in a cyclic water system. Just like water flows from the higher level reservoir to the bottom reservoir, electrons flow from a higher potential to a lower potential in an electric circuit. Therefore, the correct answer is "Electron."

Explanation

In an electric circuit, the flow of electrons is analogous to the movement of water in a cyclic water system. Just like water flows from the higher level reservoir to the bottom reservoir, electrons flow from a higher potential to a lower potential in an electric circuit. Therefore, the correct answer is "Electron."

15. This simplified diagram represents a cyclic movement of water where there is a pump, P, to pump water up to a higher level reservoir. The water flows down to the bottom reservoir, which is then again pumped up.

Now imagine that this can represent an electric circuit. Where is the “resistor”?

The pump

The bottom reservoir

The part where the water fall through the pipe

The end of the pipe where the water gushes out into the bottom reservoir

In an electric circuit, the "resistor" is a component that restricts the flow of electric current. In the given diagram, the part where the water falls through the pipe can be compared to a resistor in an electric circuit. Just like a resistor limits the flow of current, the pipe restricts the flow of water as it falls from a higher level to the bottom reservoir. Therefore, the correct answer is the part where the water falls through the pipe.

Explanation

In an electric circuit, the "resistor" is a component that restricts the flow of electric current. In the given diagram, the part where the water falls through the pipe can be compared to a resistor in an electric circuit. Just like a resistor limits the flow of current, the pipe restricts the flow of water as it falls from a higher level to the bottom reservoir. Therefore, the correct answer is the part where the water falls through the pipe.