Cs 2.1 Ch 9.3

The subscapular bursa is not the main bursa of the shoulder joint. The main bursa of the shoulder joint is the subacromial bursa. The subscapular bursa is located between the subscapularis muscle and the neck of the scapula, but it is not considered the main bursa of the shoulder joint.

The radial tuberosity is a bony prominence located on the radius bone in the forearm. It serves as the attachment point for the biceps brachii muscle, which is a muscle responsible for flexing the elbow joint. When the biceps brachii contracts, it pulls on the radial tuberosity, causing the forearm to flex. Therefore, it is true that the radial tuberosity serves as the attachment point for the biceps brachii muscle.

The statement is true because all five superficial muscles in the ventral group of the forearm do indeed have their origin from the common flexor tendon. This means that these muscles share a common point of attachment, which is the common flexor tendon, and this tendon serves as the origin for these muscles.

The supraspinatus tendon is the most frequently injured tendon in the rotator cuff. This is because it passes through a narrow space called the subacromial space, which can become compressed and cause impingement of the tendon. Additionally, the supraspinatus tendon is responsible for initiating the abduction of the arm, which makes it more susceptible to overuse and repetitive strain injuries.

The brachial veins are formed by the union of the ulnar and radial veins in the elbow. They then continue upward and merge with the axillary vein. This statement accurately describes the course and location of the brachial veins, making the answer "True" correct.

The correct answer is Flexor carpi ulnaris. This muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the forearm and is both medial and superficial. It is responsible for flexing the wrist and adducting the hand. The pronator teres is also located in the anterior compartment but is not as medial or superficial. The digitorum profundus is located deeper in the forearm and the pronator quadratus is located in the distal part of the forearm.

The brachial artery courses inferiorly on the medial side of the humerus and continues anterior to the cubital fossa of the elbow. It is the principal arterial supply to the arm, providing oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues of the upper limb. The axillary artery is located in the armpit and gives rise to the brachial artery. The radial and ulnar arteries are branches of the brachial artery and supply the forearm and hand. Therefore, the correct answer is Brachial.

The biceps brachii is the main flexor of the forearm. It is a two-headed muscle located in the upper arm and connects the shoulder to the radius bone in the forearm. When the biceps brachii contracts, it causes flexion of the elbow joint, allowing the forearm to move towards the upper arm. This muscle is responsible for movements like bending the elbow and lifting objects towards the body.

The Subscapularis muscle is located on the anterior surface of the scapula. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and is responsible for internal rotation of the arm. Its location on the front of the scapula allows it to play a key role in stabilizing and rotating the shoulder joint.

The glenoid labrum is a fibrous ring of cartilage that surrounds the glenoid fossa, which is the shallow socket of the shoulder joint. Its primary function is to deepen the glenoid fossa, providing stability and increasing the surface area for the humeral head to articulate with. This helps to prevent dislocation of the shoulder joint and provides a more secure attachment for the surrounding ligaments and tendons.

The correct answer is Anular. The anular ligament is a strong band of fibers that wraps around the head of the radius, holding it in place against the ulna. This ligament allows for smooth rotation of the forearm and helps to stabilize the joint.

The deep transverse metacarpal ligament prevents the separation of the metacarpals. This ligament runs transversely across the metacarpal bones, providing stability and preventing excessive movement between them. It helps to maintain the alignment and integrity of the hand, allowing for proper grip and function.

The flexor retinaculum is a ligamentous structure that spans the wrist and creates an enclosure for the passage of tendons. It forms a tunnel-like structure known as the carpal tunnel, through which the tendons of the flexor muscles of the hand pass. This ligament helps to stabilize the tendons and prevent them from bowstringing or becoming displaced during movement of the wrist and fingers.

The correct answer is the ulnar collateral ligament. The ulnar collateral ligament consists of three bands: an anterior band, a posterior band, and a transverse band, which is also known as the ligament of Cooper. This ligament is located on the inner side of the elbow and helps to stabilize the joint during movements. It is commonly injured in activities that involve repetitive throwing or overhead motions, such as in baseball or tennis.

The cephalic vein continues superiorly as the subclavian vein. The cephalic vein is a large vein that runs along the lateral side of the arm and forearm. It begins in the hand and travels up the arm, eventually joining the axillary vein. The axillary vein then continues superiorly and becomes the subclavian vein. Therefore, the subclavian vein is the correct answer as it is the continuation of the cephalic vein.

The common interosseous artery does not begin at the level of the radial head and does not course beneath the brachioradialis muscle. It actually arises from the ulnar artery and runs between the radius and ulna bones in the forearm. Therefore, the correct answer is False.