Copy Of Gateway B2 Unit 8 Grammar And Vocabulary

Precise predictions of the height and timing of a tsunami can now be sent to areas in danger within minutes of an earthquake happening at sea. This suggests that there is a method or technology in place that allows for the quick transmission of this information to at-risk areas. The use of "be sent" implies that the sending of these predictions is a passive action, indicating that it is not the predictions themselves that are doing the sending, but rather someone or something else.

The correct answer is "to be done" because it matches the verb form used in the sentence "there is still a lot of work...to be done in this field." This phrase indicates that there is more work that needs to be completed in the field, suggesting that it is not yet finished or accomplished. The other options, "can be done" and "doing," do not fit grammatically or contextually with the sentence.

The correct answer is "it is". The sentence is stating that the money invested in developing the technology has been considerable and it is estimated that thousands of lives have been saved because of this. "It is" is used to refer back to the money and the impact it has had.

The correct answer is "develop" because it is the present participle form of the verb "develop" and it fits grammatically in the sentence. The sentence is discussing the ongoing work in the field and the hope for further financial support to advance the necessary technology. Therefore, "develop" is the most appropriate choice to indicate the continuous progress and future development in the field.

When there is a sudden drop in one side of the ocean under the sea, it can result in a tsunami. A tsunami is a powerful and destructive wave that is typically caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. It can travel across the ocean at high speeds and cause significant damage when it reaches the coast.

The given correct answer is "lava." Lava is a molten rock that erupts from volcanoes and flows down the slopes. It contains valuable minerals that can be mined once it cools down. This makes it a valuable resource for mining activities.

A rush of water away from the coastline may be a sign that a wave is coming. This suggests that the correct alternative to complete the email is "wave". The explanation is that waves can cause natural disasters and can occur without warning. Despite the risks, some countries like Iceland and New Zealand utilize geothermal activity caused by waves to generate electricity.

The correct answer is "was shown". The past tense "was shown" is used to describe an event that happened in the past, which is the science programme being discussed.

Barriers set up to protect residents from the rising waters have proved inadequate, leaving many people to complain that not enough money has been spent on flood defences, despite many warnings.

The sentence states that worse is yet to come, with weather forecasters predicting more rain over the next few days. The word "torrential" fits perfectly in this context as it means heavy or intense rainfall. It implies that the rain will be severe and could potentially cause damage or other negative effects.

The given correct answer is "earthquakes". The explanation is that the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean is known for its high volcanic activity and frequent earthquakes. This region experiences intense seismic activity, making it vulnerable to earthquakes. It is stated in the question that almost 90 percent of the world's earthquakes occur in this area, further supporting the answer choice.

Following the unexpected eruption of the Pacific island volcano last Tuesday, more people living close by have been forced to move because of landslides that are threatening to cut off several local towns and villages.

The correct answer is "survivors" because it is the correct form of the word "survive" in the context of the sentence. The sentence is talking about the people who managed to survive the original disaster and are still living in temporary shelters. Therefore, "survivors" is the appropriate word to use in this context. The sentence also mentions that experts will assess the "destroy" in the area, so the word "destroyed" would be the correct form for the second blank.

While some parts of the world haven't seen any rain for several months, causing prolonged droughts in many countries, other places have been badly affected by the opposite problem - floods.

The word "depend on" is the correct alternative to complete the email. This is because the sentence is discussing how many people rely on or count on the jobs and income that tourism provides. The phrase "depend on" accurately conveys this meaning.

Flights are being diverted because of a cloud of volcanic ash that is making it difficult for pilots to navigate in the region.

The answer "was found" is correct because it matches the tense and subject of the sentence. The sentence is in the past tense and the subject is "A headstone marked '1665'," so the verb should also be in the past tense. "Was found" is the correct past tense form of the verb "to find" to match the subject and tense of the sentence.

The correct answer is "be analysed". In the given sentence, the phrase "will provide an opportunity to learn more about the disease" suggests that the remains will undergo some sort of examination or study. The verb "analyse" fits perfectly in this context as it means to examine something in detail. Therefore, the remains will be analysed by experts at the Museum of London archeology to gain more knowledge about the disease.

The correct answer is "was made." This is because the sentence is in the past tense and the subject "discovery" is singular, so the verb should also be singular. "Was made" is the correct past tense form of the verb "make" in this context.

The correct answer is "is spreading." The use of "is spreading" indicates that the forest fire is currently in the process of spreading. The present continuous tense suggests ongoing action, which aligns with the idea of the fire spreading quickly at the moment. "Is spread" would imply that the fire has already spread, which does not match the given context.

Too much rain has caused rivers across Europe to burst their banks, causing widespread damage in many areas. The excessive rainfall has overwhelmed the capacity of the rivers, leading to their banks being breached and water overflowing into surrounding areas. This has resulted in significant destruction to infrastructure, buildings, and property, leading to widespread damage across the affected regions.

The correct answer is "burst" because it is the only word that fits logically in the context of the sentence. When there is too much rain, rivers can overflow and "burst" their banks, causing widespread damage in many areas. The other words, such as "collapse" or "spent," do not accurately describe the action of rivers overflowing due to excessive rainfall.

Hundreds of survivors of the original disaster are still living in temporary shelters and it is expected to be some time before experts will be able to properly assess the destruction in the area.

The sentence contains a tense error. The word "is" should be changed to "was" to match the past tense of "reported." Additionally, the word "yesterday" should be removed as it is unnecessary and redundant. The corrected sentence would be: "The news of the earthquake was reported on the six o'clock news programme."

The correct answer is "have evacuated, have been evacuated" because the sentence is in the present perfect tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continues to the present. "Have evacuated" is used for the people who took the action of leaving their houses, while "have been evacuated" is used for the people who were forced to leave their houses by someone else.

The use of "would be discussed" and "will be discussed" suggests that the topic of needing more money for sea defences is a future event that will take place at the council meeting tomorrow. Both phrases indicate that the discussion is planned or expected to happen.

Construction workers on a major underground railway project in London have uncovered a burial site that is expected to provide important information about the plague or 'Black Death'.

Following the unexpected eruption of the Pacific island volcano last Tuesday, more people living close by have been forced to move because of landslides that are threatening to cut off several local towns and villages.

The given sentence is in the past tense and includes the phrase "appear to," which suggests that the information is based on the observations and findings of archeologists. The use of "have been buried" in the answer indicates that the individuals mentioned in the sentence were buried in the past.

The correct answer is "should arrive, should be arriving." The sentence is referring to the future action of the rescue workers from the UK being sent to help the people look for survivors. "Should arrive" indicates that the workers are expected to reach their destination in the future, while "should be arriving" suggests that their arrival is imminent or in progress. Both verb forms convey the idea of the workers reaching their destination, but with a slight difference in timing.