Choose the letter of the correct answer. Goodluck :-)
COPD is an internationally recognized term used to indicate chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Key feature of COPD is poor reversibility of airflow limitation even after giving bronchodilators.
COPD is more common in young age.
COPD originates in the peripheral airways and in the air spaces of the lungs
Homozygous serum alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Thiazide diuretics
Potassium sparing diuretics
Osmotic diuretics
Spirometery
X-ray chest
Auscultation
Blood Test
Long history of heavy smoking.
Chronic cough with large amount of sputum production.
Breathlessness mainly on exertion, which is gradually increasing.
All of the above
Age
Pre-brochodilator FEV1
Post-brochodilator FEV1
Total lung capacity
FEV1 after bronchodilatation.
Total lung capacity
Diffusion of gases (DLCO)
All of the above
Oedema
Cor pulmonale
Pulmonary hypertension
Any of the above
Beta agonist
Anticholinergic
Corticosteroid
Methylxanthine
Reduces pulmonary artery pressure.
Increases arterial oxygen tension
Increases right ventricular function.
Inhibits central respiratory activity.
Symptoms
Exercise tolerance
Exacerbation rates
All of the above
Acid- base disturbance
Hypoxaemia
Treatment with Theophylline
Treatment with Ipratopium
Salbutamol
Ipratopium
Theophylline
Budesonide
Treatment with Ipratopium
Oral
Inhalation
Injectible
Sublingual
3 hours/day
5 hours/day
10 hours/day
15 hours/day
90%
75%
50%
25%
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