Class 5 Social Studies Final Term Quiz – Last Chance Prep

Johannes Gutenberg is associated with the invention of the printing press. The printing press revolutionized the way information was disseminated by allowing for the mass production of books and other printed materials. Gutenberg's invention, which used movable type, made it faster, easier, and more affordable to produce books, leading to a significant increase in literacy rates and the spread of knowledge. The printing press played a crucial role in the development of the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution, making Gutenberg's invention one of the most important in human history.

UNICEF, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, was indeed awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1965. This prestigious recognition was given to UNICEF for its significant efforts in improving the lives of children worldwide and promoting peace through its humanitarian work. The organization has been actively involved in providing aid, healthcare, education, and protection to children in need, especially in areas affected by conflict and crisis. The Nobel Prize for peace acknowledges UNICEF's vital role in advocating for children's rights and contributing to the overall well-being and peace of societies.

Alessandro Volta is credited with inventing the first battery cell. In 1800, he created the "Voltaic Pile," a device that produced a continuous flow of electricity. This pile consisted of alternating layers of zinc and copper discs, separated by cardboard soaked in saltwater. The chemical reactions between the metals and the electrolyte created an electric current. Volta's invention laid the foundation for modern batteries and revolutionized the field of electricity.

India joined the UN on 30 October 1945. This date marks India's entry as a member state of the United Nations, which is an international organization aimed at promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations. By becoming a member, India gained a platform to actively participate in global discussions and decision-making processes. This step further solidified India's commitment to international diplomacy and its desire to contribute to the global community.

The statement "India opposed the accumulation of arms by countries of the world" is true. This means that India is against the stockpiling or gathering of weapons by any nation. India's stance on this issue may be influenced by its commitment to peace, non-violence, and disarmament. By opposing the accumulation of arms, India may be advocating for global disarmament and the reduction of military tensions among nations.

India is a founding member of the United Nations (UN) and joined the organization on October 30, 1945. As one of the largest democracies and a prominent global player, India actively participates in UN activities and contributes to various peacekeeping missions. Therefore, the statement that India never joined the UN is false.

Copper is considered the first metal to be discovered because it was one of the first metals to be used by humans. It has been found in archaeological sites dating back over 10,000 years, making it one of the earliest metals to be utilized by ancient civilizations. Copper was valued for its ability to be easily molded and shaped, as well as its conductivity and durability. Its discovery and use marked a significant advancement in human technology and played a crucial role in the development of early civilizations.

The given statement says "Today the Nam has 10 members." However, it does not provide any context or information about who or what "Nam" is. Therefore, it is impossible to determine the accuracy of the statement or whether it is true or false. Without further information, we cannot confirm the number of members in Nam.

The statement "The IMF gives financial support to our country" is true. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that provides financial assistance and support to member countries facing economic difficulties. This support can come in the form of loans or grants to help countries stabilize their economies, manage balance of payments issues, and implement necessary reforms. Therefore, if the statement mentions that the IMF provides financial support to our country, it is correct.

The United Nations has six official languages, namely Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. These languages are used for official documents, meetings, and conferences within the organization. Having multiple official languages helps promote equality and inclusivity among member states and ensures effective communication and understanding among different cultures and nations.

After the second world war, the USA and USSR became the two most powerful countries of the world. This is because the war had greatly weakened other major powers such as Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The USA and USSR emerged as superpowers due to their military strength, economic resources, and political influence. The USSR, also known as the Soviet Union, had a vast territory, a large population, and a powerful army. Additionally, it had a strong centralized government and was engaged in an arms race with the USA, which further solidified its position as a global power.

The NAM, or Non-Aligned Movement, was established to save the world from political and military rivalry. This organization sought to promote peace, independence, and neutrality among its member countries, which were not aligned with any major power blocs during the Cold War. By advocating for non-alignment, the NAM aimed to prevent the world from being dragged into conflicts and power struggles between the superpowers, thus ensuring global stability and security.

The given correct answer is "President". Franklin D. Roosevelt was the xxxii President of the United States of America. This title refers to the highest political office in the country, indicating that Roosevelt held the position of President during his time in office.

The UN was formed after the second world war because the devastation caused by the war highlighted the need for a global organization that could promote peace, prevent future conflicts, and address global issues. The first world war had also led to the formation of the League of Nations, but it was largely ineffective in preventing another devastating war. Therefore, after the second world war, world leaders recognized the importance of establishing a more robust and inclusive organization like the United Nations to maintain international peace and security.

The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) has played a crucial role in transforming the desert region of Rajasthan into a fertile area. Through various agricultural and land management techniques, the FAO has implemented sustainable practices such as water harvesting, soil conservation, and afforestation. These efforts have helped to improve the soil quality, increase water availability, and promote the growth of vegetation in the region. As a result, the once barren desert has been transformed into a productive and fertile area, allowing for increased agricultural productivity and improved livelihoods for the local population.

The symbol of the UN is a world map surrounded by two olive branches. The olive branches symbolize peace, which is one of the main objectives of the United Nations. The use of two olive branches may represent the idea of peace between nations or the cooperation and unity of member states in achieving global peace and stability.

The term "permanent" refers to the members of the security council who have the power of veto. This means that these members, which include China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, have the ability to block or veto any resolution put forward by the council, regardless of the majority opinion. This power is granted to them due to their status as the most influential and powerful countries in the world.

Alessandro Volta, an Italian scientist, is credited with inventing the first battery cell. He developed the Voltaic pile in 1800, which was the first device capable of producing a continuous flow of electrical current. This invention laid the foundation for modern batteries and revolutionized the field of electricity.

Wind energy is indeed used for sailing boats. Sailing boats rely on the power of the wind to propel them forward. By harnessing the wind's energy with sails, boats can move without the need for fuel or an engine. This makes sailing a sustainable and environmentally friendly method of transportation. Therefore, the statement is true.

Benjamin Franklin is widely credited with discovering and understanding the nature of electricity. Through his famous kite experiment in 1752, he proved that lightning is a form of electricity. Franklin's work laid the foundation for further scientific advancements in the field of electricity and its practical applications. Therefore, the statement "The Electricity was invented by Benjamin Franklin" is true.

The age of metals began with the discovery of copper. Copper was one of the first metals to be discovered and utilized by humans. Its malleability, durability, and ability to conduct heat and electricity made it a valuable material for tools, weapons, and decorative objects. The discovery and use of copper marked a significant advancement in human civilization, leading to the development of metalworking techniques and the subsequent exploration and utilization of other metals.

Bronze is a harder material compared to copper. This means that bronze has a higher level of resistance to deformation or scratching than copper. The hardness of a material is determined by its composition, structure, and any additional treatments or alloys. In the case of bronze, it is typically made by combining copper with other metals such as tin or aluminum, which increases its hardness. Therefore, when comparing bronze and copper, bronze is considered to be harder.

During the period of industrial revolution, machines played a crucial role in transforming various industries and revolutionizing the way goods were produced. The use of machines, such as steam engines and textile machinery, led to increased productivity, mass production, and the mechanization of various processes. Therefore, it is fitting to term this period as the "machine age" because of the significant impact and reliance on machines in driving industrialization and economic growth.

The invention of the steam engine was a significant milestone in history that paved the way for countless future inventions. Its introduction revolutionized transportation, industry, and manufacturing processes, leading to the development of trains, steamships, and factories. The steam engine's ability to harness the power of steam and convert it into mechanical work opened up new possibilities for human progress and innovation. It laid the foundation for the Industrial Revolution and played a crucial role in shaping the modern world.

Ashoka is considered the most popular ruler of the Mauryan Empire due to his significant contributions and achievements. He is known for his conversion to Buddhism after the brutal Kalinga War, which led to his commitment to non-violence and promotion of peace. Ashoka's reign was marked by numerous social, cultural, and economic reforms, including the establishment of a well-organized administrative system and the spread of Buddhism throughout his empire and beyond. His legacy as a compassionate and just ruler, as well as his efforts to promote moral values and welfare, have made him widely revered and admired.

Akbar, the Mughal emperor, introduced a religion called Din Ae Ilahi. He was known for his religious tolerance and desire to create a unified faith that would promote harmony among his diverse subjects. Din Ae Ilahi was a syncretic religion that drew inspiration from various existing religions, including Islam, Hinduism, Christianity, and Jainism. However, it failed to gain widespread acceptance and did not survive beyond Akbar's reign.

The correct answer is "Anno Domini" which is a Latin term that translates to "in the year of our Lord." It is commonly used to refer to the years after the birth of Jesus Christ.

Shivaji was a famous Maratha leader known for his strong leadership and military skills. He established the Maratha Empire in the 17th century and is considered as one of the greatest warriors in Indian history. Shivaji's administration was known for its efficient governance and innovative military strategies. He fought against the Mughal Empire and other rival kingdoms to protect the interests of the Marathas. Shivaji's legacy as a courageous and visionary leader continues to inspire people even today.

Ashoka The Great adopted Buddhism. Ashoka was an emperor of the Maurya Dynasty in ancient India. After witnessing the violence and devastation caused by his conquest of Kalinga, he experienced a change of heart and converted to Buddhism. He became a devout follower of the religion and worked towards spreading its teachings throughout his empire. Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism had a significant impact on the spread and development of the religion, making him a pivotal figure in its history.

The given statement is true because history is indeed the story of the past. It involves the study and interpretation of past events, actions, and experiences of human beings and societies. Through history, we gain knowledge and understanding of how civilizations, cultures, and societies have evolved over time. It helps us learn from the mistakes and achievements of our ancestors and provides insights into the development of various aspects of human life such as politics, economics, technology, and social structures.

Prithviraj Chauhan was known as the most powerful king of the Rajput dynasty. The Rajputs were a warrior caste in ancient India, known for their bravery and military prowess. Prithviraj Chauhan's reign was marked by his valiant efforts to defend his kingdom against foreign invasions, making him a prominent figure in Rajput history. Thus, the correct answer is "rajput."

Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were two ancient cities located in the Indus Valley civilization. They were both situated on the banks of the river Indus, but Harappa was located on the left bank while Mohenjo-Daro was on the right bank. The Ravi River is another important river in the region, but it is not directly associated with the sites of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Therefore, the correct answer is Ravi.

Akbar made Fatehpur Sikri the capital of his empire.

Iltutmish was succeeded by his daughter Razia.

Shivaji was the most successful Maratha ruler because he established the Maratha Empire and implemented various administrative and military reforms. He effectively used guerrilla warfare tactics to resist Mughal expansion and successfully captured numerous forts and territories. Shivaji also promoted Hindu culture and revived traditional practices, which garnered him immense support from the local population. His efficient governance and military strategies laid the foundation for the Maratha Empire's growth and prominence in India.

Vasco da Gama is the correct answer because he was a Portuguese explorer who successfully discovered a new sea route to India via the Cape of Good Hope. In 1497-1498, da Gama led an expedition that sailed around the southern tip of Africa, opening up a direct trade route between Europe and Asia. This discovery was significant as it allowed for easier access to the lucrative spice trade in India, bypassing the dangerous and expensive land routes previously used. Da Gama's successful voyage established Portugal as a major maritime power and had a lasting impact on global trade and exploration.

The first world war broke out in 1914.

In the past, India was known as the "Golden Bird" because it was one of the wealthiest countries in the world. The term "Golden Bird" symbolizes the prosperity and abundance that India possessed during ancient times. India was renowned for its rich resources, thriving trade, and opulent kingdoms, attracting traders and invaders from various parts of the world. The country's wealth and cultural heritage made it a coveted destination for explorers and conquerors, further solidifying its reputation as the "Golden Bird."

The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757. This battle was a significant event in Indian history as it marked the beginning of British rule in India. It was fought between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah. The British emerged victorious in this battle, which gave them control over Bengal and eventually paved the way for their dominance in the Indian subcontinent.

Lord Dalhousie introduced the doctrine of lapse. The doctrine of lapse was a policy implemented by the British East India Company in India during the mid-19th century. According to this policy, if a ruler of an Indian princely state died without a male heir, the state would be annexed by the British. Lord Dalhousie, who served as the Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856, was a strong advocate of this policy and used it to annex several states, thereby expanding British control in India.

The statement is incorrect. Vasco De Gama did not land in Mumbai in 1498. He actually landed in Calicut, which is now known as Kozhikode, in the state of Kerala, India.

The statement is true because Tilak's newspaper Kesari was indeed very critical of the British. Tilak was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and used his newspaper as a platform to voice his opposition against British rule in India. Kesari played a significant role in mobilizing public opinion and advocating for self-rule, making it a thorn in the side of the British colonial administration.

Kalidasa was not the court poet of Emperor Akbar. Kalidasa was a renowned poet and playwright in ancient India, known for his works such as "Shakuntala" and "Meghaduta". Emperor Akbar was a Mughal emperor who ruled in the 16th century, while Kalidasa lived during the 4th and 5th centuries. Therefore, the statement in the question is incorrect.

UNESCO was founded in 1945. This was the year when the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was established. It was created with the aim of promoting international collaboration in the fields of education, science, culture, and communication. The organization works towards fostering peace, sustainable development, and intercultural dialogue through various programs and initiatives.

The World Health Organization (WHO) works to improve the health of people around the world. As a specialized agency of the United Nations, WHO is responsible for international public health. It provides leadership and coordination on global health matters, sets norms and standards, and provides technical support to countries. WHO works to prevent and control diseases, promotes health and well-being, and strengthens health systems. Through its efforts, WHO aims to ensure that all people can enjoy the highest possible level of health.

India strongly condemned apartheid in South Africa. Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the South African government from 1948 to 1994. India, being a strong advocate for human rights and equality, stood firmly against this oppressive system and expressed its disapproval through various means, including diplomatic channels, international forums, and support for the anti-apartheid movement. India's condemnation of apartheid in South Africa was in line with its own struggle against colonialism and discrimination, making it a natural ally in the fight against racial injustice.

The crude steam engine was designed by Thomas Savery.

Fa-Hien was a Chinese Buddhist monk who traveled to India during the Gupta dynasty. He embarked on a journey in search of Buddhist scriptures and relics, and his travels lasted for over a decade. Fa-Hien documented his experiences and observations in his book "Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms," which provides valuable insights into the social, cultural, and religious aspects of ancient India. His writings have been instrumental in understanding the Gupta period and the spread of Buddhism in India.

Shah Jahan built the old city of Delhi, known as Shahjahanabad. This city was constructed in the 17th century and served as the capital of the Mughal Empire. Shahjahanabad is famous for its architectural marvels, including the Red Fort and Jama Masjid. The city was designed with wide streets, grand buildings, and beautiful gardens. It became a center of trade and culture, attracting merchants and artisans from all over India. Shahjahanabad remained the capital of the Mughal Empire until the British shifted the capital to New Delhi in the 20th century.

Subhash Chandra Bose is credited with raising the slogan "Jai Hind". He was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement and a strong advocate for complete independence from British rule. Bose believed in the power of nationalistic slogans to unite the Indian people and inspire them in their fight for freedom. "Jai Hind" became a rallying cry for the Indian National Army, which Bose formed to fight against the British during World War II. Bose's slogan continues to be a symbol of patriotism and national pride in India.

Subhash Chandra Bose organized the Indian National Army. Bose was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement and believed in armed resistance against British rule. He formed the Indian National Army (INA) in 1942 with the aim of liberating India from British control. The INA consisted of Indian prisoners of war and civilians in Southeast Asia. Bose played a crucial role in mobilizing and leading the INA, which fought alongside the Japanese forces during World War II. His leadership and determination made him a significant figure in India's struggle for independence.

The Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928.

The late 19th century is often referred to as the age of Renaissance because during this time, there was a significant cultural, artistic, and intellectual revival. Many advancements and innovations in various fields such as literature, art, science, and technology took place during this period. This period witnessed a renewed interest in classical knowledge and a shift towards modernism. The term "Renaissance" is used to describe this period of rebirth and revival, making the statement true.

The non cooperation movement was indeed a non violent protest movement. It was a significant movement led by Mahatma Gandhi during the Indian independence struggle against British rule. The movement aimed to resist British authority through nonviolent means such as boycotting British goods, institutions, and government services. It encouraged Indians to withdraw their support and cooperation from the British administration. The movement gained widespread support and played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses and raising awareness about India's struggle for independence.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known for his efforts in social and religious reform in 19th century India. He founded the Brahmo Samaj, a religious movement that aimed to promote monotheism and eradicate social evils such as sati and child marriage. The Brahmo Samaj played a significant role in the Indian Renaissance and laid the foundation for the modernization of Indian society.

Swami Vivekananda is the correct answer because he was the founder of the Ramakrishna Mission. The Ramakrishna Mission is a Hindu religious organization that aims to promote the teachings of Sri Ramakrishna and his disciple Swami Vivekananda. Swami Vivekananda played a crucial role in spreading the philosophy of Vedanta and Hinduism to the Western world. He established the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 as a means to carry out social service and spiritual upliftment. Through his teachings and the mission he founded, Swami Vivekananda continues to inspire and impact countless individuals around the world.

Rabindranath Tagore returned the knighthood bestowed upon him by the British in 1915 as a form of protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. The massacre, which took place in 1919, was a brutal incident where British troops opened fire on a crowd of unarmed Indian protesters, resulting in hundreds of deaths. Tagore, a renowned poet and writer, returned his knighthood as a symbolic act to express his outrage and condemnation of British colonial rule in India. This action demonstrated his commitment to the Indian independence movement and his refusal to be associated with the British Empire.

In 1930, Gandhiji led a movement known as the Salt March or Salt Satyagraha, where he encouraged Indians to produce salt without paying the tax imposed by the British colonial government. This movement was a significant act of civil disobedience against the oppressive British rule, as salt was an essential commodity used by every Indian household. By producing salt themselves, Indians were asserting their independence and challenging the unjust taxation policies of the British. The Salt March played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses and gaining support for the Indian independence movement.

The statement is false because there are actually 6 official languages of the United Nations, not 10. These languages are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.

The correct answer is The Indus valley civilization. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were two of the largest cities of the Indus Valley civilization, which existed around 2600 to 1900 BCE in what is now modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. These cities were well-planned and had advanced systems of urban infrastructure, indicating a highly organized and sophisticated civilization. The Indus Valley civilization is known for its impressive architectural structures, advanced trade networks, and a script that is yet to be fully deciphered.

The statement "Ashoka The Great was a great warrior" is true because Ashoka was an emperor of the Maurya Dynasty in ancient India who successfully expanded his empire through military conquests. He was known for his military strategies and skills, leading his army to numerous victories. Ashoka's military achievements and his reputation as a warrior are well-documented in historical records and have been widely recognized by historians.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the father of Indian Renaissance because he was a prominent social reformer and intellectual who played a crucial role in the socio-cultural awakening of India during the 19th century. He advocated for various reforms such as the abolition of Sati, promotion of women's education, and the eradication of social evils. His efforts towards modernization and progress in India laid the foundation for the Indian Renaissance, which aimed to bring about social, cultural, and intellectual reforms in the country.

Nicholas Louis Robert is the correct answer because he is credited with inventing the machine for making continuous ruled paper. This invention revolutionized the paper-making industry by allowing for the mass production of paper with continuous lines, making it easier for people to write and keep their writing neat and organized. Johannes Gutenberg is known for inventing the printing press, Louis Braille for developing the Braille system for the visually impaired, and the Mesopotamians for their contributions to early writing systems.

Hieroglyphics was indeed a pictorial script with more than 2000 symbols. This ancient writing system was used by the ancient Egyptians to record their language and communicate through written form. The symbols used in hieroglyphics represented objects, sounds, or ideas, and they were often arranged in rows or columns. The complexity of the script and the large number of symbols made it a challenging system to learn and decipher. However, it was an integral part of Egyptian culture and played a significant role in their civilization.

The United Nations (UN) favors disarmament because it believes that reducing the number of weapons in the world can contribute to global peace and security. The UN promotes disarmament through various initiatives, including treaties and agreements, and encourages member states to work towards reducing their military capabilities. By advocating for disarmament, the UN aims to prevent conflicts, reduce the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation, and promote peaceful resolutions to disputes. This aligns with the organization's core principles of maintaining international peace and security.

This statement is false. India has been a member of the United Nations since its inception in 1945 and has actively supported the principles and aims of the organization. India has consistently advocated for multilateralism, peacekeeping, and the promotion of global cooperation through the UN. India has also contributed significantly to UN peacekeeping missions and has been actively involved in various UN bodies and initiatives. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that India has never supported the principles and aims of the UN.

Babur established the Mughal empire in India. He was a Central Asian conqueror who descended from both Genghis Khan and Timur. After facing numerous challenges, Babur finally succeeded in establishing the Mughal empire in 1526 by defeating Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the Battle of Panipat. Babur's victory marked the beginning of the Mughal dynasty in India, which would go on to rule for more than three centuries and leave a lasting impact on Indian history and culture.

The statement is false because Cyrus and Darius were not Maratha Kings. The Marathas were a dynasty that ruled over a region in India from the 17th to the 19th century. Cyrus and Darius, on the other hand, were ancient Persian kings who lived much earlier in history. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that they were Maratha Kings.

Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese sailor, discovered the sea route to India in 1498. This is historically significant because it opened up a direct trade route between Europe and India, bypassing the land routes that were controlled by the Ottoman Empire. Da Gama's discovery greatly expanded European trade and colonization in the East Indies, leading to the establishment of Portuguese colonies and a shift in global trade dynamics.

The Muslim League was not formed under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Jinnah. It was actually formed in 1906 in Dhaka, British India, with the aim of protecting the rights and interests of Muslims in India. At that time, Jinnah was not involved in politics and joined the Muslim League later on. It was only in the 1940s that Jinnah emerged as the prominent leader of the Muslim League and played a crucial role in the demand for the creation of Pakistan.

Banphool is considered to be the first poem written by Rabindranath Tagore. It was published in 1875 when Tagore was just 14 years old. This poem marked the beginning of his illustrious career as a poet and writer. Jana-Gana-Mana is the national anthem of India, while Gitanjali is a collection of poems for which Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Therefore, neither Jana-Gana-Mana nor Gitanjali can be considered as Tagore's first poem.

The statement "The Arabs did not adopt Indian numerals" is false. The Arabs actually did adopt Indian numerals, which are now known as Arabic numerals. These numerals, including the numbers 0-9, were introduced to the Arab world by Indian mathematicians during the Islamic Golden Age. The Arabs recognized the efficiency and simplicity of these numerals and incorporated them into their own mathematical and scientific practices. Eventually, these numerals spread throughout Europe and became the standard numerical system that is used worldwide today.

Bronze is an alloy composed primarily of copper and tin. It is a strong and durable material that has been used for centuries in various applications, including tools, weapons, and decorative objects. The addition of tin to copper improves its strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. This combination of properties makes bronze a versatile material that can be easily cast, molded, and shaped into different forms.

George Stephenson is known as the father of the railway industrial revolution because of his significant contributions to the development of the modern railway system. He designed and built the first successful steam locomotive, the "Rocket," which was used on the first public railway line. Stephenson's innovations and expertise revolutionized transportation, leading to the rapid expansion of railways worldwide and transforming the industrial landscape. His pioneering work laid the foundation for the modern railway industry and played a crucial role in the industrial revolution.

The statement contradicts the teachings and philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi was a strong advocate for non-violence and preached its importance as a means of achieving social and political change. He believed in peaceful resistance and passive resistance as powerful tools for bringing about social justice. Therefore, the statement that Gandhi taught the importance and strength of violence is false.

Sarojini Naidu was a prominent Indian political activist and poet who actively participated in the Indian independence movement. She played a crucial role in the civil disobedience movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. Naidu joined the movement to protest against the British colonial rule and to advocate for India's freedom. Her involvement in various protests and her strong leadership made her an influential figure in the fight for independence. Therefore, the statement "Sarojini Naidu joined the civil disobedience movement" is true.

The statement that the Simon Commission had three Indian members is false. The Simon Commission, also known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was a group of seven British politicians who were sent to India in 1928 to assess the constitutional reforms. None of the members of the commission were Indian. The commission's recommendations were met with strong opposition in India, as it did not include any Indian representatives. This led to widespread protests and demands for greater Indian participation in the decision-making process.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) primarily focuses on labor issues and promoting decent work for all. While the ILO does have programs and initiatives that aim to improve the lives of children, its main objective is not specifically centered on the betterment of children. Therefore, the statement that the ILO works for the betterment of children is false.

The correct answer is False. The International Court of Justice is located in The Hague, Netherlands, not Geneva, Switzerland. The court is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and settles legal disputes between countries.

The statement is false because the NAM (Non-Aligned Movement) was actually founded in September 1961, not April 1965. The NAM is a group of countries that are not aligned with any major power bloc and seek to maintain their independence and neutrality in international relations.

The main objective of the WHO (World Health Organization) is to achieve health for all. This means that the organization aims to ensure that every individual, regardless of their socioeconomic background or geographic location, has access to quality healthcare services and is able to attain the highest possible level of health. By working towards this objective, the WHO strives to reduce health inequalities and promote the well-being of people worldwide. Therefore, the statement "Health for all is the main objective of the WHO" is true.

The statement is false because the history of India does not begin with the Vedic period. The history of India dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization, which existed around 2500 BCE. The Vedic period came later, around 1500 BCE, and is considered a significant part of ancient Indian history. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Lord Curzon divided Bengal into two parts in 1905. This division was known as the Partition of Bengal and was done for administrative purposes. The decision was met with widespread protests and opposition from the Indian National Congress and other nationalist groups, as it was seen as a deliberate attempt to weaken the growing nationalist movement in Bengal. The partition was eventually revoked in 1911, but it had a lasting impact on the political landscape of India and played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.

Gandhiji opposed the Rowlatt Act because it granted the British government in India the power to imprison individuals without trial and curtailed civil liberties. He saw this act as a violation of basic human rights and launched the Non-Cooperation Movement against it. Through nonviolent protests and civil disobedience, Gandhiji mobilized the Indian masses to resist the Rowlatt Act and demand its repeal. His opposition to the act was a significant step in the Indian independence movement and demonstrated his commitment to nonviolent resistance.

The statement is false because Rudolf Diesel actually invented the first high-speed compression-ignition engine, which is commonly known as the diesel engine. Diesel engines run on diesel fuel, not petrol, making the statement incorrect.

A renewable resource does not get exhausted because it can be replenished or replaced naturally over time. Renewable resources, such as solar energy, wind power, and biomass, are continuously available and can be used without depleting the source. These resources are sustainable and can be used indefinitely if managed properly. Therefore, the statement that a renewable resource gets exhausted is false.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati is the founder of Arya Samaj. Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement that aims to promote the principles of truth and righteousness as stated in the Vedas. Swami Dayanand Saraswati believed in the importance of Vedic teachings and sought to revive the ancient Vedic traditions and values. He founded Arya Samaj in 1875 in Bombay, India, with the goal of promoting social and religious reforms, such as the abolition of caste system, promotion of education, and women's rights. Swami Dayanand Saraswati's teachings and the establishment of Arya Samaj had a significant impact on the Hindu society and its reform movements.

The subsidiary Alliance was introduced by Lord Richard Wellesley.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati is the founder of Arya Samaj. He established this Hindu reform movement in 1875, aiming to promote the principles of Vedic religion and to counter the social and religious injustices prevailing in society at that time. Swami Dayanand Saraswati believed in the authority of the Vedas and advocated for the eradication of practices like idol worship, caste discrimination, child marriage, and untouchability. He emphasized the importance of education, women's rights, and social equality. Through his teachings and efforts, Swami Dayanand Saraswati played a significant role in the revival of Hinduism and the promotion of social reform in India.

The civil disobedience movement was held from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930. This movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi as a form of protest against the British colonial rule in India. During this period, Indians were encouraged to refuse to cooperate with the British government through acts of nonviolent resistance, such as boycotting British goods, participating in peaceful protests, and engaging in acts of civil disobedience. The movement played a significant role in India's struggle for independence and brought attention to the injustices of British rule.

The Security Council is the body of the United Nations that has members with veto power. The veto power allows the five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) to block any resolution or decision that they disagree with. This power was granted to these countries to ensure that major global decisions cannot be made without their consent, thus giving them significant influence and control over international affairs.

Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru is credited with coining the term "non-aligned." As the first Prime Minister of India, Nehru played a crucial role in the formation of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) during the Cold War era. He advocated for a policy of non-alignment, which meant that countries should not align themselves with any of the major power blocs (such as NATO or the Warsaw Pact). Nehru believed that this approach would allow countries to maintain their independence and sovereignty, and promote peace and cooperation among nations. His contribution to the concept of non-alignment makes him the appropriate answer to the question.

Ms. Vijayalakshmi Pandit was the first woman president of the UN General Assembly. She served as the president from 1953 to 1954. Pandit was an Indian diplomat and politician, and she played a significant role in promoting women's rights and gender equality during her tenure. Her election as the president of the UN General Assembly marked a historic moment for women's representation and leadership in international organizations.

Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru is the correct answer because he is the one who coined the term "non-aligned." As the first Prime Minister of India, Nehru played a crucial role in the formation of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) during the Cold War era. He advocated for a policy of non-alignment, which meant that India would not align itself with any major power blocs and would maintain its independence in international affairs. Nehru's efforts in promoting non-alignment and his influential role in the NAM led to him being credited with coining the term.