Child Development Practice Exm Chpt 2-4

75 Questions | By Aeria_j | Last updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Total Attempts: 119

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Child Development Practice Exm Chpt 2-4 - Quiz

A practice exam for the book Infants and Children by Laura E. Berk. Covers Chapter 2-4.

Questions and Answers

1.

Humans share most of their DNA with:
- A.
  
  Bacteria
- B.
  
  Pigs
- C.
  
  Primates
- D.
  
  Reptiles
2.

Between 1958 and the present, the percentage of North American couples that bear children declined from 78 percent to
- A.
  
  62%
- B.
  
  65%
- C.
  
  70%
- D.
  
  74%
3.

During Stage 1 of childbirth, the uterine contractions begin
- A.
  
  2 to 3 minutes apart.
- B.
  
  7 to 8 minutes apart.
- C.
  
  10 to 20 minutes apart.
- D.
  
  30 to 40 minutes apart.
4.

The essential function of meiosis is to
- A.
  
  Ensure that each generation receives a constant quantity of genetic material.
- B.
  
  Stimulate the production of zygotes.
- C.
  
  Prevent damaged genes from crossing over to the next generation.
- D.
  
  Regulate the process of mitosis.
5.

Of the following factors, which is a cause of declining family size in industrialized nations?
- A.
  
  Earlier marriage.
- B.
  
  Marital instability
- C.
  
  Sexual abstinence
- D.
  
  Governmental policy.
6.

During Stage 2 of childbirth, the mother
- A.
  
  Feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles.
- B.
  
  Pushes out the placenta.
- C.
  
  Has contractions 8 to 10 minutes apart.
- D.
  
  Transitions as her cervix opens completely.
7.

Gametes that form in females carry
- A.
  
  Either an X or a Y chromosome.
- B.
  
  Only short chromosomes.
- C.
  
  An X chromosome.
- D.
  
  All the genetic material the human organism needs.
8.

According to the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, in general, the larger the family, the lower the mental test scores of the all the siblings, because
- A.
  
  Mothers who are low in intelligence tend to give birth to more children.
- B.
  
  The parents of such families are more likely to divorce.
- C.
  
  Mothers tend to be too busy to foster their children’s education.
- D.
  
  The homes of large families tend to be full of noise and other distractions.
9.

The combination of small body and large head means that the infant
- A.
  
  Received too little oxygen during the birthing process.
- B.
  
  Has a well-developed brain that enables quick learning in the first few months.
- C.
  
  Bruised the mother’s cervix.
- D.
  
  Produced the proper amount of cortisol.
10.

The frequency of identical twins is
- A.
  
  Much higher in industrialized nations.
- B.
  
  Slightly lower in Asia than elsewhere.
- C.
  
  The same around the world.
- D.
  
  Steadily rising in North America.
11.

Male reproductive capacity gradually declines after age
- A.
  
  15
- B.
  
  20
- C.
  
  25
- D.
  
  30
12.

The Apgar scale measures which of the following signs?
- A.
  
  Mental alertness and hand-eye coordination
- B.
  
  The speed with which the infant begins nursing
- C.
  
  Breathing, blinking, and kicking
- D.
  
  Heart rate, respiratory effort, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and color
13.

The example of PKU illustrates the fact that
- A.
  
  Conditions once thought to be due to dominant-recessive inheritance actually result from multiple genes.
- B.
  
  Heterozygous individuals are not always carriers of recessive traits.
- C.
  
  Hair color and facial features are reasonably accurate predictors of inherited disabilities.
- D.
  
  Inherited recessive disorders do not always lead to untreatable conditions.
14.

The largest cell in the human body is the
- A.
  
  Fallopian tube.
- B.
  
  Ovum.
- C.
  
  Zygote.
- D.
  
  Sperm.
15.

The purpose of the natural childbirth movement that arose during the 1950s and 1960s was to
- A.
  
  Make hospital birth as comfortable and rewarding as possible.
- B.
  
  Introduce European-style freestanding birth centers to North America.
- C.
  
  Remove doctors entirely from the birthing experience.
- D.
  
  Persuade women to have their babies at home.
16.

The sickle cell carrier rate is believed to be higher in Canada than in the United States because
- A.
  
  The risk of malaria is slightly higher in Canada.
- B.
  
  More African Canadians are recent immigrants than African Americans.
- C.
  
  Incomplete dominance patterns are more common throughout the entire Canadian population
- D.
  
  More African Canadians live at higher altitudes than African Americans.
17.

Most conceptions result from intercourse
- A.
  
  Within 6 hours before or after ovulation.
- B.
  
  During the week of ovulation.
- C.
  
  On the day of or during the 2 days preceding ovulation.
- D.
  
  During the 2 hours before or after ovulation.
18.

Research indicates that mothers who are supported during labor
- A.
  
  Are more likely to have an episiotomy.
- B.
  
  Prefer lying flat on their backs with their feet in stirrups.
- C.
  
  Are less likely to have cesarean births.
- D.
  
  Tend to be more nervous and, therefore, experience more birth complications.
19.

The concept of genetic imprinting helps to explain why
- A.
  
  Children inherit certain parent-specific diseases.
- B.
  
  The rate of sickle cell anemia is rising among North Americans of European descent.
- C.
  
  Females are more likely to suffer the effects of X-linked inheritance.
- D.
  
  Fragile X syndrome results in 2 to 3 percent of autism cases.
20.

During the period of the zygote, implantation occurs when the
- A.
  
  Blastocyst burrows into the uterine lining.
- B.
  
  Sperm penetrates and fertilizes the ovum.
- C.
  
  Trophoblast forms the chorion.
- D.
  
  Amnion encloses the developing organism.
21.

Most chromosomal defects result from
- A.
  
  Radiation.
- B.
  
  Mistakes during meiosis.
- C.
  
  Somatic mutation.
- D.
  
  Prader-Willi syndrome.
22.

Adding or subtracting from the usual number of X chromosomes results in
- A.
  
  Down syndrome.
- B.
  
  Facial abnormalities.
- C.
  
  Incomplete dominance.
- D.
  
  Particular intellectual deficits.
23.

Candidates for genetic counseling typically are
- A.
  
  Women who have had three or more pregnancies.
- B.
  
  Men with XYY syndrome.
- C.
  
  Women of advanced maternal age.
- D.
  
  Individuals with Down syndrome.
24.

The overall success rate of in vitro fertilization is 30 percent, but
- A.
  
  It often requires more ova than most women produce.
- B.
  
  Success declines steadily with age.
- C.
  
  That rate is far lower when the man has fertility problems.
- D.
  
  It can increase the risk of X-linked disease.
25.

More people in North America and Western Europe are adopting from other countries because
- A.
  
  The availability of healthy babies in those regions has declined.
- B.
  
  Adoptable children in their own countries are often past infancy.
- C.
  
  Adopted children tend to have fewer learning and emotional difficulties.
- D.
  
  They can select children like themselves in personality and background.