Child Development Practice Exm Chpt 2-4
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A practice exam for the book Infants and Children by Laura E. Berk. Covers Chapter 2-4.
- 1.Humans share most of their DNA with:
- A.
Bacteria
- B.
Pigs
- C.
Primates
- D.
Reptiles
- 2.Between 1958 and the present, the percentage of North American couples that bear children declined from 78 percent to
- A.
62%
- B.
65%
- C.
70%
- D.
74%
- 3.During Stage 1 of childbirth, the uterine contractions begin
- A.
2 to 3 minutes apart.
- B.
7 to 8 minutes apart.
- C.
10 to 20 minutes apart.
- D.
30 to 40 minutes apart.
- 4.The essential function of meiosis is to
- A.
Ensure that each generation receives a constant quantity of genetic material.
- B.
Stimulate the production of zygotes.
- C.
Prevent damaged genes from crossing over to the next generation.
- D.
Regulate the process of mitosis.
- 5.Of the following factors, which is a cause of declining family size in industrialized nations?
- A.
Earlier marriage.
- B.
Marital instability
- C.
Sexual abstinence
- D.
Governmental policy.
- 6.During Stage 2 of childbirth, the mother
- A.
Feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles.
- B.
Pushes out the placenta.
- C.
Has contractions 8 to 10 minutes apart.
- D.
Transitions as her cervix opens completely.
- 7.Gametes that form in females carry
- A.
Either an X or a Y chromosome.
- B.
Only short chromosomes.
- C.
An X chromosome.
- D.
All the genetic material the human organism needs.
- 8.According to the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, in general, the larger the family, the lower the mental test scores of the all the siblings, because
- A.
Mothers who are low in intelligence tend to give birth to more children.
- B.
The parents of such families are more likely to divorce.
- C.
Mothers tend to be too busy to foster their children’s education.
- D.
The homes of large families tend to be full of noise and other distractions.
- 9.The combination of small body and large head means that the infant
- A.
Received too little oxygen during the birthing process.
- B.
Has a well-developed brain that enables quick learning in the first few months.
- C.
Bruised the mother’s cervix.
- D.
Produced the proper amount of cortisol.
- 10.The frequency of identical twins is
- A.
Much higher in industrialized nations.
- B.
Slightly lower in Asia than elsewhere.
- C.
The same around the world.
- D.
Steadily rising in North America.
- 11.Male reproductive capacity gradually declines after age
- A.
15
- B.
20
- C.
25
- D.
30
- 12.The Apgar scale measures which of the following signs?
- A.
Mental alertness and hand-eye coordination
- B.
The speed with which the infant begins nursing
- C.
Breathing, blinking, and kicking
- D.
Heart rate, respiratory effort, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and color
- 13.The example of PKU illustrates the fact that
- A.
Conditions once thought to be due to dominant-recessive inheritance actually result from multiple genes.
- B.
Heterozygous individuals are not always carriers of recessive traits.
- C.
Hair color and facial features are reasonably accurate predictors of inherited disabilities.
- D.
Inherited recessive disorders do not always lead to untreatable conditions.
- 14.The largest cell in the human body is the
- A.
Fallopian tube.
- B.
Ovum.
- C.
Zygote.
- D.
Sperm.
- 15.The purpose of the natural childbirth movement that arose during the 1950s and 1960s was to
- A.
Make hospital birth as comfortable and rewarding as possible.
- B.
Introduce European-style freestanding birth centers to North America.
- C.
Remove doctors entirely from the birthing experience.
- D.
Persuade women to have their babies at home.
- 16.The sickle cell carrier rate is believed to be higher in Canada than in the United States because
- A.
The risk of malaria is slightly higher in Canada.
- B.
More African Canadians are recent immigrants than African Americans.
- C.
Incomplete dominance patterns are more common throughout the entire Canadian population
- D.
More African Canadians live at higher altitudes than African Americans.
- 17.Most conceptions result from intercourse
- A.
Within 6 hours before or after ovulation.
- B.
During the week of ovulation.
- C.
On the day of or during the 2 days preceding ovulation.
- D.
During the 2 hours before or after ovulation.
- 18.Research indicates that mothers who are supported during labor
- A.
Are more likely to have an episiotomy.
- B.
Prefer lying flat on their backs with their feet in stirrups.
- C.
Are less likely to have cesarean births.
- D.
Tend to be more nervous and, therefore, experience more birth complications.
- 19.The concept of genetic imprinting helps to explain why
- A.
Children inherit certain parent-specific diseases.
- B.
The rate of sickle cell anemia is rising among North Americans of European descent.
- C.
Females are more likely to suffer the effects of X-linked inheritance.
- D.
Fragile X syndrome results in 2 to 3 percent of autism cases.
- 20.During the period of the zygote, implantation occurs when the
- A.
Blastocyst burrows into the uterine lining.
- B.
Sperm penetrates and fertilizes the ovum.
- C.
Trophoblast forms the chorion.
- D.
Amnion encloses the developing organism.
- 21.Most chromosomal defects result from
- A.
Radiation.
- B.
Mistakes during meiosis.
- C.
Somatic mutation.
- D.
Prader-Willi syndrome.
- 22.Adding or subtracting from the usual number of X chromosomes results in
- A.
Down syndrome.
- B.
Facial abnormalities.
- C.
Incomplete dominance.
- D.
Particular intellectual deficits.
- 23.Candidates for genetic counseling typically are
- A.
Women who have had three or more pregnancies.
- B.
Men with XYY syndrome.
- C.
Women of advanced maternal age.
- D.
Individuals with Down syndrome.
- 24.The overall success rate of in vitro fertilization is 30 percent, but
- A.
It often requires more ova than most women produce.
- B.
Success declines steadily with age.
- C.
That rate is far lower when the man has fertility problems.
- D.
It can increase the risk of X-linked disease.
- 25.More people in North America and Western Europe are adopting from other countries because
- A.
The availability of healthy babies in those regions has declined.
- B.
Adoptable children in their own countries are often past infancy.
- C.
Adopted children tend to have fewer learning and emotional difficulties.
- D.
They can select children like themselves in personality and background.
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