Writing Chemical Formulas And Naming Compounds Quiz

Metals tend to give away electrons during ionic bonding because they have fewer valence electrons and a lower electronegativity. This allows them to easily lose electrons and form positive ions. On the other hand, nonmetals tend to accept electrons during ionic bonding because they have more valence electrons and a higher electronegativity. This enables them to gain electrons and form negative ions. Therefore, the statement that metals give away electrons and nonmetals accept electrons during ionic bonding is true.

The name "magnesium phosphate" is the correct answer because Mg3(PO4)2 is a chemical formula that represents a compound containing magnesium (Mg) and phosphate (PO4^2-) ions. In this compound, there are three magnesium ions (3Mg²⁺) and two phosphate ions (PO4) present. Therefore, the name "magnesium phosphate" accurately describes the composition of this compound.

The formula for carbon disulfide is CS2. In this compound, there is one carbon atom bonded to two sulfur atoms. The subscript 2 indicates that there are two sulfur atoms present in the molecule.

The chemical formula for sulfur hexafluoride is SF₆. In this compound, sulfur (S) forms a covalent bond with six fluorine (F) atoms, resulting in the molecular formula SF₆.

The valence number for Al is +3. The valence number for S is -2. Therefore 2 aluminum ions are needed in the formula and 3 sulfur ions are needed in the formula.

The correct answer is tin(II) phosphate because Sn3(PO4)2 is a chemical formula that represents a compound made up of tin (Sn²⁺) and phosphate (PO4³⁺) ions. The compound is named using the rules of chemical nomenclature, where the cation (tin) is named first, followed by the anion (phosphate). The Roman numeral II in parentheses following Sn indicates that the Sn cations have a 2+ charge. Hence, the name "tin phosphate" accurately represents the composition of the compound.

Ionic compounds do not require the use of prefixes to indicate the number of each kind of atom. In ionic compounds, the atoms combine in fixed ratios determined by their charges, so the number of each kind of atom is already indicated by the formula. On the other hand, covalent compounds, which are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms, require the use of prefixes to indicate the number of each kind of atom in the molecule.

NH4ClO3 is the chemical formula for ammonium chlorate. It is composed of one ammonium ion (NH4+) and one chlorate ion (ClO3-). The name "ammonium chlorate" accurately represents the composition of the compound, with "ammonium" referring to the ammonium ion and "chlorate" referring to the chlorate ion.

AlCl3 is the chemical formula for aluminum chloride. It is composed of one aluminum ion and three chlorine ions. Aluminum chloride is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. It is commonly used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions and as an ingredient in antiperspirants. The name "aluminum chloride" accurately describes the compound's composition, consisting of aluminum and chlorine elements.

The chemical formula for iron(III) sulfate is Fe2(SO4)3. In this compound, there are two iron atoms (Fe) and three sulfate ions (SO4). The Roman numeral III in parentheses after iron indicates that the iron ion has a +3 charge. The sulfate ion (SO4) has a -2 charge, so three sulfate ions are needed to balance the charge of two iron ions. Therefore, the correct formula is Fe2(SO4)3.

Calcium phosphate is composed of calcium ions (Ca2+) and phosphate ions (PO43-). The chemical formula Ca3(PO4)2 indicates that there are three calcium ions and two phosphate ions in the compound. The subscript numbers indicate the number of each ion present in the compound.

Tin oxide comes in two common forms based on tin's oxidation states: Tin(II) oxide (SnO) and Tin(IV) oxide (SnO₂). SnO forms when tin has a +2 charge, while SnO₂ forms with a +4 charge. These compounds are used in various applications, including ceramics and glassmaking. SnO₂, also known as stannic oxide, is more stable and widely used, especially in coatings and as a catalyst.

 The valence number for NH4 is +1. The valence number for PO4 is -3, so 3 ammonium ions are needed to balance the charge of the phosphate ion.

The correct name for P2O5 is diphosphorus pentoxide. This is because the compound consists of two phosphorus atoms (di- meaning two) and five oxygen atoms (penta- meaning five) in a covalently bonded compound composed of nonmetals. The name is written as a single word without spaces or hyphens.

The correct name for the compound Cl2O7 is dichlorine heptoxide. Chlorine and oxygen are both nonmetals, indicating that this is a covalently bonded molecule. The prefix "di-" indicates that there are two chlorine atoms, and the prefix "hept-" indicates that there are seven oxygen atoms. The suffix "-oxide" indicates that the compound contains oxygen. Therefore, the name "dichlorine heptoxide" accurately describes the composition of the compound.