Chapter 25 Quiz Consolidation Of Latin America

1. The agreement following the Mexican-American War in which Mexico ceded about one half of its territory to the United States was the Treaty of

San Antonio.

Atchison-Juarez.

Guadalupe-Hidalgo.

The Rio Grande.

The correct answer is Guadalupe-Hidalgo. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo was signed in 1848 and marked the end of the Mexican-American War. Under this treaty, Mexico ceded a vast amount of territory, including present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma, to the United States. The treaty also established the Rio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and Texas.

Explanation

The correct answer is Guadalupe-Hidalgo. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo was signed in 1848 and marked the end of the Mexican-American War. Under this treaty, Mexico ceded a vast amount of territory, including present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma, to the United States. The treaty also established the Rio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and Texas.

2. The leader of the slave independence movement on the island of St. Domingue was

Bernardino Rivadavia

Father Miguel de Hidalgo

Simon Bolivar

Toussanit L'Overture

Toussaint L'Ouverture was the leader of the slave independence movement on the island of St. Domingue. He played a crucial role in the Haitian Revolution, which ultimately led to the abolition of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first independent black republic. L'Ouverture was a skilled military strategist and a charismatic leader who united the enslaved population and fought against French colonial rule. His leadership and determination were instrumental in the success of the revolution and the eventual liberation of the slaves in St. Domingue.

Explanation

Toussaint L'Ouverture was the leader of the slave independence movement on the island of St. Domingue. He played a crucial role in the Haitian Revolution, which ultimately led to the abolition of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first independent black republic. L'Ouverture was a skilled military strategist and a charismatic leader who united the enslaved population and fought against French colonial rule. His leadership and determination were instrumental in the success of the revolution and the eventual liberation of the slaves in St. Domingue.

3. For whom in Latin America did the independence of Haiti serve as a symbol of freedom and hope?

The creole elite

The Spanish

The slaves

Mestizos

The independence of Haiti served as a symbol of freedom and hope for the slaves in Latin America. Haiti was the first successful slave revolt in the Americas, and its independence from France in 1804 inspired enslaved Africans and Afro-descendants throughout the region. The Haitian Revolution demonstrated that it was possible for enslaved people to overthrow their oppressors and establish their own independent nation, giving hope to those who were still living in bondage. The slaves saw Haiti as a beacon of freedom and a testament to their own potential for liberation.

Explanation

The independence of Haiti served as a symbol of freedom and hope for the slaves in Latin America. Haiti was the first successful slave revolt in the Americas, and its independence from France in 1804 inspired enslaved Africans and Afro-descendants throughout the region. The Haitian Revolution demonstrated that it was possible for enslaved people to overthrow their oppressors and establish their own independent nation, giving hope to those who were still living in bondage. The slaves saw Haiti as a beacon of freedom and a testament to their own potential for liberation.

4. In what way was the experience of the Napoleonic wars different for Portugal than for Spain?

Portugal was allied with the French emperor.

The French attempted to invade Portugal, but failed.

The entire royal family fled from the French to Brazil and established their capital there.

Following the defeat of the Portuguese, the French took over the colonial administration of Brazil.

During the Napoleonic wars, Portugal's experience differed from Spain in terms of the royal family's response to the French invasion. While Spain faced direct French occupation and resistance, Portugal's entire royal family fled to Brazil, establishing their capital there. This decision allowed the Portuguese monarchy to continue functioning and maintain control over their colonial territories, including Brazil. This divergence in response contributed to Portugal's unique experience during the Napoleonic wars compared to Spain.

Explanation

During the Napoleonic wars, Portugal's experience differed from Spain in terms of the royal family's response to the French invasion. While Spain faced direct French occupation and resistance, Portugal's entire royal family fled to Brazil, establishing their capital there. This decision allowed the Portuguese monarchy to continue functioning and maintain control over their colonial territories, including Brazil. This divergence in response contributed to Portugal's unique experience during the Napoleonic wars compared to Spain.

5. The United States expressed its attitudes toward Latin American independence in 1823 with the issuance of the

Articles of Confederation.

Southwest Ordinance.

Canning Treaty.

Monroe Doctine.

The correct answer is the Monroe Doctrine. In 1823, the United States declared its attitudes towards Latin American independence through the Monroe Doctrine. This policy stated that any European interference or colonization in the Americas would be viewed as a threat to the United States. It aimed to protect the newly independent countries in Latin America from European intervention and to establish the United States as the dominant power in the region. The Monroe Doctrine had a significant impact on US foreign policy and set the stage for future US involvement in Latin America.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Monroe Doctrine. In 1823, the United States declared its attitudes towards Latin American independence through the Monroe Doctrine. This policy stated that any European interference or colonization in the Americas would be viewed as a threat to the United States. It aimed to protect the newly independent countries in Latin America from European intervention and to establish the United States as the dominant power in the region. The Monroe Doctrine had a significant impact on US foreign policy and set the stage for future US involvement in Latin America.

6. Which of the following statements concerning the status of women in post-independence Latin America is most accurate?

After gaining independence, women in post-independence Latin America did not experience significant progress and there was minimal change in societal attitudes towards their proper role. This suggests that the status of women remained largely unchanged and they were not able to achieve significant advancements or reforms in terms of their rights and opportunities.

Explanation

After gaining independence, women in post-independence Latin America did not experience significant progress and there was minimal change in societal attitudes towards their proper role. This suggests that the status of women remained largely unchanged and they were not able to achieve significant advancements or reforms in terms of their rights and opportunities.

7. What events in 19th-century Europe precipitated the movements of independence in Latin America?

The forced abdication of the royal family of Spain during the Napoleonic wars

The conquest of the Mughal empire by the Portuguese

Spain's loss of colonial territories to the British during the War of Jenkin's Ear

The Seven Years War and its aftermath

During the Napoleonic wars, the forced abdication of the royal family of Spain had a significant impact on the movements of independence in Latin America. With the Spanish monarchy weakened, the colonies saw an opportunity to break free from Spanish rule. The absence of a strong central authority allowed for the rise of independence movements throughout Latin America, as people sought to establish their own governments and assert their autonomy. This event served as a catalyst for the movements of independence that ultimately led to the liberation of many Latin American countries from Spanish colonial rule.

Explanation

During the Napoleonic wars, the forced abdication of the royal family of Spain had a significant impact on the movements of independence in Latin America. With the Spanish monarchy weakened, the colonies saw an opportunity to break free from Spanish rule. The absence of a strong central authority allowed for the rise of independence movements throughout Latin America, as people sought to establish their own governments and assert their autonomy. This event served as a catalyst for the movements of independence that ultimately led to the liberation of many Latin American countries from Spanish colonial rule.

8. Simon Bolivar was responsible for the independence movement in

Argentina

Mexico

Northern South America

Guatemala

Simon Bolivar was responsible for the independence movement in northern South America. He played a crucial role in the liberation of several countries, including Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Bolivar's military victories and political leadership were instrumental in overthrowing Spanish colonial rule and establishing independent nations in the region. His vision of a united South America, known as Gran Colombia, ultimately did not materialize, but his efforts were pivotal in shaping the history and politics of northern South America.

Explanation

Simon Bolivar was responsible for the independence movement in northern South America. He played a crucial role in the liberation of several countries, including Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Bolivar's military victories and political leadership were instrumental in overthrowing Spanish colonial rule and establishing independent nations in the region. His vision of a united South America, known as Gran Colombia, ultimately did not materialize, but his efforts were pivotal in shaping the history and politics of northern South America.

9. The person responsible for the independence movements in Argentina and Chile was

Manuel de Rosas.

Bernardino Rivdavia.

Simon Bolivar.

Jose de San Martin.

Jose de San Martin is the correct answer because he played a crucial role in leading the independence movements in Argentina and Chile. He was a military leader and statesman who fought against Spanish rule in South America. San Martin is known for his strategic military campaigns, such as the crossing of the Andes, which resulted in the liberation of Chile from Spanish control. He also played a significant role in the liberation of Argentina and Peru. San Martin's leadership and military successes were instrumental in achieving independence for these countries.

Explanation

Jose de San Martin is the correct answer because he played a crucial role in leading the independence movements in Argentina and Chile. He was a military leader and statesman who fought against Spanish rule in South America. San Martin is known for his strategic military campaigns, such as the crossing of the Andes, which resulted in the liberation of Chile from Spanish control. He also played a significant role in the liberation of Argentina and Peru. San Martin's leadership and military successes were instrumental in achieving independence for these countries.

10. The Spanish-American War which broke out in 1898 centered on

Mexico

Brazil

Cuba

Haiti

The correct answer is Cuba because the Spanish-American War was primarily fought between the United States and Spain over the issue of Cuban independence. Cuba had been a colony of Spain for many years, and the war was sparked by the explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor, which was blamed on Spain. The United States supported the Cuban rebels in their fight for independence, and ultimately gained control over Cuba, as well as the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, after defeating Spain.

Explanation

The correct answer is Cuba because the Spanish-American War was primarily fought between the United States and Spain over the issue of Cuban independence. Cuba had been a colony of Spain for many years, and the war was sparked by the explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor, which was blamed on Spain. The United States supported the Cuban rebels in their fight for independence, and ultimately gained control over Cuba, as well as the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, after defeating Spain.

11. Which of the following statements concerning Argentina between 1880 and 1920 is most accurate?

The centralist government became increasingly repressive and actually reduced the number of eligible voters.

Rio de Janeiro held over 2 million inhabitants, or about one quarter of Argentina's total population.

The immigration of European laborers to Argentina during the period between 1880 and 1920 resulted in an increasingly radical work force. This influx of immigrants also contributed to the development of a Socialist Party by the 1890s. The arrival of European laborers brought with them their political ideologies and activism, which influenced the local workforce and led to the formation of a socialist political party. This statement accurately describes the impact of immigration on the labor force and political landscape of Argentina during this time period.

Explanation

The immigration of European laborers to Argentina during the period between 1880 and 1920 resulted in an increasingly radical work force. This influx of immigrants also contributed to the development of a Socialist Party by the 1890s. The arrival of European laborers brought with them their political ideologies and activism, which influenced the local workforce and led to the formation of a socialist political party. This statement accurately describes the impact of immigration on the labor force and political landscape of Argentina during this time period.

12. Which of the following statements concerning the political organization of Latin America to 1850 is most accurate?

Most of Latin America was divided up into consolidated units that mirrored the colonial vice royalties.

The excellent colonial road system enabled the creation of larger states after independence.

Permanent consolidation and union was more typical of Central America and southern South America than elsewhere.

Most attempts at consolidation and union had failed.

Most attempts at consolidation and union had failed in Latin America to 1850. This suggests that the region struggled to establish a cohesive political organization, with various attempts at consolidation and union being unsuccessful. This could be due to factors such as regional differences, conflicts of interest, and challenges in creating a unified government structure. Overall, the statement highlights the difficulties faced in achieving political unity in Latin America during this time period.

Explanation

Most attempts at consolidation and union had failed in Latin America to 1850. This suggests that the region struggled to establish a cohesive political organization, with various attempts at consolidation and union being unsuccessful. This could be due to factors such as regional differences, conflicts of interest, and challenges in creating a unified government structure. Overall, the statement highlights the difficulties faced in achieving political unity in Latin America during this time period.