A Short Quiz On The History Of East Asia!

John Hay proposed the Open Door policy for China. The Open Door policy was a diplomatic initiative that aimed to ensure equal trading opportunities for all countries in China and prevent the colonization or partitioning of China by foreign powers. John Hay, who served as the United States Secretary of State from 1898 to 1905, advocated for this policy in a series of diplomatic notes known as the Open Door Notes. These notes called for open access to China's markets and the maintenance of China's territorial and administrative integrity.

The policy of self-strengthening called for China to adopt Western technology while retaining their Confucian values and institutions. This approach aimed to modernize China by incorporating Western advancements in areas such as industry, military, and infrastructure, while simultaneously preserving their traditional cultural and social structures. The self-strengthening movement was a response to the growing influence and dominance of Western powers, as China sought to regain its strength and autonomy in the face of external pressures.

Hong Xiuquan, leader of the Tai Ping Rebellion, believed himself to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ. This belief stemmed from his religious experiences and visions, which led him to interpret himself as a divine figure with a mission to establish a heavenly kingdom on earth. This messianic self-perception played a significant role in shaping his leadership and the ideology of the rebellion.

General Yuan Shikai agreed to serve as president of a new Chinese republic after the collapse of the Qing dynasty. He was a prominent military and political leader who played a crucial role during the transition period. Yuan Shikai was chosen as the first president of the Republic of China in 1912, and his presidency marked the end of the imperial era and the beginning of a new political system in China.

The correct answer is "Boxers" because the Boxers were a secret society in China during the late 19th century. They were known for their opposition to foreign influence and their desire to restore Chinese power and traditions. Their slogan, "Destroy the Foreigner," reflects their hostility towards foreigners and their goal of driving them out of China. The Boxers were involved in the Boxer Rebellion, a violent uprising against foreign powers and Chinese Christians, which ultimately ended in defeat.

The correct answer is the humiliating defeat of Russia. The 1904 war between Russia and Japan ended with Russia's defeat, which was a significant blow to their military power and reputation. This defeat led to the loss of Russian control over Korea and also resulted in a decrease in respect for Russia on the global stage. The war did not directly result in an increase in Japanese immigration to the U.S.

As a result of the Treaty of Nanjing, Britain was given the island of Hong Kong, among other concessions. The Treaty of Nanjing was signed in 1842 after the First Opium War between Britain and China. It marked the end of the war and established several terms that heavily favored the British. One of the key concessions was the ceding of Hong Kong to Britain, which became a British colony until its handover to China in 1997. The treaty also opened several Chinese ports to British trade, granted extraterritorial rights to British citizens, and imposed heavy indemnities on China.

Ci Xi is the correct answer because she was a powerful empress dowager during the late Qing Dynasty in China. She opposed Guang Xu's reform efforts and imprisoned him, effectively ending his attempts to modernize and reform China. Ci Xi was known for her conservative views and desire to maintain traditional Chinese values and power structures, which clashed with Guang Xu's progressive ideas.

Under the reign of the young emperor Mutsuhito, Japan underwent a political transformation known as the Meiji Restoration. This period marked a significant shift in Japan's political and social structure, as it aimed to modernize and westernize the country. The Meiji government implemented various reforms, including the abolition of the feudal system, the establishment of a centralized government, the adoption of a constitution, and the promotion of industrialization. These changes helped Japan to strengthen its economy, modernize its military, and become a major world power.

After the Meiji government seized their lands, the Daimyo, who were feudal lords in Japan, governed prefectures. The Meiji government implemented a series of reforms to centralize power and modernize Japan, and one of these reforms was the creation of prefectures. The Daimyo, who previously ruled over their own territories, were now appointed as governors of these newly established prefectures. This allowed the Meiji government to maintain some level of control and stability while also incorporating the Daimyo into the new political structure.

The Mieji education system included universal education, instruction in technology, and an American-style structure. However, it did not include Japanese-only teaching staffs. This means that the teaching staffs in the Mieji education system were not exclusively Japanese, suggesting that there may have been foreign teachers or teachers from different cultural backgrounds.

In the Treaty of Tianjin after the second Opium War, China agreed to legalize trade in opium. This decision was a result of China's defeat in the war and the pressure imposed by Western powers, particularly Britain, who sought to protect their lucrative opium trade with China. By legalizing the trade, China hoped to regulate and control the opium market, which had been thriving illegally. This decision had significant social, economic, and political consequences for China, leading to widespread opium addiction and further weakening of the Qing Dynasty's authority.

Japan's victory in the war with Russia stunned the world and forced them to recognize Japan as one of the great powers.

The Qing dynasty was weakened by war with Japan, disputes with Russia, and warlord independence. However, a changing value system did not directly contribute to the weakening of the dynasty. This means that societal shifts and changes in beliefs and values did not play a significant role in undermining the Qing dynasty's power and authority.

The coming of Westerners did not affect the Chinese economy by building a large middle class. While the other options - introducing modern means of transportation, creating an export market, and integrating the Chinese market into the world economy - all had a significant impact on the Chinese economy, building a large middle class was not directly influenced by the arrival of Westerners.