Chapter 21 Online Study Guide
Remember the Paschal Honor Code! Do not give or receive answers.
You will have 45 minutes and 1 attempt. (14 questions)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Read the first page of this chapter. The Love Canal has made an appearnce on several AP Tests in the past. Basically th OxyChem company dumped all their waste in this canal and then covered it up with a layer of clay and soil. Well it didn't work very well in containing the toxic chemicals. What year did Oxychem agree to pay a 98 million dollar settlement to New York State?
- A.
1942
- B.
1994
- C.
1977
- D.
1978
- E.
1953
Correct Answer
B. 1994Explanation
In 1994, OxyChem agreed to pay a 98 million dollar settlement to New York State. The Love Canal, where OxyChem dumped their waste, became a notorious case due to the failure of the clay and soil cover to contain the toxic chemicals. This event has been mentioned in previous AP Tests, highlighting the significance and impact of the Love Canal incident.Rate this question:
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- 2.
From 21-1. Municipal Solid Waste is what most of think of when we think of Garbage. The majority of Solid waste is actually from large mining industries that produce the metals that we take for granted - such as aluminum and copper. Approximately how much Municipal Solid Waste are you expected to produce in 2012?
- A.
5,000 lbs
- B.
3,200 lbs
- C.
1,600 lbs
- D.
1 ton
Correct Answer
C. 1,600 lbs -
- 3.
What happens to the garbage you put out on the street each week in your garbage bins? What percentage of MSW is burned in incinerators? (this it the question for the points - not the one above)
- A.
10%
- B.
50%
- C.
75%
- D.
16%
- E.
< 1%
Correct Answer
D. 16%Explanation
Approximately 16% of municipal solid waste (MSW) is burned in incinerators. Incineration is a waste management method that involves the combustion of waste materials at high temperatures, converting them into ash, gas, and heat. This process can help reduce the volume of waste and generate energy through the heat produced. However, incineration also has environmental concerns, such as air pollution and the release of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is important to consider alternative waste management methods, such as recycling and composting, to minimize the amount of waste sent to incinerators.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Read the Case Study on page 520. Near Butte Montana there is tons and tons of solid waste. Most of this waste is from copper mines. What percentage (by weight) of the copper ore is actually copper?
- A.
.3 %
- B.
5%
- C.
9%
- D.
15%
Correct Answer
A. .3 %Explanation
The given answer of .3% is correct because the case study mentions that most of the solid waste near Butte, Montana is from copper mines. This waste is composed of copper ore, and the question asks for the percentage of copper in the ore. Therefore, the correct answer is .3%.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Read 21-2. The city of __________, Australia, has a goal of achieving no waste by 2010 (did they do it?).
- A.
Perth
- B.
Melbourne
- C.
Sydney
- D.
Canberra
Correct Answer
D. CanberraExplanation
The correct answer is Canberra. Canberra is the capital city of Australia and it is known for its sustainability initiatives. It is possible that the city had set a goal of achieving no waste by 2010, as many cities around the world have been striving for zero waste goals. However, without further information, it cannot be determined if Canberra actually achieved this goal.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Read 21-3. This idea of industrial ecology is critical to sustainable society. The idea is similar to real food webs in natural ecosystems - where the waste of one is the starting material for another. Everything is connected and dependent on each other. Which of the following countries has a city that is a prototype of this type of industrial ecosystem?
- A.
Texas
- B.
FIJI
- C.
Germany
- D.
Denmark
- E.
Greenland
Correct Answer
D. DenmarkExplanation
Denmark has a city that is a prototype of this type of industrial ecosystem. The concept of industrial ecology, which is essential for a sustainable society, is based on the idea that waste from one industry can be used as a resource for another industry. This concept is similar to the interconnectedness and dependency seen in real food webs in natural ecosystems. Denmark has implemented this idea in the city of Kalundborg, where multiple industries exchange waste products and by-products to create a closed-loop system, minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency.Rate this question:
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- 7.
From 21-3. What do chauffagistes do?
- A.
Provide electricity
- B.
Provid heat
- C.
Provide water
- D.
Provide lighting
Correct Answer
B. Provid heatExplanation
Chauffagistes are professionals who specialize in heating systems. They are responsible for installing, maintaining, and repairing heating systems in buildings. Their main task is to provide heat to ensure a comfortable and warm environment. They may work with various types of heating systems such as boilers, radiators, or underfloor heating. Providing heat is their primary job, and they play a crucial role in ensuring that buildings have proper heating during cold seasons.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Read 21-4 and 21-5. This is a two part question. First of all which country has led the way in reuse by banning all beverage containers that cannot be reused. Secondly Which type of recycling would be exemplified by an aluminum can being melted down and reused to build another aluminum can?
- A.
Denmark; Primary recyling
- B.
Denmark: secondary recycling
- C.
Germany; Primary recycling
- D.
Germany; secondary recycling
Correct Answer
A. Denmark; Primary recylingExplanation
Denmark has led the way in reuse by banning all beverage containers that cannot be reused. This means that Denmark has taken strict measures to ensure that all beverage containers are designed for reuse rather than being single-use items. Primary recycling refers to the process of converting waste materials into new products of the same type, and in this case, an aluminum can being melted down and reused to build another aluminum can exemplifies primary recycling.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Recycling paper invovles removing its ink, _______, and coating and reconverting it to pulp that is pressed again into new paper.
- A.
Glue
- B.
Bleach
- C.
Chemicals
- D.
Toxins
Correct Answer
A. GlueExplanation
Recycling paper involves removing its ink, chemicals, and coating and reconverting it to pulp that is pressed again into new paper. Glue is not mentioned in the sentence, so it is not involved in the process of recycling paper. Therefore, glue is not the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Bioremediation is an important tool to deal with hazardous waste. Which of the following a hazardous material that doesn't really work with bioremediation (biormediation doesn't help)?
- A.
Toxic metals
- B.
PCB's
- C.
Organic solvents
- D.
Diesel fuel
- E.
Gasoline
Correct Answer
A. Toxic metalsExplanation
Bioremediation is a process that uses living organisms or their byproducts to break down or remove pollutants from contaminated environments. However, toxic metals, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic, cannot be effectively remediated using bioremediation techniques. This is because these metals are not biodegradable and cannot be broken down by living organisms. Therefore, bioremediation does not work for toxic metals.Rate this question:
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- 11.
You need to understand how a sanitary land fill works!!! Not only do they need to be sealed so that nothing leaks out, but when it rains they collect water which needs to be pumped to a treatment system before it can be released into the environment. What is this contaminated liquid called? The second part to this question is: what layer is actually in contact with the garbage?
- A.
Effluent; clay
- B.
Leachate; sand
- C.
Sludge; subsoil
- D.
Slime; synthetic liner
Correct Answer
B. Leachate; sandExplanation
Leachate is the correct answer for the first part of the question. Leachate refers to the contaminated liquid that is generated when water percolates through the waste in a landfill and picks up various pollutants. It needs to be pumped to a treatment system before being released into the environment.
For the second part of the question, the correct answer is sand. The layer that is actually in contact with the garbage in a landfill is typically a layer of sand. This layer helps to provide stability and support to the waste, as well as facilitate the movement and collection of leachate.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the past the United States would simply ship our waste to other countries. Often times these countries were extremely poor. In 1989, countreist met and drew up the ________ Convention on Hazardous Waste. It requires exporters to get approval from the recipient nation before a shipment of hazardous wastes can be sent bud did not ban trade in such wastes. Seems like common sense - but people do a lot of things that don't make sense for .
- A.
Montreal
- B.
Basel
- C.
Kyoto
- D.
CITES
Correct Answer
B. BaselExplanation
In 1989, countries met and drew up the Basel Convention on Hazardous Waste. This convention requires exporters to obtain approval from the recipient nation before shipping hazardous wastes. However, it does not ban trade in such wastes. The correct answer is Basel.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Read 21-9 and 21-10. Which of the following would be an example of a Brownfield?
- A.
Abandoned junkyard
- B.
Abandoned park
- C.
A forest after a hurricane
- D.
A forest after a fire
Correct Answer
A. Abandoned junkyardExplanation
A brownfield refers to a previously developed site that is no longer in use and may be contaminated, making it difficult to redevelop. An abandoned junkyard fits this definition as it is a previously developed site that is no longer in use and may contain hazardous waste or pollutants.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Read the Guest Essay on page 526. Answer the critical thinking with at least 4 sentences.
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