Chapter 15 Online Study Guide
You should read the chapter before you begin the quiz! This chapter is very important for the AP Test, please read it!
Remember the Paschal Honor Code: Do not give or receive answers.
You have 45 minutes and one attempt.
- 1.
Read 15-10. Understanding the politics behind alternative energy is very important. As the presidential elections approach energy is often brought up in debates and commericials. Which of the following is a current political attitude towards energy.
- A.
The input approach, taxing each unit of energy produced at the beginning of the energy pipline
- B.
Decreased fossil fuel use through more alternative energies
- C.
Giving tax breaks to the insanely rich oil and gas industries
- D.
Removing tax breaks for the insanely rich oil and gas industries
Correct Answer
C. Giving tax breaks to the insanely rich oil and gas industriesExplanation
The current political attitude towards energy is giving tax breaks to the insanely rich oil and gas industries. This suggests that the government is providing financial incentives to support and promote these industries, potentially to encourage their growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Read 15-9 Decentralization of power is essential to the evolution of energy in the United States. This shift from centralized macropower to dispersed micropower is analogous to the computer industry's shift from large, centralized mainframes to increasingly smaller, widely dispersed PCs, laptops, and handheld computers. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of micropower systems
- A.
Easily financed
- B.
Can use locally available renewable energy resources
- C.
Easy to repair
- D.
Increase in CO2 emissions.
Correct Answer
D. Increase in CO2 emissions.Explanation
Micropower systems have several advantages, including being easily financed, being able to use locally available renewable energy resources, and being easy to repair. However, one disadvantage of micropower systems is that they do not lead to an increase in CO2 emissions. In fact, micropower systems typically have lower carbon footprints compared to centralized macropower systems, as they often rely on renewable energy sources that produce fewer or no CO2 emissions.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Read 15-8. Geothermal has enormous potential as an energy source. Which of the following locations heats every building by hot spring water?
- A.
San Francisco
- B.
Kamath Falls, Oregon
- C.
Boise, Idaho
- D.
Iceland
Correct Answer
D. IcelandExplanation
Iceland is the correct answer because it is known for its abundant geothermal energy resources. The country has a high number of hot springs and geothermal areas, which are used to heat buildings and generate electricity. Iceland's geothermal energy is harnessed through the use of hot spring water, making it an ideal location for heating buildings.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Read 15-7 Hydrogen fuel cells have been around for over 100 years. As we run out of oil (or when what's left costs too much to use), hydrogen gas will be the fuel of the future. When hydrogen gas burns in air, it combines with oxygen gas in the air and produces nonpolluting water vapor. Which of the following is NOT a method for producing hydrogen?
- A.
Photoelectrolysis, in which direct electriacl current is passed through water to convert its molecules into gaseous hydrogen and oxygen
- B.
Biomasss gasification, in which wood chips and agricultural wastes are superheated to turn them into hydrogen and other gases
- C.
Thermolysis, in which high temperatures (up to 3000 C) are used to split water molecules into H2 and O2.
- D.
Reforming, in which chemical processes are used to separate hydrogen from carbon atoms in organic compounds such as methane or methanol
Correct Answer
A. Photoelectrolysis, in which direct electriacl current is passed through water to convert its molecules into gaseous hydrogen and oxygenExplanation
The question asks for the method that is NOT used for producing hydrogen. The correct answer is "Photoelectrolysis, in which direct electrical current is passed through water to convert its molecules into gaseous hydrogen and oxygen." This method actually is used for producing hydrogen by splitting water molecules using electrical current. The other three methods mentioned (biomass gasification, thermolysis, and reforming) are all valid methods for producing hydrogen.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Read 15-6. Biomass includes plant materials and animal wastes used a sources of energy. One way to produce biomass fuel is to plant, harvest and burn large numbers of fast-grwoing 1) trees, 2 Shrubs, 3 perennial grasses, 4 water hyacinths. Which of the following crops cannot be used to create ethanol (gasifying biomass)
- A.
Sugarcane
- B.
Sugar beets
- C.
Bristlecone pines
- D.
Sorghum
Correct Answer
C. Bristlecone pinesExplanation
Bristlecone pines cannot be used to create ethanol through gasifying biomass. The passage states that biomass fuel can be produced by planting, harvesting, and burning fast-growing trees, shrubs, perennial grasses, and water hyacinths. Bristlecone pines are not mentioned as a suitable source of biomass for fuel production, indicating that they cannot be used to create ethanol.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Read 15-5. Texas is now the wind capital of the United States. Many other countries are also using wind energy. Which of the following countries is the world's third largest use of wind power?
- A.
China
- B.
Denmark
- C.
Sweden
- D.
Germany
- E.
Japan
- F.
Italy
Correct Answer
D. GermanyExplanation
Germany is the world's third largest user of wind power. The question states that Texas is the wind capital of the United States, implying that the United States is a major user of wind power. The question also mentions that many other countries are using wind energy, suggesting that the answer is a country. Out of the given options, Germany is the most likely choice as it is known for its strong commitment to renewable energy, including wind power.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Read 15-4. Water and hydropower is another very important type of energy. Make sure you read about how we can use tides to produce electricity. Imagine that you are vacationing in Norway - remember that not only are they allowed to hunt whales, they also prduce 99% of their electricity through hydropower. You have decided to take your nephews on a camping trip for spring break and as you are hiking through a coniferous forest you encounter a low dam with no reservoir that is built across a small stream. Their is a beautiful little cottage near by that is uses the electricity produced by the tiny dam. Which of the following would be the best term for this situation?
- A.
Large-scale hydropower
- B.
Pumped-storage hydropower
- C.
Small-scale hydropower
- D.
Micro hydropower
Correct Answer
C. Small-scale hydropowerExplanation
The term "small-scale hydropower" is the best term for this situation because the dam mentioned in the scenario is built across a small stream and does not have a reservoir. This indicates that it is a small-scale project rather than a large-scale one. Additionally, the fact that the electricity produced by the dam is used by a nearby cottage further supports the idea that it is a small-scale hydropower system.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Read 15-3. The sun is the ultimate source of all energy and the reason life exists on the planet. Check out the following scenario: You are building a GREEN home and would like to make it as energy efficience as possible. You have designed your dream home and it costs about 100,000 dollars. In order to make it GREEN you have used a passive solar and superinsulated design. Due to this GREEN design the cost of your house will now be
- A.
150,000 - 175,000
- B.
105,000 - 110,000
- C.
75,000 - 85,000
- D.
125,000-150,000
Correct Answer
B. 105,000 - 110,000Explanation
The correct answer is 105,000 - 110,000. This is because the scenario states that the house is designed to be energy efficient using passive solar and superinsulated design. These features typically increase the cost of construction, so the price range of 105,000 - 110,000 reflects the additional expenses incurred to make the house green.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Read 15-2. Alison Gannett built what type of house?
- A.
Straw house
- B.
Brick house
- C.
Wood house
- D.
Concrete house
Correct Answer
A. Straw houseExplanation
Alison Gannett built a straw house.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Read 15-1. Efficiency is the number one way we can decrease our energy use. Most items that we use are very inefficient. Which of the following correctly orders the efficiency from worst efficiency to best efficiency?
- A.
Human body, fuel cell, steam turbine
- B.
Internal combustion engine, fluorescent light, fuel cell, steam turbine
- C.
Incandescent, internal combustion engine, human body, steam turbine
- D.
Incandescent light, fluorescent light, human body , internal combustion engine
Correct Answer
C. Incandescent, internal combustion engine, human body, steam turbine -
- 11.
Read the Guest Essay by Amory B. Lovins. Answer the critical Thinking questions (two questions) with complete sentences. These answers should be at least 2 sentences each.
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