Chapter 1 Quiz (Part 1)

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Quizzes Created: 6 | Total Attempts: 4,262
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  • 1/20 Questions

    It is the way the atoms are organized in a given substance that determines the properties of that substance.  For example, _________, one of the most common and important substances on earth is composed of two types of atoms:  hydrogen and oxygen.

    • Water
    • Sand
    • Bridges
    • Alphabet
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Chapter 1 Quiz (Part 1) - Quiz
About This Quiz

This quiz covers the fist half of Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations in your textbook.

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  • 2. 

    What does the word "diatomic" mean?

    • Chemicals

    • Substances

    • Two-atoms

    • One-atom

    Correct Answer
    A. Two-atoms
    Explanation
    The word "diatomic" refers to a molecule or element that consists of two atoms bonded together. In this context, it means that the term "diatomic" describes substances or chemicals that are composed of two atoms.

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  • 3. 

    In 1960, an international agreement set up a system of units called the International System, or the _____________.

    • English system

    • SI system

    • Fundamental unit

    • Number system

    Correct Answer
    A. SI system
    Explanation
    In 1960, an international agreement established a system of units called the International System, or the SI system. The SI system is a globally recognized system of measurement that is used in science, industry, and everyday life. It is based on seven fundamental units, such as the meter, kilogram, and second, which provide a standardized and consistent way of measuring physical quantities. The SI system has replaced the outdated English system and has become the standard for measurement worldwide.

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  • 4. 

    The process that lies at the center of scientific inquiry is called the ____________.

    • Scientific inquiry

    • Scientific method

    • Law of chemistry

    • Diatomic atom

    Correct Answer
    A. Scientific method
    Explanation
    The scientific method is the process that lies at the center of scientific inquiry. It is a systematic approach used by scientists to investigate and understand the natural world. It involves making observations, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments or gathering data, analyzing the results, and drawing conclusions. The scientific method allows scientists to test and refine their ideas, ensuring that their findings are reliable and accurate.

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  • 5. 

    What kind of observation involves both a number and a unit?  This is also called a measurement.

    • Qualitative

    • Quantitative

    • Quantum

    • Hypothesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Quantitative
    Explanation
    A quantitative observation involves both a number and a unit, which allows for the measurement of a particular quantity or attribute. This type of observation focuses on numerical data and can be used to make comparisons or analyze patterns. It is different from qualitative observations, which involve descriptions or characteristics without specific measurements. The term "quantum" refers to a discrete quantity in physics and is not relevant to this question. "Hypothesis" is a prediction or explanation that can be tested, but it does not involve the use of numbers and units.

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  • 6. 

    Which system of measurement is used by all of the industrialized world except for the United States?

    • Metric

    • English

    Correct Answer
    A. Metric
    Explanation
    The metric system is used by all of the industrialized world except for the United States. The metric system is a decimal-based system of measurement that is used worldwide for its simplicity and consistency. It is based on units such as meters for length, grams for mass, and liters for volume. The United States, on the other hand, primarily uses the English system of measurement, which is based on units such as inches, pounds, and gallons. The metric system is favored by most countries due to its ease of use and compatibility with scientific measurements.

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  • 7. 

    The observation that the total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those materials is called what?

    • Law of conservation of mass

    • Natural law

    • Theory (model)

    • Procedure

    Correct Answer
    A. Law of conservation of mass
    Explanation
    The law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of materials involved in a chemical reaction remains constant before and after the reaction. This means that no atoms are created or destroyed during a chemical change, they only rearrange to form new substances. This observation is a fundamental principle in chemistry and is supported by numerous experimental evidence. It is not a theory or a model, but a well-established scientific law.

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  • 8. 

    One of the main challenges of chemistry is to understand the connection between the macroscopic world that we experience and the microscopic world of atoms and molecules.  To truly understand chemistry you must learn to think on what level?

    • Nuclear

    • Electric

    • Atomic

    • Subatomic

    Correct Answer
    A. Atomic
    Explanation
    To truly understand chemistry, one must learn to think on the atomic level. This is because chemistry is the study of atoms and molecules, and understanding their behavior and interactions is crucial in comprehending the macroscopic world. By focusing on the atomic level, scientists can explain and predict various chemical reactions and phenomena that occur in our everyday lives.

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  • 9. 

    What kind of observation does not involve a number?

    • Qualitative

    • Quantitative

    • Quantum

    • Hypothesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Qualitative
    Explanation
    Qualitative observation refers to the type of observation that does not involve numerical values or measurements. It focuses on the qualities, characteristics, and properties of an object or phenomenon. This type of observation relies on descriptive information, such as color, texture, shape, smell, taste, or behavior. It is subjective and can vary depending on the observer's interpretation. In contrast, quantitative observation involves measuring or counting using numerical values. The term "quantum" is unrelated to the concept of observation and refers to a fundamental unit of energy in physics. "Hypothesis" is a statement that proposes an explanation for a phenomenon and is not directly related to the act of observation.

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  • 10. 

    One liter contains how many milliliters?

    • 1

    • 10

    • 100

    • 1000

    Correct Answer
    A. 1000
    Explanation
    One liter contains 1000 milliliters. This is because the metric system is based on powers of 10, and there are 1000 milliliters in a liter. This conversion is commonly used in everyday life when dealing with liquid volumes.

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  • 11. 

    Part of the reason for learning chemistry, therefore, is to become a better what?

    • Problem solver

    • Scientist

    • Driver

    • Student

    Correct Answer
    A. Problem solver
    Explanation
    Learning chemistry helps individuals become better problem solvers. Chemistry involves critical thinking, logical reasoning, and analytical skills, which are essential for solving complex problems. By learning chemistry, individuals develop the ability to analyze data, identify patterns, and apply scientific principles to find solutions. This skill set can be applied not only in chemistry-related scenarios but also in various other fields and real-life situations. Therefore, becoming a better problem solver is one of the key benefits of learning chemistry.

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  • 12. 

    A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a(n) _____________.

    • Prediction

    • Data

    • Hypothesis

    • Observation

    Correct Answer
    A. Observation
    Explanation
    A hypothesis is a possible explanation for an observation. When scientists make observations, they may notice patterns or phenomena that they want to understand. They develop hypotheses as potential explanations for these observations. These hypotheses can then be tested through further experimentation and data collection to determine their validity. Therefore, the correct answer is observation.

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  • 13. 

    For the fist time we can "see" individual atoms.  Of course, we cannot see them with the naked eye but we must use a special device called what?

    • Scanning Electron Microscope

    • Special Trap

    • Scanning Tunneling Microscope

    • Light Microscope

    Correct Answer
    A. Scanning Tunneling Microscope
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Scanning Tunneling Microscope. This device allows us to "see" individual atoms by using a technique called scanning tunneling microscopy. It works by scanning a sharp metal tip across the surface of a sample, and as the tip gets close to the atoms, a tunneling current is produced. This current is used to create a detailed image of the surface, allowing us to visualize individual atoms. Unlike a light microscope, which uses visible light to magnify objects, a scanning tunneling microscope uses the principles of quantum mechanics to achieve atomic-scale resolution.

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  • 14. 

    Theories are often called ____________.

    • Hypotheses

    • Models

    • Inferences

    • Laws

    Correct Answer
    A. Models
    Explanation
    Theories are often called "models" because they provide a framework or representation of how something works or functions. Models help to simplify complex concepts and allow scientists to make predictions and test hypotheses based on the theoretical framework provided by the model. This term is commonly used in scientific research and allows for a better understanding and communication of theories within the scientific community.

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  • 15. 

    Which system of measurement is used in the United States?

    • Metric

    • English

    Correct Answer
    A. English
    Explanation
    The system of measurement used in the United States is English. This system includes units such as inches, feet, pounds, and gallons. It is different from the metric system, which is used in most other countries and includes units such as meters, kilograms, and liters. The use of the English system in the United States is a historical legacy from its British colonial roots.

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  • 16. 

    Which type of error occurs in the same place in the same way every time?

    • Random error

    • Systematic error

    • Significant figures

    • Uncertainty

    Correct Answer
    A. Systematic error
    Explanation
    Systematic error refers to an error that occurs consistently in the same way and at the same place every time. Unlike random errors, which vary in magnitude and direction, systematic errors are predictable and can be attributed to specific causes such as faulty equipment, calibration issues, or a flawed experimental setup. These errors can significantly impact the accuracy and reliability of measurements and must be identified and minimized to ensure the validity of scientific experiments and data analysis.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following is a force?

    • Mass

    • Weight

    Correct Answer
    A. Weight
    Explanation
    Weight is a force because it is the force exerted by an object due to gravity. It is the measure of the gravitational force acting on an object and is dependent on the mass of the object and the acceleration due to gravity. Weight is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and it is typically measured in units of Newtons.

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  • 18. 

    Because the _____________ are not always convenient, prefixes are used to change the size of a unit.

    • Fundamental units

    • Measurements

    • Foreign cars

    • Observations

    Correct Answer
    A. Fundamental units
    Explanation
    The given question is discussing the use of prefixes to change the size of a unit. The correct answer is "fundamental units" because it implies that the base units of measurement are not always convenient and prefixes are used to modify them. This implies that fundamental units are the base units of measurement that can be modified using prefixes to represent different sizes.

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  • 19. 

    We are fairly sure that matter consists of individual atoms.  The nature of these atoms is quite complex, and the components of atoms don't behave much like the objects we see in the world of our experience.  We call this world the __________.

    • Microscopic world

    • Macroscopic world

    Correct Answer
    A. Macroscopic world
    Explanation
    The given answer, "macroscopic world," is the correct answer because it refers to the world of our experience, where objects can be seen and interacted with by the naked eye. In contrast, the "microscopic world" refers to the realm of atoms and particles, which are not directly observable without the use of specialized tools such as microscopes. Since the question mentions that the components of atoms do not behave like the objects we see in our everyday experience, it suggests that the answer should be the macroscopic world.

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  • 20. 

    A possible explanation of why nature behaves in a particular way is called what?

    • Law

    • Hypothesis

    • Interpretation

    • Mass

    Correct Answer
    A. Interpretation
    Explanation
    An interpretation is a possible explanation for why nature behaves in a particular way. It involves analyzing and understanding the observed phenomena in order to make sense of them. Interpreting nature's behavior helps us gain insights into the underlying principles and mechanisms governing the natural world. It allows us to formulate theories and models that can be tested and refined through further observation and experimentation.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jun 08, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Mrbrownthescienc
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