Chapter 06: Lifespan Of Children Quiz

1. Your patient, age 14 months, is to receive penicillin V. She weighs 11.9 kg. The order reads: administer 50 mg/kg in 4 divided doses. Using the body weight method, how much penicillin V will you give this patient in one dose?

595 mg

150 mg

100 mg

1 gram

The order states to administer 50 mg/kg in 4 divided doses. The patient weighs 11.9 kg, so we need to calculate the total dose for the patient. 50 mg/kg x 11.9 kg = 595 mg. Since the order is to administer the total dose in 4 divided doses, we divide 595 mg by 4 to get the dose per administration. 595 mg / 4 = 148.75 mg. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the patient will receive 150 mg in one dose.

Explanation

The order states to administer 50 mg/kg in 4 divided doses. The patient weighs 11.9 kg, so we need to calculate the total dose for the patient. 50 mg/kg x 11.9 kg = 595 mg. Since the order is to administer the total dose in 4 divided doses, we divide 595 mg by 4 to get the dose per administration. 595 mg / 4 = 148.75 mg. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the patient will receive 150 mg in one dose.

2. Your patient, age 4 years, is hospitalized with appendicitis. Which of the following should be done to reduce this patient's anxiety about receiving an intramuscular injection?

Use parents to restrain child when giving an injeciton

Explain the pharmacodynamics of each drug and the rationale for therapy

Tell the patient she will be a "good girl" if she allows you to administer her medications

Demonstrate drug therapy to the patient using a rag doll

Demonstrating drug therapy to the patient using a rag doll can help reduce the patient's anxiety about receiving an intramuscular injection. By showing the patient how the medication will be administered on the doll, it allows the child to visualize and understand the process, making it less scary and unfamiliar. This approach can help alleviate fear and anxiety by providing a concrete and relatable demonstration of what will happen during the injection.

Explanation

Demonstrating drug therapy to the patient using a rag doll can help reduce the patient's anxiety about receiving an intramuscular injection. By showing the patient how the medication will be administered on the doll, it allows the child to visualize and understand the process, making it less scary and unfamiliar. This approach can help alleviate fear and anxiety by providing a concrete and relatable demonstration of what will happen during the injection.

3. A patient has 3 children: two boys ages 5 and 8 years, and a daughter age 9 months. All of the children have been prescribed hydrocortisone cream for heat rash. Which of the following instructions is most accurate?

Apply the same amount of hydrocortisone cream for all the children

Use less of the hydrocortisone for the boys.

Use less of the hydrocortisone cream for the girl

Do not use any of the cream for any of the children

The correct answer is to use less of the hydrocortisone cream for the girl because she is only 9 months old, while the boys are 5 and 8 years old. Infants and younger children generally require smaller doses of medication due to their smaller body size and lower metabolism. Therefore, it is important to use a lower amount of hydrocortisone cream for the girl to ensure appropriate dosing and minimize the risk of side effects.

Explanation

The correct answer is to use less of the hydrocortisone cream for the girl because she is only 9 months old, while the boys are 5 and 8 years old. Infants and younger children generally require smaller doses of medication due to their smaller body size and lower metabolism. Therefore, it is important to use a lower amount of hydrocortisone cream for the girl to ensure appropriate dosing and minimize the risk of side effects.

4. When administering drug therapy to an adolescent, the nurse should

Direct all questions to the parents

Provide stickers and prizes for taking drug therapy

Offer explanations and teaching directly to the patient

Maintain tight control over all aspects of drug administration

When administering drug therapy to an adolescent, it is important for the nurse to offer explanations and teaching directly to the patient. Adolescents are at an age where they are capable of understanding their own healthcare and need to be involved in their treatment. Providing explanations and teaching directly to the patient helps them understand the purpose and importance of the drug therapy, promotes their autonomy, and encourages their compliance with the treatment plan. It also empowers them to take responsibility for their own health and make informed decisions about their treatment.

Explanation

When administering drug therapy to an adolescent, it is important for the nurse to offer explanations and teaching directly to the patient. Adolescents are at an age where they are capable of understanding their own healthcare and need to be involved in their treatment. Providing explanations and teaching directly to the patient helps them understand the purpose and importance of the drug therapy, promotes their autonomy, and encourages their compliance with the treatment plan. It also empowers them to take responsibility for their own health and make informed decisions about their treatment.

5. Which of the following nursing actions would be most significant when administering medication to the pediatric patient?

Take the blood pressure and pulse

Weigh the child

Check the most recent lab results

Mix the medication in applesauce to mask the taste

Weighing the child before administering medication is the most significant nursing action. This is because pediatric medication dosages are often based on the child's weight. By accurately weighing the child, the nurse can calculate the appropriate dosage and ensure that the medication is administered safely and effectively. Taking the blood pressure and pulse, checking the most recent lab results, and mixing the medication in applesauce are also important nursing actions, but they may not have as direct an impact on the administration of medication as weighing the child.

Explanation

Weighing the child before administering medication is the most significant nursing action. This is because pediatric medication dosages are often based on the child's weight. By accurately weighing the child, the nurse can calculate the appropriate dosage and ensure that the medication is administered safely and effectively. Taking the blood pressure and pulse, checking the most recent lab results, and mixing the medication in applesauce are also important nursing actions, but they may not have as direct an impact on the administration of medication as weighing the child.

6. The use of water-soluble drugs in children may result in an increased risk for

Toxicity

Rapid elimination of drugs

Subtheraputic levels of drugs

Enhanced pharmacodynamics

The use of water-soluble drugs in children may result in subtherapeutic levels of drugs. Water-soluble drugs tend to be eliminated more quickly from the body compared to lipid-soluble drugs. This rapid elimination can lead to lower drug concentrations in the bloodstream, resulting in subtherapeutic levels. This means that the drug may not reach the desired therapeutic effect and may not be effective in treating the condition it is intended for.

Explanation

The use of water-soluble drugs in children may result in subtherapeutic levels of drugs. Water-soluble drugs tend to be eliminated more quickly from the body compared to lipid-soluble drugs. This rapid elimination can lead to lower drug concentrations in the bloodstream, resulting in subtherapeutic levels. This means that the drug may not reach the desired therapeutic effect and may not be effective in treating the condition it is intended for.

7. You are going to administer multivitamin drops to an infant. You should

Use a calibrated measuring cup to measure the dose

Mix the measured dose into the infant's formula

Explain the rationale for the drug to gain the child's cooperation

Gently squeeze the infant's mouth open and place the drops in the buccal pouch

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Explanation

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