Building Construction Quiz 1

Doors and windows are not part of the structural system of a building. While foundations, columns and beams, and roof framing systems are all essential components of the structural system, doors and windows are considered part of the building's envelope or architectural system. They are responsible for providing access, ventilation, and natural light, but they do not contribute to the overall stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure.

A bar clamp is a clamping device used in carpentry that consists of a long bar with adjustable clamping jaws. This tool is commonly used to hold pieces of wood or other materials together securely during construction or woodworking projects. The adjustable jaws allow for a customized fit and provide strong and even pressure, ensuring a tight and secure hold. The long bar provides stability and leverage, making it easier to apply and maintain the desired clamping force.

A crawl space is an unfinished accessible space below the first floor of a building without a basement. This type of substructure is commonly used in buildings that do not have a basement but still require some space below the first floor for maintenance, ventilation, or access to utilities. The crawl space is typically a shallow area that allows people to crawl or crouch down to access these areas. It is a cost-effective alternative to a basement and provides some of the benefits of having a basement, such as additional storage space and easy access to utilities.

Staplers are hand tools that are loaded with U-shaped staples instead of nails for fastening. They are commonly used for joining papers, fabrics, and other lightweight materials together. Unlike nailers, which use nails, staplers provide a more secure and neat fastening option. They are widely used in offices, schools, and households for various tasks such as stapling documents, upholstery work, and crafting.

Concrete is a mixture of cement, water, and aggregates that gradually hardens and gains strength over time through a process called hydration. The hydration process involves the chemical reaction between cement and water, which creates a solid matrix within the concrete. The rate of this reaction is influenced by various factors such as temperature, moisture, and the type of cement used. Generally, it takes around 28 days for concrete to reach its maximum strength and hardness. Therefore, the correct answer is 28 days.

A brick trowel is the correct answer because it is specifically designed for placing and trimming mortar between bricks or concrete blocks. It has a flat, rectangular blade that allows for precise application of mortar, and a handle that provides a comfortable grip for the user. The other options listed, such as spade, pala, and blind riveter, are not suitable for this task and do not have the necessary features to effectively place and trim mortar.

A blind riveter is a hand tool used to fasten pieces of sheet metal together. It is designed to create a permanent joint by driving a rivet through the sheets of metal. The blind riveter is specifically designed for use in situations where only one side of the metal is accessible, hence the term "blind". It is commonly used in automotive, aerospace, and construction industries for fastening metal components securely and efficiently.

A saber saw is a machine power tool that is specifically designed to cut curves or holes in floors and roofs for pipes. It has a small knife-shaped blade that moves up and down, allowing for precise and intricate cuts. This tool is commonly used in construction and woodworking projects where the ability to make curved cuts is necessary. The other options, such as a power miter saw, table saw, and blind riveter, are not suitable for cutting curves or holes in floors and roofs.

An addendum is a written document that provides additional information or modifies the original building documents. It is typically issued during the bidding process to clarify or make changes to the project requirements. This allows contractors to have a clear understanding of the project scope and make necessary adjustments to their bids. The addendum ensures that all bidders have access to the same information and helps to maintain a fair and transparent bidding process.

The correct answer is "Punsol". In Tagalog, "Punsol" is the vernacular term for Nail Set.

A board foot is a unit of measurement for lumber that represents the volume of a piece of wood with nominal dimensions of 12 inches square and 1 inch thick. It is commonly used in the lumber industry to determine the quantity and cost of lumber. The board foot calculation is derived by multiplying the length, width, and thickness of the piece of wood in inches and then dividing the result by 144. This unit of measurement allows for a standardized way to compare and trade lumber based on its volume.

Admixtures are substances added to a concrete batch immediately before or during its mixing in order to alter or enhance specific properties of the concrete. They can be used to improve the workability, durability, strength, or setting time of the concrete. Admixtures can include chemicals such as water reducers, accelerators, retarders, air-entraining agents, and superplasticizers. These substances are added in small quantities and have a significant impact on the performance and characteristics of the concrete.

The Eiffel Tower is made of cast iron. This material was chosen for its strength and durability. Cast iron is able to withstand the weight of the tower and the forces of wind and weather. It also provides a solid structure for the intricate lattice design of the tower.

The correct answer is Nail Set. A nail set is a hand tool used to drive nails below the surface of wood. It has a pointed tip that is used to create a small indentation on the nail head, allowing it to be concealed with putty or wood filler. The picture might have shown a tool with a pointed tip, indicating its use for driving nails.

Cement is a calcined mixture of clay and limestone that is finely pulverized and used as an ingredient in concrete and mortar. This substance provides binding properties to the mixture, allowing it to harden and hold together. It is an essential component in construction materials, providing strength and durability to structures.

A pry bar, also known as a Kabra, is a hand tool specifically designed to force open boards used in forming concrete. It is commonly used in construction and carpentry to pry apart materials or remove nails. The pry bar's flat, pointed end allows for leverage and easy insertion between boards, making it an effective tool for this purpose. The other options, a sledgehammer or "Maso" and a sledgehammer or "Sinsil," are not suitable for forcing open boards used in forming concrete.

Portland cement is a type of hydraulic cement that is made by burning a mixture of clay and limestone in a rotary kiln. The resulting clinker is then pulverized into a very fine powder. This cement is known for its ability to harden and set underwater, making it suitable for a wide range of construction applications. It is commonly used in the production of concrete, mortar, and stucco.

Pozzolanic cement is the correct answer because it was used by the Romans in ancient times and is still used today with improved qualities due to new technologies. Pozzolanic cement is a type of cement that contains volcanic ash or other materials that react with lime to form a cementitious compound. This type of cement is known for its durability and ability to reduce the heat of hydration, making it suitable for various construction applications.

A rip saw is a hand tool with chisel-like teeth that are specifically designed for ripping or cutting with or parallel to the grain of wood. Unlike cross cut saws, which are used for cutting across the grain, rip saws have larger and fewer teeth that are shaped to remove material efficiently along the length of the wood fibers. This makes rip saws ideal for making long, straight cuts in wood, such as when ripping boards or cutting along the length of a piece of lumber.

The given definition describes a building as a relatively permanent enclosed structure constructed over a plot of land for habitable use. This definition encompasses various types of structures, such as residential houses, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities. The term "building" refers to the physical structure itself, which is typically constructed using various materials and methods. It includes components like walls, floors, roofs, and other architectural elements. The purpose of a building can vary, but it is generally intended to provide shelter, living space, or a functional environment for different activities.

The given answer, Design Development, is the correct answer because it is the stage in the design process where the presentation to the client is made and the issues of coordination and cost control are addressed. This stage also involves gathering more specific feedback about the nature of rooms and spaces, which aligns with the statement in the question. The other stages listed (Programming, Schematic Design, and Construction Documents) do not specifically mention these aspects of coordination, cost control, and feedback, making them incorrect choices.

Contract Negotiations typically come first in a project schedule. Before any construction or design work can begin, the project team needs to negotiate and finalize the terms of the contract with the client or stakeholders. This includes agreeing on the scope of work, budget, timeline, and other important details. Once the contract is signed, the project can move forward with the subsequent phases such as Design Development, Construction Administration, and Mobilization of Site.

In a traditional procurement contract structure, the design consultant typically does not act as the project manager. The role of the design consultant is to provide design services and expertise, while the project manager is responsible for overseeing the overall project, including coordinating different parties involved, managing timelines, and ensuring successful project delivery. Therefore, the statement that the designer also acts as the project manager is false.

A cold chisel is a type of chisel that is specifically designed for trimming or cutting metals. It has a hardened steel blade that can withstand the hardness of metal surfaces. The term "cold" refers to the fact that it is used without heating the metal, unlike hot chisels which are used with heated metals. Cold chisels are commonly used in metalworking tasks such as shaping, cutting, or removing excess material from metal surfaces.

Plain concrete refers to concretes that do not have any reinforcements such as steel bars or fibers. It is a basic form of concrete that is commonly used for various construction purposes, including sidewalks, driveways, and building foundations. Unlike reinforced concrete, which provides additional strength and durability, plain concrete relies solely on its own composition for structural integrity. Therefore, the term "plain concrete" accurately describes concretes without reinforcements.

Schematic Contingencies is not a type of budget contingency. The other options listed - Escalation, Construction Contingencies, and Design Contingencies - are all types of budget contingencies commonly used in project management. Schematic Contingencies, on the other hand, is not a recognized term or practice in budgeting and project management.

The "working drawing" phase of the project refers to the stage where every aspect of the design is drawn to scale and appropriately specified. This phase is known as Construction Documents. During this phase, detailed drawings and specifications are created, which serve as a guide for the construction team to execute the project accurately. It includes floor plans, elevations, sections, details, and other technical information necessary for construction. The Construction Documents phase is crucial as it ensures that the design intent is accurately translated into the built environment.

Air-entertaining agents are used to increase the concrete's resistance to freezing. These agents introduce small air bubbles into the concrete mixture, which act as microscopic pressure relief valves when water inside the concrete freezes and expands. By providing space for the expansion, the air bubbles prevent the concrete from cracking or being damaged by freeze-thaw cycles. This improves the durability and longevity of the concrete structure, making it more resistant to the damaging effects of freezing temperatures.