Building Construction (Conveying Systems - Elevators)

The British term for elevator is "lift".

A counterweight is used to balance the weight of an elevator car in order to prevent the hoisting machine from being overloaded. When the elevator car is loaded with passengers or cargo, it puts a certain amount of weight on the hoisting machine. To counterbalance this load, a counterweight of equal or slightly greater weight is attached to the other side of the hoisting machine. This helps to distribute the weight evenly and ensure smooth and efficient operation of the elevator.

An elevator is a moving platform or cage that is used to transport passengers or freight from one level of a building to another. It is a vertical transportation device that operates using a system of cables and pulleys, allowing for efficient and convenient movement between floors. Elevators are commonly found in tall buildings, hotels, and shopping malls, providing a safe and reliable means of transportation for people and goods.

A dumbwaiter is a small elevator that is used to transport food, dishes, or other materials between different floors of a building. It is often found in restaurants, hotels, or large homes where there is a need to move items quickly and efficiently. The dumbwaiter is typically operated by a pulley system and can be used to transport items such as plates, trays, or even laundry. It is a convenient and practical solution for moving items between floors without the need for manual labor or carrying heavy loads up and down stairs.

A buffer is a piston or spring device that is used to absorb the impact of a descending elevator car or counterweight when it reaches the extreme lower limit of travel. This helps to prevent any damage or excessive wear and tear on the elevator system. The buffer acts as a cushioning mechanism, absorbing the energy and reducing the force of impact, ensuring a smooth and controlled stop at the bottom of the elevator shaft.

Otis is the correct answer because it is the company that introduced the design that became the standard in the elevator industry. This suggests that Otis played a significant role in revolutionizing the design and functionality of elevators, leading to their widespread adoption and becoming the industry standard.

A hoistway is a vertical enclosed space that is specifically designed for the travel of one or more elevators. It provides a safe and secure pathway for the elevators to move up and down between different floors of a building. The hoistway is typically constructed with strong and durable materials to ensure the structural integrity and safety of the elevator system. It also contains various safety features such as doors, sensors, and emergency systems to prevent accidents and ensure smooth operation of the elevators.

A freight elevator is designed specifically for carrying heavy cargo. It has a larger weight capacity and a more robust construction compared to regular passenger elevators. The term "freight" refers to the transportation of goods or merchandise, and this type of elevator is commonly used in warehouses, factories, and commercial buildings to move heavy items such as machinery, equipment, or large quantities of products. Unlike passenger elevators, freight elevators may not have the same level of comfort or aesthetic features since their primary purpose is to efficiently transport heavy loads.

A control panel is a device that contains switches, buttons, and other equipment for regulating electrical devices. It is used to control and monitor various functions and operations of electrical systems. The control panel allows users to easily manipulate and adjust the settings of electrical devices, such as turning them on or off, adjusting the speed or intensity, and monitoring their performance. It is an essential component in many industries and applications where precise control and regulation of electrical equipment is required.

A landing refers to a portion of the floor that is located next to an elevator hoistway. It is specifically designed for the purpose of receiving and discharging passengers or freight. This is where people enter or exit the elevator, and where goods are loaded or unloaded. The landing provides a safe and convenient area for individuals and items to transition between the elevator and the surrounding floor.

A passenger elevator is a type of elevator that is designed and used exclusively for the transportation of passengers. It is typically found in buildings and is used to move people between different floors. This type of elevator is equipped with safety features and controls that are specifically designed for the comfort and convenience of passengers.

Gearless traction elevators are the correct answer because they are able to operate at speeds greater than 500 ft per minute. This technology eliminates the need for a machine room, allowing for more efficient use of space in buildings. Gearless traction elevators use a gearless motor that directly drives the elevator's hoisting ropes, resulting in smoother and faster operation. This advancement in elevator technology has made it possible to construct the tallest buildings in the world.

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The given correct answer includes the terms "electric elevators" and "traction elevators". This suggests that the elevator system described in the question is powered by electricity and uses traction technology. The car is mounted on guide rails and supported by hoisting cables, which are driven by electric hoisting machines. This combination of features is commonly found in electric traction elevators.

A penthouse is a luxurious apartment or living space located on the top floor or roof of a building. It is often associated with high-end amenities and features, including exclusive access to rooftop areas. In this context, the structure housing an elevator machinery on the roof of a building can be referred to as a penthouse.

The correct answer is traveling cable. A traveling cable is one of the electric cables that connects an elevator car to a fixed electrical outlet in the hoistway. It is responsible for supplying power to the elevator car and also carries signals for communication between the car and the control system. The traveling cable moves along with the elevator car as it travels up and down the hoistway, ensuring a continuous supply of electricity and communication throughout the elevator's operation.

The term "elevator pit" refers to the portion of a hoistway that extends from the level of the lowest landing to the floor of the hoistway. This is the area where the elevator car rests when it is at the lowest level. The pit is designed to provide a safe space for the elevator to stop and to allow for maintenance and repairs to be carried out. It is an essential component of the elevator system and ensures the smooth operation and safety of the elevator.

The term "rise" refers to the vertical distance that an elevator car travels from the lowest floor to the highest floor in a building. This measurement is important for determining the height requirements and capabilities of an elevator system. It helps architects and engineers ensure that the elevator can reach all floors and that the hoistway is properly designed to accommodate the full range of travel.

The hoistway door is a door that is typically closed, except when an elevator car is stopped at the landing. It is designed to provide a barrier between the hoistway (the vertical shaft where the elevator travels) and the elevator landing. When the elevator car is not at the landing, the hoistway door remains closed to prevent access to the shaft. However, when the elevator car arrives at the landing, the hoistway door opens to allow passengers to enter and exit the elevator safely.

An idle sheave is a pulley that is used for guiding and tightening the hoisting cables of an elevator system. It is not involved in driving the movement of the elevator, but rather helps to maintain tension and ensure smooth operation of the cables. The idle sheave is typically positioned at the opposite end of the driving sheave, and together they work to support the weight of the elevator car and provide stability during its ascent and descent.

Oil hydraulic elevators refer to an elevator system that uses oil as the fluid under pressure to move the car supported by a piston. This type of elevator system is commonly used in buildings and is known for its smooth and quiet operation. The oil hydraulic system allows for precise control of the elevator's movement and ensures a comfortable ride for passengers.

Bottom car clearance refers to the vertical distance from the floor of an elevator pit to the lowest part of an elevator car platform when the car is at rest and fully compressed against the buffers. This measurement is important to ensure that there is enough space for the elevator car to safely rest without touching the floor of the pit. It is crucial for maintaining proper functioning and safety of the elevator system.

A door contact is a safety device that prevents the operation of an elevator car unless its door or gate is fully closed. It is designed to ensure that the elevator does not move while the doors are open, preventing any potential accidents or injuries. The door contact detects whether the doors are closed properly and sends a signal to the elevator controls, allowing the elevator to operate only when the doors are fully closed. This safety feature is essential to ensure the safe operation of elevators and protect passengers from any hazards.

The given answer "hoisting machinery" accurately describes the equipment required for raising and lowering an elevator car, including a motor-generator set, traction machine, speed governor, brake, drive shaft, driving sheave, and gears. This machinery is responsible for the vertical movement of the elevator car and ensures its safe and efficient operation.

The abbreviation MRL stands for machine roomless elevators. This means that the elevators do not require a separate machine room for their operation. Instead, all the necessary equipment and machinery are integrated within the elevator shaft itself. This design allows for more flexibility in building layout and reduces the overall space required for elevator installation.