Brain And Behavior - Language
The human brain has different parts that are responsible for different functions. In our study of the human brain we got to understand how it is connected to speech and language. The quiz below is designed to test just how much of that you understood. Take it up and good luck!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which of the following is a primary disturbance in comprehension or production of speech that is caused by brain damage?
- A.
Alexia
- B.
Dysgraphia
- C.
Aphasia
- D.
Agraphia
- E.
Autism
Correct Answer
C. AphasiaExplanation
Aphasia is a primary disturbance in comprehension or production of speech that is caused by brain damage. It is a language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate and understand others. It can result in difficulty finding words, forming sentences, or understanding spoken or written language. Alexia, dysgraphia, agraphia, and autism are not specifically related to speech comprehension or production caused by brain damage.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Speech starts with decisions as to what will be said and can involve our current or past perceptions. The brain regions that are responsible for having something to say would be those located
- A.
In the primary motor cortex
- B.
Distal to the hippocampus
- C.
In the posterior portions of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes.
- D.
On either side of the corpus callosum
- E.
In the anterior portions of the cerebral hemispheres
Correct Answer
C. In the posterior portions of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes.Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer is that the posterior portions of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes are responsible for processing and interpreting sensory information, including visual (occipital), auditory (temporal), and somatosensory (parietal) inputs. These regions play a crucial role in forming perceptions and memories, which are essential for generating speech. Therefore, these brain regions are involved in the decision-making process of what will be said.Rate this question:
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- 3.
People with Broca's aphasia have trouble
- A.
Writing words on paper
- B.
Spelling simple words
- C.
Understanding speech
- D.
Producing speech
- E.
Recognizing the emotional content of speech
Correct Answer
D. Producing speechExplanation
People with Broca's aphasia have trouble producing speech. Broca's aphasia is a type of language disorder that affects the ability to speak fluently and articulate words. It is caused by damage to the frontal lobe of the brain, specifically the Broca's area, which is responsible for the motor aspects of speech production. Individuals with Broca's aphasia may struggle to find the right words, speak in short and fragmented sentences, and have difficulty with grammar and syntax. They may understand speech and be able to comprehend written words, but their ability to express themselves verbally is impaired.Rate this question:
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- 4.
People with Broca's aphasia have the most difficulty with
- A.
Spelling content words
- B.
Saying function words
- C.
Reading a map
- D.
Recognizing complex geometrical forms
- E.
Saying content words
Correct Answer
B. Saying function wordsExplanation
People with Broca's aphasia have the most difficulty with saying function words. Broca's aphasia is a type of aphasia that affects the ability to produce language. It is typically characterized by non-fluent speech and difficulty with grammar and function words. Function words are words that serve a grammatical function in a sentence, such as articles (a, an, the), pronouns (he, she, it), and prepositions (in, on, at). Individuals with Broca's aphasia often struggle with producing these words correctly, resulting in a limited and telegraphic speech pattern.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following brain regions is involved in Broca's aphasia
- A.
Portions of the Planum temporale
- B.
Left posterior cerebral cortex
- C.
The arcuate fasciculus
- D.
Inferior right frontal lobe
- E.
Inferior left frontal lobe
Correct Answer
E. Inferior left frontal lobeExplanation
The inferior left frontal lobe is involved in Broca's aphasia. Broca's area, located in the posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus in the left hemisphere, is responsible for speech production and language comprehension. Damage to this area can result in difficulty speaking, producing limited and non-fluent speech, but with preserved comprehension. This condition is known as Broca's aphasia. Therefore, the correct answer is the inferior left frontal lobe.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A person who has difficulties in the use of word order, use of function words, and selection of appropriate word endings would be said to have
- A.
Averbia
- B.
Ansomnia
- C.
Agrammatism
- D.
Articulation disorder
- E.
Anomia
Correct Answer
C. AgrammatismExplanation
A person who has difficulties in the use of word order, use of function words, and selection of appropriate word endings would be said to have agrammatism. Agrammatism is a language disorder characterized by the omission of grammatical elements in speech or writing. This can result in sentences that lack proper structure and coherence.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A primary characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia is
- A.
Effortless production of meaningless speech
- B.
Fumbling for the right word
- C.
Labored and nonfluent speech
- D.
Speech that lacks rhythm and tone
- E.
Mutism
Correct Answer
A. Effortless production of meaningless speechExplanation
Wernicke's aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage to the language processing area of the brain. One of the primary characteristics of this condition is the effortless production of meaningless speech. Individuals with Wernicke's aphasia may speak fluently, but their speech lacks coherence and may include jumbled or nonsensical words. This is because the damage affects their ability to understand and use language correctly, leading to the production of speech that is devoid of meaning.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Wernicke's aphasia is caused by damage to
- A.
The frontal association cortex of the right hemisphere
- B.
Broca's area and the caudate nucleus
- C.
The superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere
- D.
The inferior occipital gyrus of the right hemisphere
- E.
The left parietal lobe
Correct Answer
C. The superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphereExplanation
Wernicke's aphasia is a language disorder that affects the comprehension and production of speech. The correct answer is the superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere. This region of the brain is responsible for processing auditory information and plays a crucial role in language comprehension. Damage to this area can result in difficulties understanding spoken and written language, as well as producing coherent and meaningful speech.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A person with pure word deafness is unable to
- A.
Comprehend speech
- B.
Read lips
- C.
Speak
- D.
Understand non-speech words
- E.
Hear
Correct Answer
A. Comprehend speechExplanation
A person with pure word deafness is unable to comprehend speech. This means that they are unable to understand or make sense of spoken language. They may be able to hear the sounds of speech, but they are unable to process and understand the meaning of the words being spoken. This can be a result of damage or impairment in the auditory processing areas of the brain. It is important to note that pure word deafness is different from other forms of hearing loss, as it specifically affects the ability to understand speech.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A person who sustains damage to the ------- will be unable to -------.
- A.
Arcuate fasciculus; repeat non-words
- B.
Posterior commissure; name objects
- C.
Arcuate fasciculus; comprehend speech
- D.
Right temporal pole; produce fluent, spontaneous speech
- E.
Right temporal pole; name objects
Correct Answer
A. Arcuate fasciculus; repeat non-wordsExplanation
The arcuate fasciculus is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects Broca's area (responsible for speech production) and Wernicke's area (responsible for language comprehension). Damage to the arcuate fasciculus would disrupt the communication between these two areas, resulting in an inability to repeat non-words. This is because repeating non-words requires the integration of both speech production and language comprehension.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Someone with conduction aphasia is unable to
- A.
Name proper nouns
- B.
Repeat nonwords
- C.
Repeat words that have familiar meanings
- D.
Name objects
- E.
Produce fluent, spontaneous speech
Correct Answer
B. Repeat nonwordsExplanation
Conduction aphasia is a language disorder characterized by the inability to repeat words or phrases that have no meaning (nonwords). This is due to damage in the arcuate fasciculus, a bundle of nerve fibers that connects Broca's area and Wernicke's area in the brain. Individuals with conduction aphasia may have difficulty with word retrieval and phonological processing, making it challenging for them to repeat nonwords accurately. They may, however, be able to name proper nouns, repeat words with familiar meanings, name objects, and produce fluent, spontaneous speech.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A direct neural connection between Broca's area and Wernicke's area is provided by the
- A.
Stria teminalis
- B.
Anterior commissure
- C.
Corpus callosum
- D.
Fornix
- E.
Arcuate fasciculus
Correct Answer
E. Arcuate fasciculusExplanation
The arcuate fasciculus is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects Broca's area in the frontal lobe with Wernicke's area in the temporal lobe. This connection is crucial for language processing and communication. Damage to the arcuate fasciculus can result in a condition called conduction aphasia, where individuals have difficulty repeating words or phrases accurately. Therefore, the arcuate fasciculus is the correct answer as it directly connects Broca's area and Wernicke's area.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A person that has pure alexia
- A.
Cannot read, but can recognize words spelled aloud
- B.
Is unable to write
- C.
Would also have agraphia
- D.
Is usually unable to choose appropriate words
- E.
Suffers from a pure form of aphasia
Correct Answer
A. Cannot read, but can recognize words spelled aloudExplanation
A person with pure alexia is unable to read, but they can still recognize words when they are spelled aloud. This condition is characterized by the inability to process written language, despite having intact language abilities in other forms, such as speaking and listening. Pure alexia is often caused by damage to the visual processing areas of the brain, specifically the left occipital lobe. It is important to note that pure alexia does not affect the person's ability to write, choose appropriate words, or indicate a pure form of aphasia.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A key difference between visual agnosia and pure alexia is that
- A.
A person with visual agnosia can still read
- B.
Alexia disrupts spelling but not reading
- C.
Pure alexia impairs the ability to recognize objects
- D.
A person with visual agnosia is unable to read
- E.
Pure alexia impairs the ability to name objects
Correct Answer
A. A person with visual agnosia can still readExplanation
Visual agnosia is a condition where a person is unable to recognize or identify objects visually, even though their vision is intact. However, they can still read and understand written words. This suggests that the impairment in visual agnosia is specific to object recognition rather than reading abilities. On the other hand, pure alexia refers to a condition where a person can recognize objects but has difficulty reading and spelling. Therefore, the given answer correctly states that a person with visual agnosia can still read.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Pure alexia is produced by damage to pathways that carry ------ information to the -------.
- A.
Auditory; Broca's area
- B.
Visual; right extrastriate cortex
- C.
Visual; left extrastriate cortex
- D.
Auditory; right striate cortex
- E.
Auditory; Wernicke's area
Correct Answer
C. Visual; left extrastriate cortexExplanation
Pure alexia refers to a specific type of reading impairment where individuals can understand spoken language but have difficulty reading written words. The correct answer, "visual; left extrastriate cortex," suggests that damage to the pathways carrying visual information to the left extrastriate cortex can lead to pure alexia. The left extrastriate cortex is involved in processing visual information, including recognizing and interpreting written words. Therefore, damage to this area can disrupt the ability to read, resulting in pure alexia.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Individuals with surface dyslexia
- A.
Cannot read
- B.
Have a deficit in whole-word reading
- C.
Cannot understand the meaning of words
- D.
Cannot recognize individual letters
- E.
Cannot sound out words
Correct Answer
B. Have a deficit in whole-word readingExplanation
Individuals with surface dyslexia have a deficit in whole-word reading. This means that they struggle with recognizing and understanding words as a whole, rather than being able to decode them letter by letter. While they may be able to recognize individual letters and sound out words, their difficulty lies in comprehending the meaning of words as a whole. This can make reading comprehension and fluency challenging for individuals with surface dyslexia.Rate this question:
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